3
Historical Studies 445-L01 The University of Calgary
Instructor: Dr. D.B. Smith 2007-2008 Academic Year
Office: SS 646 Winter Session
Telephone: 220-6405
Office Hours: Monday and Wednesday 2-3 and by appointment
E-mail:
Class Times: MWF 13:00- 13:50
HISTORY OF QUEBEC
A general history of Quebec covering from the French Regime to the present-day, with particular emphasis on the development of French Canadian nationalism, and the Quebec/Canada relationship.
GRADING
To pass this course students must complete ALL requirements (biographical essay, midterm test, term paper, and final exam). The biographical essay and the tem paper are due in class on the day indicated.
Mid-term Test Friday, February 8, 2006 15%
Biographical Essay Wednesday, February 27, 2006 15%
Term Paper Wednesday, March 26, 2006 30%
Final Exam To be scheduled by Registrar (2 hours) 40%
TEXTS
Bothwell, Robert, Canada and Quebec, One Country, Two Histories
Dickinson, John A. and Brian Young, A Short History of Quebec, 3rd edition
Mann, Susan, The Dream of Nation. A social and intellectual history of Quebec
RESERVE READINGS
Behiels, M.D., ed., Quebec Since 1945: Selected Readings
Behiels, M.D., ed., Quebec since 1800
Bradbury, B. Working Families: Age, Gender, and Daily Survival in Industrializing Montreal
Danylewycz, M., Taking the Veil. An Alternative to Marriage, Motherhood and Spinsterhood in Quebec, 1840-1920
Dumont, M. et al., Quebec Women. A History
Francis, Douglas R., Richard Jones, and Donald B. Smith, Origins. Canadian History to Confederation
Gagnon, Alain-G. ed., Quebec. State and Society, 3rd ed.
Institute for Research on Public Policy, ed., As I Recall/Si je me souviens bien. Historical Perspectives
Linteau, P.-A., Quebec: A History 1867-1929
Linteau, P.-A., Quebec Since 1930. A History
McRoberts, K., Quebec, Social Change and Political Crisis. Most recent edition (1993)
Miquelon, D., ed., Society and Conquest
Rudin, R., The Forgotten Quebecers. A History of English-Speaking Quebec
Schull, J., Rebellion 1837
Wade, Mason, The French Canadians. Two volumes
LECTURE TOPICS
New France: A Brief Survey
The Seven Years' War and the Fall of New France
The Immediate Significance of the Conquest
Quebec and the American Revolution
The Birth of Nationalism
The Rebellions of 1837-38 and Their Consequences
French Canada and Confederation
Industrialization and Clerical Nationalism
Quebec's Response to the New Imperialism
French Canadians Outside of Quebec
Women in Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Quebec
The Conscription Crisis of World War One
Economic and Political Developments, l9l9-l939
Quebec in World War Two
The Breaking Down of the Monopolies of the Catholic Church, l940s-l950s
The Quiet Revolution: Changes in the Quebec State, l960-l970
Cultural Duality at the Federal Level and the Rise of Separatism, l970-l980
The Future of French-speaking Minorities Outside of Quebec
Anglophone, “Allophone”, and First Nation communities within Quebec
The Quebec Referendum, 1995
Quebec and Canada Today
Mid-Term Test (Friday, February 8, 2008) 15%
Students will answer one of three essay type questions, all based on the material covered in the texts and in the lectures to the mid-term. The test will be fifty minutes.
Biographical Essay (Wednesday, February 27, 2008) 15%
The essay, 1200 to 1500 words, or four to five typed, double-spaced pages, must include footnotes/ or endnotes, and a bibliography (at least four major books and/ or articles on the selected individual’s life and times). For all figures who died before 1920, students should include the entry from the Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vols. 1 to 15 (1966-2005), available on the Web <www.biographi.ca> The biographical essay should be based on a thorough reading and analysis of an important figure in the history of New France or Quebec. In marking your paper I will look particularly for the extent of your research into the biographical and historical literature on your chosen subject, a thesis statement that you argue throughout, and good analysis. The History Department Home Page (http://www.ucalgary.ca/HIST/) contains the “Essay Guide” (also available in print), and the “Writing Tutor”, both useful guides for the preparation of your essays.
As possible subjects for your bibliographical essays the following names are provided. On each of these individuals ample biographical books and articles exist-- as well as studies of the period of Canadian history in which the person lived. With prior consent of the instructor, students can compare two important biographical figures, for example, Wolfe and Montcalm. In consultation with the instructor students are encouraged to work on a subject of their own choice-- “new” topics are to be approved in consultation with the instructor. Students are to select different time periods for their biographical essays and term papers,
FRANCE IN NORTH AMERICA
Jacques Cartier, Samuel de Champlain, Marie de l’Incarnation, Marguerite Bourgeoys (knowledge of French needed), Jean de Brébeuf, Count Frontenac, Marquis de Montcalm
THE BRITISH COLONIAL PERIOD
James Wolfe, Guy Carleton, George-Etienne Cartier, Alexander Tilloch Galt, Thomas D’Arcy McGee, Louis-Joseph Papineau (knowledge of French needed),
QUEBEC POLITICS
Wilfrid Laurier, Honoré Mercier (knowledge of French needed), Henri Bourassa, Lionel Groulx (knowledge of French needed), Maurice Duplessis, Thérèse Casgrain, Jean Lesage, Pierre-Elliot Trudeau, René Lévesque, Lucien Bouchard
BUSINESS
George Stephen, Donald Alexander Smith, Alphonse Desjardins (knowledge of French necessary), Samuel Bronfman
ARTS AND LETTERS
Cornelius Kreighoff, Louis Fréchette (knowledge of French necessary), Stephen Leacock, Paul-Emile Borduas (knowledge of French necessary), Gabrielle Roy, Felix Leclerc (knowledge of French needed), Gilles Vigenault (knowledge of French needed)
RELIGION
Ignace Bourget (knowledge of French needed), Charles Chiniquy (knowledge of French needed)
Term Paper (Due in class, Wednesday, March 26, 2008) 30%
The term paper, 2000 to 2500 words, eight to ten double-spaced pages, must include footnotes/or endnotes, and a bibliography (at least six major books and /or articles on the selected topic). Students are to select different time periods for their biographical essays and term papers.
In marking your term paper I will review the extent of your research into the historical literature on your chosen topic. I will look as well for your thesis statement that you are to argue throughout your text. The History Department Home Page http://www.hist.ucalgary.ca contains the “Essay Guide” (also available in print), and the “Writing Tutor”, both useful guides for the preparation of your essays. A bibliography and suggested essay topics follow.
Students are encouraged to propose their own topics for essays, but if you do so, you must do so in consultation with me, and present a one-paragraph outline by February 25th, the end of study week.
Final Exam (To be Scheduled by the Registrar) 40%
The final exam will be two hours long. It will review the material from the mid-term to the end of the course. Students will choose two questions to answer from a list of at least five.
Plagiarism
Plagiarism occurs when one submits or presents one’s work in a course, or ideas and/or passages in a written piece of work, as if it were one’s own work done expressly for that particular course, when, in fact, it’s not.
As noted in the Department of History Guide to Essay Presentation, plagiarism may take several forms:
(a) Failure to cite sources properly may be considered plagiarism. This could include quotations, ideas, and wording used from another source but not acknowledged.
(b) Borrowed, purchased, and / or ghostwritten papers are considered plagiarism, as is submitting one’s own work for more than one course without the permission of the instructor(s) involved.
(c) Extensive paraphrasing of one or a few sources is also considered plagiarism, even when notes are used, unless the essay is a critical analysis of those works. The use of notes does not justify the sustained presentation of another author’s language and ideas as one’s own.
Plagiarism is a serious academic offence. A plagiarized paper will automatically be failed. Plagiarism may also result in a failing grade for the entire course and other penalties as noted in The University of Calgary Calendar.
SAFEWALK/CAMPUS SECURITY: 220-5333
ASSIGNED READINGS
Readings to be completed by the indicated date
WEEK ONE New France
January 18 Short History, 3-105; Dream, ch. 1
WEEK TWO Quebec Immediately After the Conquest
January 25 Short History, 3-105; Dream, chs. 2-3
WEEK THREE Birth of French Canadian Nationalism
February 1 Dream, ch. 4
WEEK FOUR Background to the Rebellions of 1837-38
February 8 Short History, 106-197; Dream, ch. 5.
MID-TERM Friday February 8
WEEK FIVE The Impact of the Union of the Canadas and of Confederation on
February 15 Quebec
Short History, 106-197; Bothwell, ch. 2; Dream, chs. 6-7
Study Week is from February 16 to 23
WEEK SIX Women in Quebec in the 19th and Early 20th Centuries
February 29 Short History, 238-270; Dream, chs. 8, 12
BIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY due in class, Wednesday February 27
WEEK SEVEN Quebec-- At the turn of the century
March 7 Short History, 198-237; Bothwell, chs.3-4; Dream, chs. 9-11
WEEK EIGHT World War One and its Aftermath
March 14 Dream, chs. 13-14
WEEK NINE The Depression and World War Two
March 19 Dream, chs. 15-16
No class on Friday March 21, Good Friday
WEEKS TEN AND ELEVEN From World War Two to the Quiet Revolution
March 28 Short History, 271-344; Bothwell, chs. 5-6; Dream, chs. 17-18
TERM PAPERS due in class, Wednesday March 26
WEEK TWELVE The Quiet Revolution’s Aftermath
April 11 Short History, 345-375; Bothwell, chs. 7-8; Dream, ch. 19
WEEK THIRTEEN The Referendums of 1980 and 1995
April 18 Bothwell, chs. 9-12; Dream, ch. 20
SUGGESTED TERM PAPER TOPICS
Students are encouraged to propose their own term paper topics, but, if they choose to must do so in consultation with me, by the end of study week, February 25. A one-paragraph summary will suffice. Students must prepare their term papers on a topic in a different time period than that selected for their biographical essay.
1. Who was the greater general: Montcalm? or Wolfe?
2. Did the British Conquest catapult the Roman Catholic clergy into positions of power and prestige that it had never known during the French Regime?
3. Was Lord Durham correct? Were the Rebellions of 1837/38 a war between "two races"?
4. Was the Union of the Canadas a disaster, economically and politically, for the French Canadians of the St. Lawrence valley?
5. What was George-Etienne Cartier's contribution to Quebec’s entry into Confederation?
6. Why did so many French Canadian women enter religious orders in Quebec in the late nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries?
7. What was the impact of the Roman Catholic Church's control over education in Quebec (in the late 19th and early 20th centuries) on the development of Francophone Quebec?
8. Compare Wilfrid Laurier's and Henri Bourassa's views on imperialism.
9. Why did the French Canadians play only a minor role in the ownership of Quebec's economy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?
10. Did Maurice Duplessis make any positive contributions to the development of Quebec?
11. Was Henri Bourassa justified in his opposition to Conscription in 1917?
12. When did Quebec's "Quiet Revolution" begin? And when did it end?
13. What role did the immigration issue play in Quebec politics from the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s?
14. How did Parti Québécois come to power in Quebec in 1976?
15. Compare the history of the English-speaking minority in Quebec with that of the French-speaking minority on the Canadian prairies in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
16. Why did the James Bay Cree sign the James Bay Treaty in 1975?
17. Why did the Quebec referendum of 1980, on the question of seeking "sovereignty-association" with Canada, fail?
BIBLIOGRAPHY
For additional sources consult your texts, John A. Dickinson and Brian Young, A Short History of Quebec, 3rd Edition; and Susan Mann, Dream of Nation.
Students are encouraged to propose their own topics for essays, but if you do so, you must discuss the proposal with me first, and present a short outline by February 25th, the end of study week.
TOPICS
1 & 2 Quebec Immediately Before and After the Conquest
Armstrong, R., Structure and Change. An Economic History of Quebec
Brunet, M., Les Canadiens après la conquête
Brunet, M., French Canada and the Early Decades of British Rule, 1760-1791, Canadian Historical Association (CHA) Pamphlet
Burt, A.L., The Old Province of Quebec, 2 v.
Desbarats, C., "Agriculture within the Seigneurial Regime of Eighteenth Century Canada: Some Thoughts on the Recent Literature," Canadian Historical Review, 73, 1(1992): 1-29
Dictionary of Canadian Biography vol. 3, 1741-1770, xv-xxx (essays by W.J. Eccles and C.P. Stacey on French and British forces in the 1750s)
Dumont, M., et al., Quebec Women. A History
Eccles, W.J., France in America
Eccles, W.J., Essays on New France, pp. 26-37
Fregault, G., "Preface and Conclusion," Canada: The War of the Conquest
Greer, Allan, The People of New France
Igartua, J., "A Change in Climate. The Conquest and the Marchands of Montreal," Canadian Historical Association, Historical Papers, 1974, pp. 115-134.
Jaenen, C., The Role of the Church in New France
Johnston, A.J.B., Religion in Life at Louisbourg, 1713-1758
Lanctot, G., Canada and the American Revolution
Miquelon, D., ed., Society and Conquest
Miquelon, D., The First Canada: to 1791
Neatby, H., Quebec, 1760-1791
Nish, C., ed., The French Canadians, 1759-1766
Ouellet, F., Economy, Class and Nation in Quebec: Interpretative Essays
Ouellet, F., Economic and Social History of Quebec, 1760-1850
Rawlyk, G.A., Revolution Rejected, 1775-1776
Ruddel, D.T., Quebec City, 1765-1832
Stacey, C.P., Quebec, 1759
Stanley, G., New France: The Last Phase, 1744-1760
Stanley G., Canada Invaded, 1775-1776
Steele, I.K., Guerillas and Grenadiers
Tousignnant, P., "The Integration of the Province of Quebec in the British Empire," Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 4; 1771-1800, pp. xxxii-xlix.
Trudel, M., An Initiation to New France
Vachon, A., "The Administration of New France," Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 2: 1700-1740, pp. xv-xxv.
Wallot, Jean-Pierre, "Religion and French-Canadian Mores in the Early Nineteenth Century," Canadian Historical Review, 52 (1971): 51-91
3 Lower Canada, 1791-1841
Armstrong, R., Structure and Change. An Economic History of Quebec
Bernard, J.P., Les rébellions de 1837 et 1838