1. Almost All Energy We Use Comes Originally from the ______

ENERGY NOTES

1. Almost all energy we use comes originally from the ______.

2. We use energy sources to generate ______.

3. There are ______types of energy -- stored (______) energy and working (______) energy.

4. ______,______and ______are the three major methods of heat transfer.
5. They are the three different ways that heat can ______.
6. Conduction is the ______of heat through an object.

7. When something is heated the atoms start to move ______.

8. As they move faster they ______with atoms next to them, which collide with atoms next to them.

9. This creates a ______that actually moves the heat along a path, outward from the starting point where the heat was added.

10. This is what's happening if you've ever set a ______on the ______.

11. The handle gets ______even though only the bottom touches the burner because the metal conducts the heat.

12. Convection is the transfer of heat energy by movement of ______.
13. It causes currents of warm and cool air to move and occurs in ______and ______.

You may have heard of the phrase “hot air rises”.

14. This is ______.

15. ______leaves a coffee cup as the currents of steam and air rise.

16. The ______moves with the fluid.

17. Radiation has to do with ______.

18. One of the most important types of radiation we receive on earth is from the ______.

19. The sun sends ______of heat through ______to warm our planet.

20. The ______that you see is actually made up of ______.

21.When something is hot, like the burner on your stove, it releases some of its ______in the form of waves.

22. The waves travel through the air until they ______something, which gets ______up.

23. This is why you can feel the heat from your stove even if your hand ______actually touching it.
24. The burner literally '______' heat.

25. The different forms of energy are stored in ______ways.

26. Electrical energy cannot be stored ______.
27. Electrical energy can be indirectly stored by ______the electrical energy to some other form of energy ("______" energy).

28. When a supply of electrical energy is required, the ______energy is ______back to ______energy.

29. Large quantities of "storage" energy are ______to store and reconvert.

30. Energy sources are divided into ______groups – ______(energy we can use over and over again) and ______(energy that we are using up and cannot recreate in a short period of time).

31. Renewable energy sources include ______, ______, ______, and ______.

32. Another nonrenewable energy source is the element ______, whose atoms we split (through a process called nuclear fission) to create ______energy.

NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY

33.Much of our current energy supply comes from ______, ______, ______, or ______elements.

34. They are considered ______because once they are removed from the ground and used, they are ______immediately replaced.

35. In fact, the world's natural gas, crude oil and coal deposits took ______of years to form

36. ______energy refers to sources of energy that are ______there.

37. You might think that we would be tapping these energy resources, but there is a ______.

38. While the energy is there, the ______of getting it is actually ______than using our more popular energy sources of fossil fuels and uranium.

39. An important advantage of renewable energy is that it produces much less ______.

RENEWABLE ENERGY

40.______sources of energy can be used over and over again

41. Renewable resources include ______, ______, ______, ______and ______.

42. ______energy comes from the sun.

43. Some people use solar ______on their homes to convert ______into ______

44. ______turbines like giant ______, generate electricity.

45. ______energy comes from the Earth's crust.

46. Engineers extract ______or very ______water from the Earth's crust and use the steam to generate ______.

47. ______includes natural products such as ______, ______, and ______.

48. These materials are ______and used for heat.

49. Dams and rivers generate ______.
50. When water flows through a ______it activates a ______, which runs an electric ______.

51. Our earth's interior - like the ______- provides ______energy from nature.

52. This heat - geothermal energy - yields warmth and power that we can use without ______the environment.

53. Geothermal energy is residual heat of the ______.

54. The heat from the earth's core ______flows outward.
55. This natural energy heats ______trapped under the ground and releases it as steam or hot water.
56. Today we drill ______into the geothermal reservoirs to bring this hot water to the surface.

57. The hot water or steam can be used directly to ______and ______homes or it can be changed into electricity.

BIOMASS

58.The term "biomass" refers to any form of ______or ______.

59. In the energy industry, biomass refers to ______, ______, ______waste products such as manure, and other ______materials that contain stored energy.

60The energy stored in biomass can be released by ______the material directly, or by feeding it to ______that use it to make ______, a form of natural gas.

Hydropower

61. ______means water. So, hydropower is "______."

62. Hydroelectric power, a ______resource, is generated when hydraulic ______are turned by the force of ______as it flows through a turbine.

63. The water typically flows from a ______to a ______elevation.

64. These turbines are connected to electrical ______, which produce the ______.

SOLAR THERMAL ENERGY

65. The sun's heat can be used in ______ways
66. The sun can ______for domestic hot water systems, or the sun's light can be concentrated and water temperatures increased to make ______and ______.

67. These solar thermal power plants rely upon ______that concentrate sunlight.

68. The sun heats a ______that creates steam to turn a traditional turbine.

WIND ENERGY

69.Wind is created because of different heating of ______and ______areas by the sun creating movement of air from one area to another.

70. Man has been using the wind to do work for ______of years.

71. The ______energy of the wind can be changed into other forms of energy, either ______energy or ______energy.

72. Wind energy has been used for many years to ______from wells and ______to make flour.

73. Windmills can be connected to a shaft which in turn is connected to a ______to make ______.

NuclearEnergy

74.Nuclear power plants provide about ______percent of the world's electricity.
75. Nuclear power is generated using ______, which is a ______mined in various parts of the world.
76. Nuclear power stations work in pretty much the same way as fossil fuel-burning stations, except that a "______" inside a nuclear ______makes the heat instead.

77. The reactor uses ______rods as fuel, and the heat is generated by ______.

78. ______smash into the nucleus of the uranium atoms, which split roughly in half and release energy in the form of heat.
79. This heat turns the water into ______.
80. Then the steam drives ______which drive ______and produces electricity.
81. Modern nuclear power stations use the same type of turbines and generators as ______power stations.
82. If the rods become ______by water, deadly ______is released into the ______and contaminates the area surrounding the plants for miles.

83. ______energy can be transformed into ______energy or ______energy.

Examples include wind turbines (electrical energy) and refrigerators (thermal energy).

84. ______energy can be transformed into ______energy (using an elevator) or ______energy (by using a space heater).