7th Grade Science Chapter 8 Questions
1)What do we call the branch of science which studies earthquakes and who are the people that study them?
2)What are tectonic plates and why do scientists study them?
3)What are faults and why do earthquakes occur along faults?
4)Where do strike-slip faults occur along?
5)What is deformation and what causes it?
6)What are the 2 ways in which rock deforms? Compare and contrast them.
7)What is elastic rebound? Think of the rubber band example. Why does this type of rebound cause earthquakes?
8)Energy is released as ______occurs.
9)TSMS = ? What do you think this stands for?
What about CRSD?
DNWS?
10)What is transform motion?
11)Where does convergent motion occur?
12)What is divergent motion?
13)Convergent motion creates what type of fault?
14)What are seismic waves?
15)Name and compare the 2 types of seismic waves that travel through the Earth’s interior.
16)Name the 2 types of Body waves and compare how they are similar and different.
17)The last seismic waves to arrive are what?
18)Where do most earthquakes occur?
19)What directly causes earthquakes to occur?
20)What are surface waves?
21)Compare P waves, S waves, and Surface waves. How are the alike and how are they different?
22)Compare a seismograph to a seismogram.
23)What is a focus and what is an epicenter, name their differences.
24)What is the most common method for finding the epicenter of an earthquake and describe how this method works.
25)How do scientists measure the strength of an earthquake?
26)An earthquake measuring 2.0 is considered to be stronger or weaker than a quake measuring 7.0?
27)Studying earthquake waves currently allows seismologists to do all of the following except?
- Determine when an earthquake started
- Learn about the Earth’s interior
- Decrease an earthquakes strength
- Determine where an earthquake started
28)What would happen to S waves in a planet that has a liquid core?
29)What is the amount of energy released by a 3.0 earthquake on the Richter scale vs. a 2.0 earthquake?
Chapter 8, section 3
30)What is “earthquake hazard”? How do seismologists make a determination?
31)Which earthquake forecast predicts a more precise location – a forecast based on the relationship between strength and frequency or a forecast based on the gap hypothesis?
32)Which area of the country has the highest earthquake hazard?
33)How do seismologists predict strength and frequency of earthquakes?
34)What is the gap hypothesis?
35)What is the gap hypothesis used for?
36)What are seismic gaps?
37)What is a mass damper?
38)What are cross-braces?
39)Why do engineers use flexible pipes?
40)What are base isolators used for?
41)What are active tendon systems?
42)What are things that someone should do to earthquake proof a home?
43)Name 5 things that you should store in case of an earthquake?
44)What is the best thing to do when an earthquake happens?
45)What should you do if you are in your car when an earthquake happens?
Chapter 8, sec. 4
46)By studying seismic waves scientists have learned a lot about the Earth’s interior. One thing they have discovered is the Moho. What is the Moho?
47)What is the shadow zone?
48)What have seismologists discovered by studying seismic waves and the moon?
Mars?
The sun?
49)Studying earthquake waves currently allows seismologists to do all of the following, except? a. determine when an earthquake started
b. learn about the Earth’s interior
c. decrease an earthquake’s strength
d. determine where an earthquake started