Name ______Date ______Period ______

Cell Reproduction Review

Explain what is occurring in each part of the cell cycle --- G0, G1, S, G2, and M.

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CELL DIVISION

Label all parts of each cell in the cell cycle and explain what is occurring at each stage.

Stage (Label all structures) / What's occurring?
INTERPHASE
PROPHASE
METAPHASE
Stage (Label all structures) / What's occurring?

ANAPHASE

TELOPHASE
CYTOKINESIS

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MITOSIS
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Circle the letter of the answer that best completes the statement.

  1. DNA that is spread out in a non-dividing cell is called ______.
  2. chromosomes
  3. chromatin
  1. The two copies of each chromosome that are the same size, same shape, and carry genes for the same traits are called ______chromosomes.
  2. maternal
  3. paternal
  4. heterozygous
  5. homologous
  1. Bacteria reproduce using ______.
  2. mitosis
  3. meiosis
  4. binary fission
  5. binary duplication
  1. As a cell grows in size, which increases more rapidly?
  2. its volume
  3. its surface area
  1. The two chromatid arms on a chromosome are ______.
  2. identical copies
  3. similar but not identical
  1. Homologous chromosomes are ______.
  2. identical copies
  3. similar but not identical
  1. Cells spend most of their lifetime in ______phase of interphase.
  2. Mitosis
  3. S
  4. G1
  5. G2

MATCHING: Match the vocabulary word with its definition:

  1. _____framework of microtubules to which chromosomes attach during cell division to pull them to the poles
/ A. Chromatid
  1. _____paired structures that appear next to the nucleus during prophase to separate chromosomes
/ B. Centriole
  1. _____ constricted area in a pair of chromosomes that holds the two chromatids together
/ C. Centromere
  1. _____region where the centrioles are located
/ D. Centrosome
  1. _____ one of the two homologous strands of a chromosome
/ E. Spindle

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MATCH THE PHASE WITH WHAT HAPPENS:

You CAN use them more than once

S G1 G2 G0 Mitosis (M) Cytokinesis(C)

______Cells leave the cell cycle and stop dividing

______Division of chromosomes happens

______Division of cytoplasm happens

______Cell makes the molecules and organelles needed for cell division

______Made up of telophase, anaphase, prophase, metaphase

______Cell is reading the DNA code and “doing its job”

______Cell makes a copy of its DNA

Tell how cell division in PROKARYOTES is different from EUKARYOTES.

______

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MATCH THE PHASE WITH WHAT HAPPENS:

You CAN use them more than once!

Interphase (I) Prophase (P) Cytokinesis (C) Anaphase(A)

Telophase (T) Metaphase (M)

______1. DNA is all spread out as chromatin and nuclear membrane is visible

______2.DNA scrunches up and chromosomes are first visible

______3.Chromosomes line up in middle of cell

______4.DNA is copied and cell prepares to divide

______5. Chromatid arms separate and move to opposite ends of the cell

______6. Nuclear membrane & nucleolus disappear

______7. Two nuclei are visible

______8. First dividing phase

______9. Made up of G1, S, G2

______10. Centrioles & spindle fibers appear next to nucleus

______11.Cytoplasm is split between two cells

______12. Spindle fibers and centrioles disappear

______13.Chromosomes unwind into chromatin & nucleus returns

What Does it Start with?

  1. Cell division in eukaryotes consists of two parts: M ______which divides the chromosomes and C ______which divides the cytoplasm.
  1. Bacteria divide using B ______F ______instead of mitosis.
  1. In M ______a cell divides once to produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell; In M ______a cell divides twice to produce four genetically different daughter cells with one-half the number of chromosomes of a body cell,
  1. A C ______is made up of two
    C ______arms joined in the middle by a
    C ______.
  1. G1, S, and G2 combine to make up I ______, the non-dividing phase of the cell cycle.
  1. When cells like nerve cells are in G0 , they leave the cell cycle and
    S ______dividing.
  1. DNA is copied during the S ______or S phase of interphase.
  1. P ______is the first phase of mitosis during which
    C ______scrunches into chromosomes, the
    S ______fibers appear to pull the chromosomes apart, and the
    N ______M ______and the
    N ______fragment and disappear.
  1. During M ______the chromosomes line up along the center of the cell.
  1. In A ______the chromatid arms separate and move to opposite ends of the cell.
  1. T ______is also called reverse P ______because all of the events that happen in prophase are “undone” in telophase.
  1. H ______chromosomes are the same size and the same shape and carry genes for the same traits but are NOT identical.
  1. The region near the nucleus where the centrioles are found that helps organize the spindle fibers during cell division is called the
    C ______.
  1. C ______are log-like structures that appear near the nucleus during cell division in an animal cell and move to opposite poles to pull the chromosomes apart.
  1. The S ______fibers are made of
    M ______and connect each chromosome to the centrioles.
  1. DNA and its attached proteins is spread out in the nucleus of non-dividing cells, it is called C ______.
  2. When DNA is scrunched up in dividing cells it is called
    C ______.
  1. The disease in which one of the body’s own cells loses the ability to control division= C ______
  1. When animal cells undergo cytokinesis they use a C ______
    F ______to split their cytoplasm, but plant cells use
    a C ______P ______because their cell wall keeps them from pinching.
  1. The repeating steps a cell goes through during its lifetime are called
    the C ______C ______.

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EVENTS of the CELL CYCLE

The parts of the cell cycle are interphase (G1, S, and G2), mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase), and cytokinesis. The following events occur in these phases. Write the correct name for the part of the cell cycle in which each event occurs.

______1. DNA is replicated

______2. Most protein synthesis occurs in a cell

______3. Microtubules form the spindle

______4. In animal cells the centrioles separate

______5. Cell plate forms from membranes of the ER in plant cells

______6. Cell matures and carries on its normal activities

______7. Animal cell pinches together at the center

______8. Cleavage furrow forms in animal cells

______9. The cell prepares for cell division by making more cytoplasm, proteins, and organelles

______10. The nucleolus begins to break down and disappear

______11. Nuclear envelope reforms from the ER

______12. Chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell

______13. Non-dividing cells may leave this phase and enter the G0 phase

______14. Sister chromatids are separated and pulled to the poles

______15. The nucleolus reforms and becomes visible inside the nucleus again

______16. The spindle is broken down

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MEIOSIS

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Circle the letter of the answer that best completes the statement.

  1. ______is a kind of cell division that produces haploid cells with ½ the number of chromosomes of the parent cell.
  2. A, mitosis
  3. B. meiosis
  1. Cells undergo meiosis to ______.
  2. grow bigger
  3. repair injuries
  4. replaces worn out cells
  5. makes gametes
  1. The pairing up of homologous chromosomes during meiosis is called ______.
  2. crossing over
  3. synapsis
  4. independent assortment
  5. binary fission
  1. The group of 4 chromatids that forms during synapsis is called a ______.

A. biad

B. triad

C. tetrad

D. quadrad

  1. The exchange of genetic material between arms of homologous chromosomes is called
  2. synapsis
  3. independent assortment
  4. asexual reproduction
  5. crossing over
  1. The pairing up of maternal and paternal chromosomes (synapsis) during meiosis happens in ______.
  2. prophase I
  3. metaphase I
  4. prophase II
  5. interphase II
  1. During meiosis, crossing over happens in ______.
  2. prophase I
  3. metaphase I
  4. prophase II
  5. interphase II
  1. During meiosis, independent assortment happens in ______.
  2. metaphase I
  3. anaphase I
  4. anaphase II
  5. telophase II
  6. In MEIOSIS a 2n parent cell divides to produce ______.
  7. Four identical 2n cells
  8. Two identical 2n cells
  9. Two identical 1n cells
  10. Four different 1n cells
  1. During oogenesis, the cytoplasm is divided UNEVENLY so that only one mature egg is produced along with three ______.
  2. polar bodies
  3. diploid cells
  4. zygotes
  5. spermatids
  1. The production of mature sperm cells is called ______.
  2. oogenesis
  3. spermo-synthesis
  4. spermosis
  5. spermatogenesis
  1. The random separation of maternal and paternal chromosomes during anaphase I

is called ______.

  1. crossing over
  2. polarization
  3. independent assortment
  4. spermatogenesis
  1. The production of offspring from one parent without joining gametes is called ______reproduction.
  2. sexual
  3. asexual

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TRUE or FALSE

Circle T if the statement is TRUE.

Circle F if the statement is FALSE.

If it is FALSE, MAKE CORRECTIONS to the underlined word(s) to make the statement true.

TFOffspring from asexual reproduction are genetically identical to the parent.

TFPolar bodies go on to become eggs.

TFThe 2nd division in meiosis is a mitosis division without copying the DNA 1st.

TFIn humans, meiosis occurs in the testes and ovaries.

TFGametes produced in meiosis are identical to each other, but different from

the parent cell.

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NAME two processes that happen during meiosis which result in genetic recombination so that the 4 daughter cells have different DNA from each other and from the parent cell.

______

______

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Complete the following table comparing mitosis with meiosis.

Mitosis / Meiosis
Number of Divisions?
Number of cells produced?
Chromosome number? / 2n ? / 2n ?
Used by what type cells?
Cells produced diploid or haploid?
Name of phases?

Modified from:

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