Cells Test: Structure, Function, and Basic Operations

Holt Science & Technology Life Science, Chapter 3 and Chapter 4: Sections 1 and 2

“Genius is 99% perspiration and 1% inspiration” ~Thomas Edison

Disclaimer: Anything listed on this sheet is fair game for the test. It may not appear in the exact words, or in this order, and some things may be omitted on the actual test.

I will focus on your understanding of difficult concepts. This means I will most likely give you hypothetical, real world situations or examples and ask you to explain what is happening.

I am giving this to you ahead of time so that you can ask questions on anything you are confused about.

Memorizing definitions without understanding them will not help you do well on the test. You must know how to apply the vocabulary to an example or situation.

Study your notes outlines for cells. I look at those when I am deciding how to write the test.

Vocabulary to Understand and Be Able to Apply and Identify in a Given Situation :

  • Be able to describe the three benefits of being multicellular.
  • Know how cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems are related.
  • Understand that cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems look different depending on the job they’re designed to do. (The structure and function of cells/tissues/organs are related.)
  • Diffusion – make sure you understand the lab we did with the food coloring and water. What was diffusing? (The food coloring.)
  • Osmosis – make sure that you understand the examples we talked about in class and that were given as homework (freshwater fish in salt water, blood cell put in pure water, blood cell put in salt water)
  • Know the difference between diffusion and osmosis.
  • Be able to describe the cell membrane. How does it make diffusion and osmosis possible?
  • Passive transport
  • Active transport
  • Endocytosis
  • Exocytosis
  • What types of transport require energy and what types don’t?
  • How do cells get energy?
  • Photosynthesis

Cells Test: Structure, Function, and Basic Operations (continued)

  • Why is photosynthesis important to you? (This isn’t an opinion question! It is important to you and I told you exactly why.) Be able to draw me a diagram explaining it.
  • What are chloroplasts for and how do they work?
  • What is cellular respiration? What types of cells utilize this method of obtaining energy?
  • What is fermentation? What types of cells utilize this method of obtaining energy and under what conditions is it utilized?
  • You DO NOT need to memorize the chemical equations for photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and fermentation, but you DO need to understand what they mean and be able to explain them when they are given to you.
  • What is a prokaryote?
  • What is a eukaryote?