International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR)

ISSN: 2321-0869, Volume-1, Issue-1, March 2013

AUTOMATED ENERGY CONSUMPTION REDUCTION AND POWER SAVING USING ZIGBEE COMMUNICATION.

Neha Borse ,Surya Amte ,Komal Yashambare

I.INTRODUCTION

The project “Automated energy consumption reduction & power saving by using Zigbee communication” provides the facility for the state electricity board to effectively manage the power distribution in the city. Each house will be having a control unit installed which will manage all the house hold appliances by using software programming and control. It will receive the commands from the state electricity board via Zigbee module. And accordingly it will take the necessary functions.This is very helpful for power distribution and reduction in power consumption which unnecessarily increases the load on state electricity board.

II.PROPOSED WORK

In this project ZigBee’s wireless open standard technology is being selected around the world as the energy management and efficiency technology of choice.We are managing the available power by using wireless sensor network working on Zigbee protocol. Each node is measuring the power, which is being consumed by the appliance. The appliance is controlled by the end device i.e. Node. An overall operation of the system controlled by the control device.

III.OBJECTIVE OF SYSTEM

In order to make equal distribution of power to all consumers sometimes load shading is done but it is not answer to such problem. By equally distributing and saving available energy we can also utilize it in more efficient way and hence there is no need of load shading. Main purpose of the project is that the wireless sensor network will differentiate and control the devices in the network on the basis of power consumed by appliances to make the efficient use of power.

Neha Borse, Electronics , AISSMS IOIT , Pune , India,

Mobile No.9762823199, (e-mail: ).

Surya Amte, Electronics , AISSMS IOIT , Pune , India ,

Mobile No.9422116802, (e-mail: ).

Komal yasambare, Electronics,AISSMS IOIT,Pune, India ,

Mobile No.9021309969, (e-mail: ).

IV.DESIGN OF SYSTEM

From the below figure the receiver section consist of UART,LCD display, micro-controller,ADC,Zigbee, energy meter, load Micro Controller interfaced with energy meter through opto-coupler. In this system microcontroller will count pulses from energy meter through opto-coupler. Frequency of the pulses depends on power consumption. Opto-coupler is added in between meter and controller to isolate high voltage and low voltage circuitry. The controller will count these pulses and accordingly calculate the number of units consumed by the user it provides commands to entire system, from microcontroller measured values is displays on LCD and compair it with the power consumption value received from Zigbee through UART. Zigbee is a wireless module which is used to transfer data from receiver to transmitter section.

Figure 1 Block diagram of receiver section

From the below figure on transmitter side there is one more Zigbee module is used , admin controller set a value through a PC this set value will transfer through RS 232 to Zigbee. And this value will transfer to receiver side Zigbee.

Figure 2 Block diagram of transmitter section

V.ABOUT ZIGBEE

Zigbee module is shown in figure 4.14. ZigBee is a protocol that uses the 802.15.4 standard as a baseline and adds additional routing and networking functionality.. ZigBee is designed to add mesh networking to the underlying 802.15.4 radio. Mesh networking is used in applications where the range between two points may be beyond the range of the two radios/routers located at those points, but intermediate routers are in place that could forward on any messages to and from the desired radios/routers/end devices.

As an example, in the figure above suppose you want to transmit data from point A to point B, but the distance was too great between the points. The message could be transmitted through point C and a few other radios to reach the destination. The ZigBee protocol is designed so that if a number of different radios were deployed as in the figure above, the radios would automatically form a network without user intervention. The ZigBee protocol within the radios will take care of retries, acknowledgements and data message routing. ZigBee also has the ability to self-heal the network..means if some intermediate radio stops working it itself will find a path for the data to reach the end device/controller through some other intermediate routers. This is exactly what is needed in a modern power control system.

VI.software design

  • FLOWCHART.

  • ALGORITHM:

STEP 1

Initialize arm in capture more.

STEP 2

Capture pin timer on.

STEP 3

Read the count value.

STEP 4

Display power consumption on LCD.

STEP 5

Initialize serial port

set baud rate.

set serial interrupts.

STEP 6

Wait for received data

if data received convert to decimal

Compare current and received value.

STEP 7

if current value > received value

Switch off low level devices,

else

User defined devices.

VII.OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS.

Every client side system will have power distribution unit, devices, LCD and zigbee module attached to a ARM controllerMicro Controller interfaced with energy meter through optocouplerIn this system microcontroller will count pulses from energy meter through optocoupler. Frequency of the pulses depends on power consumption. Optocoupler is added in between meter and controller to isolate high voltage and low voltage circuitry. The controller will count these pulses and accordingly calculate the number of units consumed.

The power consumption will be displayed on the LCD.

The admin will periodically send the power consumption value from server system using zigbee module. The admin controlled server system will contain a PC with a zigbee module attached; the server PC will periodically send the threshold power consumption value to all the client system in that particular area

If the power consumption value is more than a set value, th4e client system will turn OFF the high power consumption devices as defined in the program, and hence reducing the power consumption.

Steps for operation:

  • Connect the serial cable between the transmitter port and serial port of the computer.
  • Connnect the transformer wires to 230v ac supply.
  • Connect three loads ie. Bulbs of different watts eg: 60w,100w to the relays at the receiver side.
  • Switch on the system, a red led will glow on the transmitter side and also at the receiver side.
  • Open the docklight software.
  • Open a new project .
  • Open the communication port by double click on” communication port is closed” in the task bar.The system will start monitoring the status of the three loads which are connected.
  • Enter a value eg:+ 60,+180.The loads which are having higher value then the entered value will automatically switch off.

VIII.ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES.

ADVANTAGES

  • Wireless control of power increase energy saving.
  • System helps to reduce power cuts in once particular area.
  • Reduce the cost by effective use of energy across the city elaborate advantages.
  • Zigbee can for a network , hence its easy to buils a wide network for client units.
  • Admin control helps to strictly follow the energy distribution policies
  • Easy to modify

DISADVANTAGES

  • Complex system
  • Implementation cost is bit high

IX.APPLICATIONS.

  • Building & home automation system
  • Security system
  • Remote control
  • Remote meter reading & computer peripheral

X.Conclusion

This will result in avoiding the load on Distribution Company & on consumer side it will result in lower electricity bill.By using this technology the equal distribution of power is obtained & user will ON the device as per requirement. As device will be automatically switched offif power consumed exceeds a particular value.

Acknowledgment

Words have never seen as inadequate as now when we are endeavoring to express our gratitude for all those who are contributing in making it possible. Even the best efforts are waste without proper guidance and advice of our project guide Mr.S.B.Pokharkar for consistent guidance, co-operation, inspiration, practical approach and constructive criticism, which provides us much needed impetus to work hard.

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References

1) Joon Heo, Student Member, Choong Seon Hong, Member, IEEE, Seok Bong Kang and Sang Soo Jeon, “Design and Implementation of Control Mechanism for Standby Power Reduction”,IEEE Transaction on consumer electronics,Vol 54,No 1,FEBRUARY 2008,pp.179-184.

2) N. Javaid, A. Sharif, A. Mahmood,S. Ahmed, U. Qasim, Z. A. Khan COMSATS Institute of IT, Islamabad, Pakista n. Mirpur University of Science and Technology, AJK, Pakistan. University of Alberta, Canada Faculty of Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax,Canada,“Monitoring And Controlling Power Using Zigbee Communication”arXiv(1208.2333)Volume 1[CS.NI] AUG 2012,pp

3)Rajesh V. Sakhare, B. T. Deshmukh Head of Electrical Department, Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, JNEC, Aurangabad Bamu University, Aurangabad, (M.S.), India,International Journal Of Advances In Engineering & Technology,“Electric power management using zigbee wireless sensor network”,JULLY 2012,pp 492-500.

Neha Borse:Diploma in E&TC, B.E electronics, urge of learning new technologies through a practical approach.

Surya Amte:B.E electronics, interested in actual implementation of the project ideas.

Komal Yesambare:B.E electronics, .implementing the theory knowledge in actual .

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