Table S1. MeDIP-Seq Illumina GA data.
Sample / Total reads / Mapped reads / Uniquely mapped reads / Unmapped reads2 day old larvae
Queen / 19,916,395 / 81.33 % / 74.00 % / 18.67 %
Worker / 20,000,018 / 81.67 % / 78.24 % / 18.33 %
4 day old larvae
Queen / 20,792,961 / 84.90 % / 80.05 % / 15.10 %
Worker / 20,412,146 / 83.35 % / 78.17 % / 16.65 %
6 day old larvae
Queen / 20,600,743 / 84.12 % / 78.84 % / 15.88 %
Worker / 19,894,058 / 81.23 % / 75.80 % / 18.77 %
Table S2.Down- and up-methylated genes in queen larvae, relative to worker larvae.
GO / Class / Down-methylated / Up-methylatedBiological process / Biological regulation / Fab1; sGC-alpha1; p38b; Par-1; Wnt7; Sir2; Sin3A; Tsf2; PTK2; Kinesin-2A / Hip1; Dsor1; Lis-1; RabGAP1; Drl2; Itpr1; Wnt4
Biological process / Cellular process / Sin3A; Kinesin-2A; Rbcn-3A; Sir2; sGC-alpha1; DNAH3; Fab1; p38b; Par-1; Wnt7; Cryl1 / Lis-1; Myo6; pr-set7; Hip1; Top1
Biological process / Death / Sin3A; PTK2; Sir2 / Hip1
Biological process / Developmental process / Wnt7; Par-1; Sin3A; Kinesin-2A; Sir2; RhoGAPp190; p38b / Myo7; Wnt4; Drl2; Myo6; Lis-1
Biological process / Establishment of localization / Tsf2; Ncc69; Tango7; Sir2; Or141; Fab1; Kinesin-2A; nAChRa6; nAChRa1; Hex110 / Itpr1; Lis-1; Kinesin-2B
Biological process / Growth / - / Drl2;Tango9
Biological process / Immune system process / - / Wnt4;Toll-1
Biological process / Localization / Tango7; Sir2; Sin3A; Fab1; Par-1; Or141; Kinesin-2A; nAChRa6; nAChRa1; Hex110; / Dsor1; Itpr1; Lis-1; Myo6; Drl2; Trappc1; Hip1; Tango9; Kinesin-2B; Ent2
Biological process / Metabolic process / Sir2; sGC-alpha1; Sin3A; DNAH3; Wnt7; Fab1; Tango7;
PTK2; p38b;Par-1; SPH19; Cryl1; Gfat2 / Hip1; Coq2; Dsor1
Biological process / Negative regulation / Sir2; Wnt7 / Drl2; Itpr1; Lis-1; Wnt4
Biological process / Positive regulation / Wnt7 / Hip1; Wnt4; Drl2
Biological process / Regulation of biological process / Fab1; DEPDC5; sGC-alpha1; p38b; Par-1; Wnt7; Sir2; Sin3A / Hip1; Dsor1; Tango9
Biological process / Reproduction / Sir2; Par-1 / Myo6; Wnt4; kinesin-2A
Biological process / Reproductive process / Sir2; Par-1 / Myo6; Wnt4
Biological process / Response to stimulus / Sin3A; p38b; PTK2; sGC-alpha1; Wnt7; Sir2 / pr-set7; Wnt4; Top1; Kinesin-2B
Biological process / Signaling / Fab1; DEPDC5; sGC-alpha1; p38b; Par-1; Wnt7; Sir2; PTK2 / Hip1; Dsor1; Drl2; Wnt4
Cellular component / Cell / Myo18; Tango7; DNAH3; Par-1; Kinesin-2A; Sir2; Sin3A / mRpS11; Myo7; Myo6; Dsor1
Cellular component / Cell part / Myo18; Tango7; DNAH3; Par-1; Kinesin-2A; Sir2; Sin3A; Tango13; Fab1; Or141; p38b / Kinesin-2B; Trappc1; Drl2; Tango9
Cellular component / Extracellular region / Nep2; Fstl5; Par-1; Wnt7 / Myo6; Wnt4
Cellular component / Macromolecular complex / Sin3A; sGC-alpha1; Sir2; DNAH3; Kinesin-2A / mRpS11; Lis-1; Hip1; Myo7; Myo6; Kinesin-2B
Cellular component / Organelle / Myo18; Tango7; DNAH3; Par-1; Kinesin-2A; Sir2; Sin3A / Myo7; Myo6; Dsor1; Kinesin-2B; Tango9
Cellular component / Organelle part / Sir2; Sin3A; DNAH3; Inesin-2A; Fab1 / Lis-1; Myo7; Myo6; kinesin-2B; Itpr1
Molecular function / Binding / Fab1; Myo18; PTK2; p38b; Par-1; Sin3A; Tango7; Sir2; Wnt7 / Hip1; Myo6; Myo7; kinesin-2B
Molecular function / Catalytic activity / Tango13; PTK2、 / pr-set7;Dsor1;Drl2;Lis-1;Myo6;Kinesin-2B
Molecular function / Enzyme regulator activity / RhoGAPp190; Rbcn-3A / -
Molecular function / Molecular transducer activity / Nmdar2; p38b; nAChRa6; nAChRa1 / Itpr1; Drl2
Molecular function / Transporter activity / nAChRa6; nAChRa1; Or141; Ncc69; Hex110 / Tango9; Itpr1; Ranbp21
Table S3.Annotation of down- and up-methylated genes in queen larvae, relative to worker larvae.
Gene ID / Gene / Full Name / SummaryGB16212 / Coq2 / Coenzyme Q biosynthesis protein 2 / UbiA prenyltransferase family
GB13368 / Cryl1 / Lambda crystallin-like protein
GB19194 / DNAH3 / Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 3 / Dynein heavy chain and region D6 of dynein motor.
GB10200 / Drl2 / Derailed 2
GB13922 / Dsor1 / Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase dSOR1 / Protein kinases, catalytic domain
GB10702 / Fab1 / 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase
GB18357 / Gfat2 / Glucosamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase 2 / Glutamine amidotransferases class-II. This domain is found at the N-terminus of glucosamine-6P synthase.
GB16663 / Hip1 / Huntingtin interacting protein 1
GB18398 / Kinesin-2A / Kinesin 2A / Kinesin motor domain. Kinesins II play important roles in ciliary transport, and have been implicated in neuronal transport, melanosome transport, the secretory pathway, and mitosis.
GB14780 / Kinesin-6A / Kinesin 6A
GB13104 / Lis-1 / Lissencephaly-1 / WD40 domain. Cover a wide variety of functions including adaptor/regulatory modules in signal transduction, pre-mRNA processing and cytoskeleton assembly.
GB10158 / Myo6 / Myosin 6 / Myosin motor domain, type VII myosins. Myosins in this group have been associated with functions in sensory systems such as vision and hearing.
GB15578 / Myo7 / Myosin 7
GB10920 / Nep1 / Neprilysin 1 / M13; Peptidase family M13 includes neprilysin, endothelin-converting enzyme I
GB15606 / p38b / p38 map kinase / STKc_p38; Catalytic domain of the serine/threonine kinase.
GB15281 / Par-1 / Par-1 protein kinase / Ubiquitin Associated domain. It is a sequence motif in the ubiquitination pathway.
GB14643 / PTK2 / PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2 / Catalytic domain of the protein tyrosine kinase, Focal adhesion kinase.
GB10433 / RhoGAPp190 / Rho GTPase-activating protein 190 / GTPase-activator protein (GAP) for Rho-like GTPases. Small GTPases (G proteins) cluster active in their GTP-bound form but inactive when bound to GDP.
GB19367 / sGC-alpha1 / Soluble guanylyl cyclase alpha 1 subunit / Cyclase homology domain
GB15858 / Sin3A / Transcriptional corepressor Sin3a / SIN3; Histone deacetylase complex.
GB16265 / Sir2 / Sir2 histone deacetylase / Silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) enzymes which catalyze protein/histone deacetylation. Sir2 proteins have been shown to regulate gene silencing
GB17345 / SPH19 / Serine protease homolog 19 / Trypsin-like serine protease.
GB16019 / Tango9 / Transport and golgi organization 9 / DUF914. This family consists of several hypothetical proteins of unknown function.
GB10450 / Wnt4 / Wnt4 protein / Wnt family; Wnt genes have been identified in vertebrates and invertebrates but not in plants. Signal transduction by Wnt proteins.
GB11239 / Wnt7 / Wnt7 protein
Table S4.Differentially methylated genesin queen of different ages, relative to worker larvae.
Gene / Gene annotation/Pathway / DNA methylation (up/down) / Gene / Gene annotation/Pathway / DNA methylation (up/down)2d QL / 4d QL / 6d QL / 2d QL / 4d QL / 6d QL
5-HT1 / G protein coupled receptor / Down / Down / Down / Kinesin-3C / insulin signaling pathway / Up / Down / Down
5-HT2beta / - / Down / Down / mRpL45 / Tim 44-like domain / Up / Down / Down
AChE-1 / Up / Down / Down / mRpS22 / - / Down / Down
DopR2 / Down / Down / Down / mir184 / mircoRNA / - / Down / Down
nAChRa1 / Down / Down / Down / mir2-3 / - / Up / Down
nAChRa4 / - / Down / Down / mir71 / - / Up / Down
nAChRa6 / - / Down / Down / mir927 / - / Down / Down
Atg13 / Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) / - / Down / Down / p38b / MAPK signaling pathway / Up / Up / Down
Atg2 / - / Down / Down / RabGAP / GTPaseactivating protein / Up / Down / Down
ATP7 / - / Down / Down / RpL4 / Tim 44-like domain
Code ribosomal protein / - / Down / Down
Dnmt1 / DNA methyltransferases / - / Up / Up / Rpn5 / - / Down / Down
Dnmt3 / - / Up / Up / Rpn6 / - / Down / Down
Dynactin / Calmodulin-binding protein / - / Down / Down / Sir2 / Sir2 family
insulin signaling pathway / - / Down / Down
HDAC1 / Histone deacetylation / - / Down / Down / Sirt6-PA / - / Down / Down
HDAC6 / - / Down / Down / Trip1-PA / TRAF-type zinc finger / - / Down / Down
Hex110 / Wnt signaling pathway / - / Down / Down / Wnt1 / Wnt signaling pathway / - / Down / Down
His3.3A-PA / Histone deacetylation / - / Down / Down / Wnt4 / Up / Up / Up
IGFn / Insulin signaling pathway / Down / Down / Down / Wnt6 / - / Up / Up
Kinesin-3A / Calmodulin-binding protein / - / Down / Down / Wnt7 / Down / Down / Down
TableS5.Annotation ofdifferentially methylated genesin queen of different ages, relative to worker larvae.
Gene / GO ID / Classify / Subclassification / Annotation5-HT1 / GO:0004713 / Molecular function / Catalytic activity / Protein tyrosine kinase activity
GO:0004888 / Molecular function / Receptor activity / Transmembrane signaling receptor activity
GO:0004993 / Molecular function / Receptor activity / Serotonin receptor activity
GO:0007166 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Cell surface receptor linked signaling pathway
GO:0007193 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by g-protein signaling pathway
GO:0009605 / Biological process / Response to stimulus / Response to external stimulus
5-HT2beta / GO:0004888 / Molecular function / Receptor activity / Transmembrane signaling receptor activity
GO:0005667 / Cellular component / Organelle part / Transcription factor complex
GO:0007165 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Signal transduction
GO:0007166 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Cell surface receptor linked signaling pathway
AChE-1 / GO:0004091 / Molecular function / Catalytic activity / Carboxylesterase activity
GO:0005886 / Cellular component / Cell / Plasma membrane
GO:0006581 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Acetylcholine catabolic process
GO:0016787 / Molecular function / Catalytic activity / Hydrolase activity
Atg13 / GO:0044248 / Biological process / Cellular process / Cellular catabolic process
GO:0044444 / Cellular component / Cell / Cytoplasmic part
ATP7 / GO:0006874 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Cellular calcium ion homeostasis
GO:0007589 / Biological process / Establishment of localization / Body fluid secretion
GO:0009206 / Biological process / Cellular process / Purine ribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process
GO:0016020 / Cellular component / Cell / Membrane
GO:0019829 / Molecular function / Transporter activity / Cation-transporting ATPase activity
GO:0043296 / Cellular component / Cell / Apical junction complex
GO:0044431 / Cellular component / Organelle part / Golgi apparatus part
GO:0046873 / Molecular function / Transporter activity / Metal ion transmembrane transporter activity
Dnmt2 / GO:0006950 / Biological process / Response to stimulus / Response to stress
GO:0008173 / Molecular function / Catalytic activity / DNA methyltransferase activity
GO:0008757 / Molecular function / Catalytic activity / S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity
GO:0010259 / Biological process / Multicellular organismal process / Multicellular organismal aging
GO:0030529 / Cellular component / Cell / Ribonucleoprotein complex
GO:0044030 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of DNA methylation
DopR2 / GO:0004713 / Molecular function / Catalytic activity / Protein tyrosine kinase activity
GO:0007186 / Biological process / Biological regulation / G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
GO:0031224 / Cellular component / Cell / Intrinsic to membrane
HDAC1 / GO:0003677 / Molecular function / Binding / DNA binding
GO:0005515 / Molecular function / Binding / Protein binding
GO:0006915 / Biological process / Cellular process / Apoptosis
GO:0007169 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway
GO:0010557 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process
GO:0010975 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of neuron projection development
GO:0017136 / Molecular function / Catalytic activity / Na-dependent histone deacetylase activity
GO:0030162 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of proteolysis
GO:0030326 / Biological process / Multicellular organismal process / Embryonic limb morphogenesis
GO:0043231 / Cellular component / Cell / Intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
GO:0043392 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Negative regulation of DNA binding
GO:0051726 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of cell cycle
GO:0070822 / Cellular component / Organelle part / Sin3-type complex
HDAC6 / GO:0006351 / Biological process / Cellular process / Transcription, DNA-dependent
GO:0006476 / Biological process / Cellular process / Protein deacetylation
GO:0006886 / Biological process / Establishment of localization / Intracellular protein transport
GO:0006914 / Biological process / Cellular process / Autophagy
GO:0006915 / Biological process / Cellular process / Apoptosis
GO:0009966 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of signal transduction
GO:0010033 / Biological process / Response to stimulus / Response to organic substance
GO:0010310 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolic process
GO:0010556 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process
GO:0016585 / Cellular component / Organelle part / Chromatin remodeling complex
GO:0017136 / Molecular function / Catalytic activity / Na-dependent histone deacetylase activity
GO:0019899 / Molecular function / Binding / Enzyme binding
GO:0030162 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of proteolysis
GO:0034614 / Biological process / Cellular process / Cellular response to reactive oxygen species
GO:0043086 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Negative regulation of catalytic activity
GO:0048518 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Positive regulation of biological process
GO:0051128 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of cellular component organization
GO:0051640 / Biological process / Cellular process / Organelle localization
GO:0070887 / Biological process / Cellular process / Cellular response to chemical stimulus
Hex110 / GO:0006810 / Biological process / Establishment of localization / Transport
GO:0022892 / Molecular function / Transporter activity / Substrate-specific transporter activity
Kinesin-3A / GO:0000166 / Molecular function / Binding / Nucleotide binding
GO:0003774 / Molecular function / Catalytic activity / Motor activity
GO:0015630 / Cellular component / Cell / Microtubule cytoskeleton
GO:0032559 / Molecular function / Binding / Adenyl ribonucleotide binding
GO:0044430 / Cellular component / Organelle part / Cytoskeletal part
GO:0065008 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of biological quality
Kinesin-3C / GO:0000166 / Molecular function / Binding / Nucleotide binding
GO:0003006 / Biological process / Reproductive process / Developmental process involved in reproduction
GO:0003774 / Molecular function / Catalytic activity / Motor activity
GO:0007017 / Biological process / Cellular process / Microtubule-based process
GO:0015630 / Cellular component / Cell / Microtubule cytoskeleton
GO:0019903 / Molecular function / Binding / Protein phosphatase binding
GO:0032559 / Molecular function / Binding / Adenyl ribonucleotide binding
GO:0043234 / Cellular component / Macromolecular complex / Protein complex
GO:0044430 / Cellular component / Organelle part / Cytoskeletal part
mRpL45 / GO:0005739 / Cellular component / Cell / Mitochondrion
GO:0008320 / Molecular function / Transporter activity / Protein transmembrane transporter activity
GO:0010467 / Biological process / Metabolic process / Gene expression
GO:0015031 / Biological process / Establishment of localization / Protein transport
GO:0030529 / Cellular component / Cell / Ribonucleoprotein complex
mRpS22 / GO:0005840 / Cellular component / Cell / Ribosome
nAChRa1 / GO:0004871 / Molecular function / Molecular transducer activity / Signal transducer activity
GO:0005230 / Molecular function / Transporter activity / Extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
GO:0005886 / Cellular component / Cell / Plasma membrane
GO:0006810 / Biological process / Establishment of localization / Transport
GO:0031224 / Cellular component / Cell / Intrinsic to membrane
nAChRa4 / GO:0004871 / Molecular function / Molecular transducer activity / Signal transducer activity
GO:0005231 / Molecular function / Transporter activity / Excitatory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
GO:0006810 / Biological process / Establishment of localization / Transport
GO:0031224 / Cellular component / Cell / Intrinsic to membrane
nAChRa6 / GO:0004871 / Molecular function / Molecular transducer activity / Signal transducer activity
GO:0005231 / Molecular function / Transporter activity / Excitatory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
GO:0006810 / Biological process / Establishment of localization / Transport
GO:0031224 / Cellular component / Cell / Intrinsic to membrane
p38b / GO:0000302 / Biological process / Response to stimulus / Response to reactive oxygen species
GO:0004702 / Molecular function / Catalytic activity / Receptor signaling protein serine/threonine kinase activity
GO:0006464 / Biological process / Cellular process / Protein modification process
GO:0007243 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Intracellular protein kinase cascade
GO:0007472 / Biological process / Multicellular organismal process / Wing disc morphogenesis
GO:0031347 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of defense response
GO:0032559 / Molecular function / Binding / Adenyl ribonucleotide binding
GO:0043231 / Cellular component / Cell / Intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
RpL4 / GO:0010467 / Biological process / Metabolic process / Gene expression
GO:0015934 / Cellular component / Organelle part / Large ribosomal subunit
GO:0030529 / Cellular component / Cell / Ribonucleoprotein complex
Sir2 / GO:0000790 / Cellular component / Organelle part / Nuclear chromatin
GO:0000792 / Cellular component / Organelle part / Heterochromatin
GO:0004407 / Molecular function / Catalytic activity / Histone deacetylase activity
GO:0006282 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of DNA repair
GO:0006342 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Chromatin silencing
GO:0006351 / Biological process / Cellular process / Transcription, DNA-dependent
GO:0006473 / Biological process / Cellular process / Protein acetylation
GO:0008134 / Molecular function / Binding / Transcription factor binding
GO:0016458 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Gene silencing
GO:0016573 / Biological process / Cellular component organization / Histone acetylation
GO:0016585 / Cellular component / Organelle part / Chromatin remodeling complex
GO:0017136 / Molecular function / Catalytic activity / Na-dependent histone deacetylase activity
GO:0019866 / Cellular component / Organelle part / Organelle inner membrane
GO:0019904 / Molecular function / Binding / Protein domain specific binding
GO:0032070 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of deoxyribonuclease activity
GO:0035601 / Biological process / Cellular process / Protein deacylation
GO:0042254 / Biological process / Cellular component organization / Ribosome biogenesis
GO:0045596 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Negative regulation of cell differentiation
Wnt1 / GO:0002683 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Negative regulation of immune system process
GO:0003006 / Biological process / Reproductive process / Developmental process involved in reproduction
GO:0006355 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
GO:0007015 / Biological process / Cellular component organization / Actin filament organization
GO:0007417 / Biological process / Multicellular organismal process / Central nervous system development
GO:0007448 / Biological process / Multicellular organismal process / Anterior/posterior pattern specification, imaginal disc
GO:0007449 / Biological process / Multicellular organismal process / Proximal/distal pattern formation, imaginal disc
GO:0007450 / Biological process / Multicellular organismal process / Dorsal/ventral pattern formation, imaginal disc
GO:0007472 / Biological process / Multicellular organismal process / Wing disc morphogenesis
GO:0010948 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Negative regulation of cell cycle process
GO:0016310 / Biological process / Cellular process / Phosphorylation
GO:0035168 / Biological process / Cellular process / Larval lymph gland hemocyte differentiation
GO:0035567 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Non-canonical wnt receptor signaling pathway
GO:0042127 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0042688 / Biological process / Cellular process / Crystal cell differentiation
GO:0043066 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Negative regulation of apoptosis
GO:0043498 / Molecular function / Binding / Cell surface binding
GO:0044425 / Cellular component / Cell / Membrane part
GO:0046669 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death
GO:0048073 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Regulation of eye pigmentation
Wnt4 / GO:0000122 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Negative regulation of transcription from rna polymerase ii promoter
GO:0000904 / Biological process / Cellular component organization / Cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation
GO:0001664 / Molecular function / Binding / G-protein-coupled receptor binding
GO:0007267 / Biological process / Cellular process / Cell-cell signaling
GO:0007281 / Biological process / Cellular process / Germ cell development
GO:0009719 / Biological process / Response to stimulus / Response to endogenous stimulus
GO:0009790 / Biological process / Multicellular organismal process / Embryo development
GO:0010557 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process
GO:0016020 / Cellular component / Cell / Membrane
GO:0016055 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Wnt receptor signaling pathway
GO:0032342 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Aldosterone biosynthetic process
GO:0033077 / Biological process / Cellular process / T cell differentiation in thymus
GO:0035270 / Biological process / Multicellular organismal process / Endocrine system development
GO:0042692 / Biological process / Cellular process / Muscle cell differentiation
GO:0045597 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Positive regulation of cell differentiation
GO:0071363 / Biological process / Cellular process / Cellular response to growth factor stimulus
Wnt6 / GO:0031012 / Cellular component / Extracellular region / Extracellular matrix
GO:0035567 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Wnt receptor signaling pathway
GO:0043010 / Biological process / Multicellular organismal process / Camera-type eye development
GO:0043392 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Negative regulation of DNA binding
Wnt7 / GO:0001664 / Molecular function / Binding / G-protein-coupled receptor binding
GO:0005515 / Molecular function / Binding / Protein binding
GO:0016020 / Cellular component / Cell / Membrane
GO:0016055 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Wnt receptor signaling pathway
GO:0016337 / Biological process / Cellular process / Cell-cell adhesion
GO:0045597 / Biological process / Biological regulation / Positive regulation of cell differentiation
GO:0048513 / Biological process / Multicellular organismal process / Organ development
GO:0048588 / Biological process / Cellular process / Developmental cell growth
GO:0060541 / Biological process / Multicellular organismal process / Respiratory system development