PH707 - Homework #2

Hiya Mahmassani

10/05/2015

Research question: What are the effects of a vegetarian diet on cardiovascular disease risk in older adults?

Terms for Populations/Clinical Settings / Terms for Interventions/Exposures / Terms for Comparators/Controls / Terms for Outcomes
Older adults
Elderly
Aging / Vegetarian diet
Vegetarianism
Vegan diet
Lacto-vegetarian
Ovo-vegetarian
Ovo-lactovegetarian
Lacto-ovovegetarian / Non-vegetarians
Omnivores / Cardiovascular diseases
Heart diseases
Cardiovascular health

Preliminary search strategy:

Database: PubMed

Search string:

(((((((((((((((vegetarian diet[MeSH Terms]) OR "vegetarian") OR "vegetarian diet") OR "vegan") OR "vegan diet") OR "vegetarianism") OR "lacto vegetarian") OR "lacto-vegetarian") OR "ovo vegetarian") OR "ovo-vegetarian") OR "lacto-ovo vegetarian") OR "lacto-ovovegetarian") OR "macrobiotic diet")) AND ((((cardiovascular disease[MeSH Terms]) OR "cardiovascular disease") OR "heart disease") OR "cardiovascular health")) AND (((((elderly[MeSH Terms]) OR "elderly") OR "older adults") OR "aging"))

è  provided 149 results

After applying the filters Species: Humans and Language: English

è  provided 137 results

Eligibility criteria:

Inclusion criteria

Main outcome is cardiovascular disease or risk factors of cardiovascular disease/health

Main exposure/ intervention is a vegetarian diet

Participants should be >=65 years old

Study design is analytical (experimental: RCT ; observational: cohort, cross-sectional, case-control)

Exclusion criteria

Main outcome is mortality

Studies where the exposure/ intervention is not a vegetarian diet

Studies with participants less than 65 years old

Descriptive studies, case reports, reviews, editorials, lectures..

Table Eligibility Criteria and Abstract Screening:

Eligibility Criteria / Population / >=65 years old
Intervention or Exposure / Vegetarian diet
Comparator / Non-vegetarian diets (omnivores)
Outcome / Cardiovascular health/disease
Study Design / All analytic studies (experimental or observational)
Citation / Eligible? / If not eligible, what is the major reason for rejection?
Nongnuch A, Davenport A. The effect of vegetarian diet on skin autofluorescence measurements in haemodialysis patients. Br J Nutr. 2015 Apr 14; 113(7):1040-3. doi: 10.1017/S0007114515000379. / No / The main outcome is not cardiovascular disease
McDougall J, Thomas LE, McDougall C, Moloney G, Saul B, Finnell JS, Richardson K, Petersen KM. Effects of 7days on an ad libitum low-fat vegan diet: the McDougall Program cohort. Nutr J. 2014 Oct 14; 13:99. doi:10.1186/1475-2891-13-99. / Unsure / The age of the participants is not provided in the abstract
Waleed M, Raza A, Minhaj T, Houghton T. Left main stem/LCA arising from right coronary sinus with an interarterial course. BMJ Case Rep. 2014 Jul 11;2014. pii:bcr2014203780. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2014-203780. / No / The study is a case report
Sanders TA. Plant compared with marine n-3 fatty acid effects on cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes: what is the verdict? Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jul;100 Suppl 1:453S-8S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.071555. / No / The study is a review
Orlich MJ, Fraser GE. Vegetarian diets in the Adventist Health Study 2: a review of initial published findings. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jul;100 Suppl1:353S-8S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.071233. / No / The study is a review
Martínez-González MA, Sánchez-Tainta A, Corella D, Salas-Salvadó J, Ros E, Arós F, Gómez-Gracia E, Fiol M, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Schröder H, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem L, Pinto X, Ruiz-Gutierrez V, Estruch R; PREDIMED Group. A provegetarian food pattern and reduction in total mortality in the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jul;100 Suppl1:320S-8S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.071431. / No / The main outcome is all-cause mortality
Huang YW, Jian ZH, Chang HC, Nfor ON, Ko PC, Lung CC, Lin LY, Ho CC, ChiangYC, Liaw YP. Vegan diet and blood lipid profiles: a cross-sectional study of pre and postmenopausal women. BMC Womens Health. 2014 Apr 8;14:55. doi:10.1186/1472-6874-14-55. / Yes
Fraser G, Katuli S, Anousheh R, Knutsen S, Herring P, Fan J. Vegetarian diets and cardiovascular risk factors in black members of the Adventist Health Study-2. Public Health Nutr. 2015 Feb;18(3):537-45. doi: 10.1017/S1368980014000263. / Unsure / The age of the participants is not provided in the abstract
Gadgil MD, Anderson CA, Kandula NR, Kanaya AM. Dietary patterns in Asian Indians in the United States: an analysis of the metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014 Feb;114(2):238-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2013.09.021. / Yes
Rizza W, Veronese N, Fontana L. What are the roles of calorie restriction and diet quality in promoting healthy longevity? Ageing Res Rev. 2014 Jan;13:38 45. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2013.11.002. / No / The exposure is calorie restriction not vegetarian diet and the study is a review

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