Mobility of Pahs, Pcbs and Tphs from Fresh and Aged Dredged Sediments

Supplementary Material

Mobility of PAHs, PCBs and TPHs from fresh and aged dredged sediments

Benoit Charrasse1*, Pierre Hennebert1 and Pierre Doumenq2

1Institut National de l’EnviRonnement industriel et des RiSques (INERIS), ARDEVIE, Domaine du Petit Arbois, BP 33, 13545 Aix‐en‐Provence Cedex 04, France

2Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de l’Environnement, FRE 3416, UMR CNRS 6263, 13331 Marseille, France

*corresponding author

Laboratory Methods

PAH and PCB extractions were performed with a mixture of hexane and dichloromethane (50:50 v:v), at a temperature of 150°C and a pressure of 13.9MPa (Richter et al., 1994). Total hydrocarbons (oil content) were extracted with acetone and dichloromethane (50:50 v:v) at a temperature and pressure of 170°C and 13.9MPa, respectively (Dionex application note: 338). Total organic carbon (TOC) measurements were achieved using a Shimadzu TOC-V analyzer with a solid sample module (TOC-5000A and SSM-5000A) according to Ghosh and Hawthrone (2010).Extractions of HOCs content from leachates were carried by a L/L extraction in separating funnel. Recovery standards for PAHs (acenapthene-d10, pyrene-d10, perylene-d12) and for PCBs (CB-30, CB-145, CB-198) were added at the beginning of the first extraction step. 30 ml of hexane were used to extract the contaminants and the separating funnels were placed in a shaker for 30 min. The extraction procedure was reproduced three times. Hexane extracts were then combined and internal standards for PAHs (phenanthrene-d10, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene-d12) and for PCBs (CB-78, Mirex) were added. Extracts were reduced to 200µL under a gentle stream of nitrogen.

Analysis of the 14 PAHs and 7 PCBs were performed by gas chromatography (Agilent 6850) coupled to tandem MS/MS mass spectrometer (Agilent 7000) in single ion monitor mode (EI 70eV). Analyte separations were achieved on a 30m DB-5 column (0.25mm i.d. x 0.25μm film thickness, Agilent Technology, Massy, France) with a constant helium flow of 1mL min−1. The 1μL-injection was operated in splitless mode. For PAHs, the GC temperature program was held for 2min at 55°C, ramped to 120°C (8C min−1) and then, ramped to 300C (5°C min−1) where it was held for 5min. For PCBs, the GC oven temperature was held for 1 min at 60C, increased to 190C at a rate of 12C min−1 and finally increased to 260C at a rate of 3°C min−1 (held for 5 min). Temperatures of the injector, transfer line, ion source and quadruple were set to 300, 300, 230 and 150°C, respectively. Total petroleum hydrocarbons were determined using GC-FID (Autosystem XL, Perkin Elmer) according to ISO 16703:2004.

Quality control and quality assurance

All experiments/measurements were subject to quality and control procedures. The mass of each individual PAH and PCBs in the blanks was insignificant relative to that of the sediment samples. Quantification of individual compounds was performed by using the relative response to surrogate internal standards. The detection limits of PAHs and PCBs were determined as the content of analyses in vial that gave rise to a peak with a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of three. The instrumental detection limits ranged from 1 to 23pgµL-1 for PAHs and from 3 to 35pgµL-1 for PCBs.For leachate analyses, mean recoveries for surrogate standards ranged from 91 ± 7% to 109 ± 13% for PAHs and from 92 ±7% to 110 ±12% for PCBs. For sediments, mean recoveries for surrogate standards extraction were between 87 ± 8% and 98 ± 14% for PAHs and between 91 ±9% and 101 ±12% for PCBs.

This document contains9 Tables, 11 Figures and 24 Pages

List of tables in SI

Table S1. Sediment quality threshold values for dredging according to the French regulation. Threshold levels for organic compounds (dry sediment analyzed for the fraction less than 2 mm) for marine or estuarine sediment (N2 level) and from rivers or canals (S1 level).

Table S2. Column parameters.

Table S3. Experimental set-up of column test.

Table S4. PAHs contents for the five studied dredged sediments.

Table S5. PCBs contents for the five studied dredged sediments.

Table S6. Ranges of leachate concentrations (Cw,leachates) for the studied PAHs, the 7 indicator PCBs, the Total Petoleum Hydrocarbons and the Dissolved organic carbon for the 5 studied sediments during the column leaching test.

Table S7. Test results of correlations between the gathered concentrations of TPHs and the DOC concentrations and it fractioning (HA, FA, HON, Hy) for five sediments (p≥0.95) (n=65)

Table S8. Cumulated amounts and percentage extracted of TPHs in the five studied sediment (fresh) for a LS-1 of 10.

Table S9. Cumulated amounts and percentage extracted of PCBs in Marseille Sediment (fresh) for a L S-1 of 10.

List of FIGURES in SI

Fig.S1. Concentration in column leaching tests for Marseille, Dunkerque and Evry sediments for anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, chrysene, benz[a]anthracene.

Fig. S2. Concentration and cumulative released amounts for several PCBs in column leachate test for Marseille sediment (fresh).

Fig. S3. Concentration for TPHs in column test leachate for the five studied sediments (fresh).

Fig.S4. Comparison of concentrations obtained by LDPE ([Cw,LDPE]) versus those obtained by percolation test ([Cw, leachate]) for PAHs for the five sediments. Values for percolation tests are from the first fraction of the percolation test (LS-1=0,1 Lkg-1).

Fig.S5. Comparison of concentrations obtained by LDPE ([Cw,LDPE]) versus those obtained by percolation test ([Cw, leachate]) for PCB for Marseille sediment. Values for percolation tests are from the first fraction of the percolation test (LS-1=0,1 Lkg-1).

Fig.S6. Concentration (mg L-1) of DOC (), humic acids (HA, ), fulvic acids (FA, ), hydrophobic neutral organic carbon (HON, ) and hydrophilic organic carbon (Hy, ) in column leachate for Marseille, Dunkerque and Evry sediments (fresh).

Fig.S7. Selected results of significant correlations between PAHs concentrations and DOC and HA concentrations in leachates.

Fig.S8. Selected results of significant correlations between PCBs concentrations and HON concentrations in leachates obtain with Marseille sediment.

Fig.S9. Selected results of significant correlations between TPHs concentrations and DOC and Hy concentrations in leachates.

Fig.S10. Monitoring of the water content (%) in the sediments of Marseille, Lens and Evry during the aging test under aerobic conditions. WHC means water holding capacity.

Fig.S11. PAHs content for the Marseille, Evry and Lens sediments at different time (0, 30, 90, 180, 360 and 540 days).

Table S1.Sediment quality threshold values for dredging according to the French regulation. Threshold levels for organic compounds (dry sediment analyzed for the fraction less than 2 mm) for marine or estuarine sediment (N2 level) and from rivers or canals (S1 level).

Compounds / Unit / N2 level
Naphthalene (NAP) / µg kg-1 d.w.* / 1130
Acenaphtylene (ACNY) / µg kg-1d.w. / 260
Acenaphtene (ACN) / µg kg-1d.w. / 340
Fluorene (FLU) / µg kg-1d.w. / 280
Phenanthrene (PHE) / µg kg-1d.w. / 590
Anthracene (ANT) / µg kg-1d.w. / 870
Fluoranthene (FLUO) / µg kg-1d.w. / 2850
Pyrene (PYR) / µg kg-1d.w. / 1500
Benz [a]anthracene (BAPYR) / µg kg-1d.w. / 930
Chrysene (CHR) / µg kg-1d.w. / 1590
Benzo [b] fluoranthene (BbFLU) / µg kg-1d.w. / 900
Benzo [k] fluoranthene(BkFLU) / µg kg-1d.w. / 400
Benzo[a]pyrène (BAPYR) / µg kg-1d.w. / 1015
Dibenz [a,h]anthracene (DahANT) / µg kg-1d.w. / 160
Benzo[g,h,i]perylene (Bghi) / µg kg-1d.w. / 5650
Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene (IND) / µg kg-1d.w. / 5650
CB 28 / mg kg-1d.w. / 0.05
CB 52 / mg kg-1d.w. / 0.05
CB 101 / mg kg-1d.w. / 0.1
CB 118 / mg kg-1d.w. / 0.05
CB 138 / mg kg-1d.w. / 0.1
CB 153 / mg kg-1d.w. / 0.1
CB 180 / mg kg-1d.w. / 0.05
Σ PCB-7 (7 indicator congeners) / mg kg-1d.w. / 1
Compounds / Unit / S1 Level
∑ PCB-7 (7 indicator congeners)1 / mgkg-1d.w. / 0.68
∑ PAH-16 (16 PAHs from US-EPA)2 / mg kg-1d.w. / 22.8

*dry weight

1CB28, CB52, CB101, CB118, CB138, CB153, CB180

2naphthalene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene,fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, chrysene, benz[a]anthracene, benzo[b] luoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, benzo[g,h,i]perylene

Table S2. Column parameters.

Evry / Dunkerque / Lens / Marseille / Nimy Blaton
Amount of sample (kg) / 2.81 ± 0.10 / 2.58 ± 0.10 / 2.34 ± 0.08 / 2.38 ± 0.08 / 2.34 ± 0.08
Humidity (%) / 49 / 60 / 57 / 51 / 67
Amount of dry sample (kg) / 1.39 ± 0.05 / 1.03 ± 0.05 / 1.01 ± 0.04 / 1.16 ± 0.03 / 1.01 ± 0.03
Wet bulk density (gcm-3) / 1.19 / 1.09 / 0.99 / 1.01 / 0.99

Table S3. Experimental set-up of column test.

Cumulative LS-1 ratio / 0.1; 0.2; 0.5; 1; 2; 5 and 10 Lkg-1
Column diameter / 10 cm
Filling height / 30 cm
Flow rate / 12 mLh-1(up-flow percolation)*
Leachant / MilliQ water
Ambient temperature / 20 ± 2 °C
Test execution / CEN/TS 14405

*the linear flow rate was reduced by 2. In the CEN/TS 14405 standard, the original linear flow rate was 24mL h-1

Table S4. PAHs contents for the five studied dredged sediments.

PAHs / Unit / Dunkerque / Evry / Lens / Marseille / NB
Naphtalene / µg kg-1 / 335.3 ± 29.0 / 80.38 ± 4.4 / 990.6 ± 56.5 / 844.2 ± 41.8 / 3613.6 ± 120.6
Acenaphtylene / µg kg-1 / 154.6 ± 16.7 / 87.4 ± 4.8 / 342.4 ± 9.1 / 489.4 ± 16.5 / 552.3 ± 24.9
Acenaphtene / µg kg-1 / 113.9 ± 17.9 / 70.2 ± 2.2 / 478.6 ± 77.7 / 849.0 ± 50.5 / 1406.5 ± 34.3
Fluorene / µg kg-1 / 184.6 ± 22.3 / 100.2 ± 10.4 / 1063.3 ± 100.1 / 851.2 ± 44.0 / 2029.9 ± 121.6
Phenanthrene / µg kg-1 / 572. 6 ± 47.7 / 173.9 ± 26.2 / 4537.4 ± 161.5 / 3612.3 ± 155.8 / 5108.2 ± 152.1
Anthracene / µg kg-1 / 384.0 ± 39.9 / 150.3 ± 10.7 / 1134.1 ± 109.98 / 1308.6 ± 90.3 / 1771.3 ± 91.9
Fluoranthene / µg kg-1 / 893.9 ± 27.1 / 260.2 ± 35.0 / 8109.1 ± 166.5 / 5387.0 ± 193.8 / 4629.7 ± 80.4
Pyrene / µg kg-1 / 1435.6 ± 52.5 / 407.8 ± 40.6 / 5991.3 ± 223.8 / 5722.2 ± 263.8 / 3479.6 ± 138.1
Chrysene / µg kg-1 / 627.9 ± 73.0 / 225.4 ± 28.3 / 3192.4 ± 142.7 / 3090.2 ± 134.9 / 2398.3 ± 134.6
Benz [a]anthracene / µg kg-1 / 707.6 ± 76.0 / 376.5± 45.0 / 7103.5 ± 200.5 / 2962.5 ± 103.0 / 3167.0 ± 86.0
Benzo[a]pyrène / µg kg-1 / 805.0 ± 44.5 / 172.5 ± 19.2 / 3638.3 ± 219.9 / 4373.7 ± 240.4 / 1812.8 ± 77.3
Indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene / µg kg-1 / 769.7 ± 46.9 / 198.0 ± 21.1 / 4842.9 ± 3116.2 / 3907.6 ± 238.6 / 1787.9 ± 105.8
Dibenz [a,h]anthracene / µg kg-1 / 133.8 ± 20.7 / 59.5 ± 4.9 / 843.9 ± 73.9 / 638.6 ± 29.4 / 443.5 ± 9.3
Benzo[g,h,i]perylene / µg kg-1 / 596.4 ± 65.6 / 192.9 ± 18.8 / 3479.3 ± 98.3 / 3065.5 ± 183.9 / 1356.7 ± 41.4

Chemical concentrations are based on sediment dry weight.

Table S5. PCBs contentsfor the five studied dredged sediments.

PCBs / Unit / Marseille / Dunkerque / Evry / Lens / NB
CB 28 / µg kg-1 / 53.8 ± 1.8 / 25.6 ± 1.2 / 14.5 ± 0.5 / 32.7 ± 2.0 / 32.9 ± 3.6
CB 52 / µg kg-1 / 302.5 ± 7.6 / 48.2 ± 6.6 / 9.1 ± 0.7 / 57.3 ± 2.7 / 55.8 ± 7.8
CB 101 / µg kg-1 / 629.6 ± 46.3 / 110.0 ± 1.6 / 11.5 ± 0.6 / 92.0 ± 3.4 / 55.1 ± 4.8
CB 118 / µg kg-1 / 521.3 ± 26.6 / 56.3 ± 6.7 / 8.4 ± 0.4 / 56.5 ± 8.9 / 52.6 ± 5.8
CB 138 / µg kg-1 / 797.4 ± 37.5 / 100.2 ± 2.7 / 11.8 ± 1.1 / 137.2 ± 7.9 / 55.5 ± 3.9
CB 153 / µg kg-1 / 1004.6 ± 39.3 / 120.4± 7.3 / 13.6 ± 1.2 / 112.7 ± 13.4 / 45.5 ± 5.4
CB 180 / µg kg-1 / 220.6 ± 9.9 / 80.6 ± 6.3 / 5.7 ± 0.3 / 50.2 ± 4.6 / 20.6 ± 2.1

Chemical concentrations are based on sediment dry weight.

Table S6. Ranges of leachate concentrations (Cw,leachates) for the studied PAHs, the 7 indicator PCBs, the Total Petoleum Hydrocarbons and the Dissolved organic carbon for the 5 studied sediments during the column leaching test.

Unit / NB / Dunkerque / Evry / Marseille / Lens
min / max / min / max / min / max / min / max / min / max
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
NAP / ng L-1 / 36.44 / 153.14 / 124.86 / 503.09 / 7 / 780.04 / 73.59 / 1552.76 / 45.17 / 438.59
ACNY / ng L-1 / 16.89 / 50.22 / 13.15 / 27.58 / 12.88 / 30.13 / 24.14 / 56.3 / 14.27 / 45.12
ACN / ng L-1 / 16.87 / 52.35 / 13.15 / 27.53 / 11.4 / 29.75 / 24.45 / 37.4 / 14.31 / 90.25
FLU / ng L-1 / 17.38 / 49.86 / 14.53 / 28.47 / 12.73 / 30.28 / 24.24 / 59.06 / 15.47 / 111.13
PHE / ng L-1 / 17.84 / 65.43 / 15.42 / 32.16 / 14.5 / 33.7 / 25.99 / 110.76 / 17.64 / 200.32
ANT / ng L-1 / 19.09 / 55.91 / 27.32 / 57.6 / 1 / 1 / 24.4 / 59.39 / 23.2 / 107.84
FLUO / ng L-1 / 7.42 / 41.25 / 17.59 / 46.46 / 16.97 / 119.19 / 14.42 / 59.08 / 26.48 / 254.5
PYR / ng L-1 / 13.03 / 48.97 / 12.35 / 119.89 / 12.49 / 26.18 / 16.91 / 76.97 / 29.28 / 149.01
CHR / ng L-1 / 21.03 / 66.48 / 9.93 / 79.47 / 2 / 2 / 21.65 / 45.92 / 17.17 / 159.78
BAANT / ng L-1 / 2.2 / 6.07 / 17.76 / 75.01 / 2 / 2 / 9.84 / 58.96 / 6.45 / 144.08
BAPYR / ng L-1 / 2.43 / 8.92 / 23.31 / 95.95 / 3 / 3 / 20.93 / 73.36 / 1.43 / 68.53
IND / ng L-1 / 3 / 3 / 19.11 / 85.26 / 3 / 3 / 15.47 / 92.72 / 21.34 / 75.65
DahANT / ng L-1 / 3 / 3 / 10.21 / 37.74 / 3 / 3 / 3 / 46.06 / 16.98 / 24.11
Bghi / ng L-1 / 4 / 4 / 11.86 / 99.77 / 4 / 4 / 9.54 / 116.05 / 10.16 / 69.13
Total / ng L-1 / 172.87 / 604.5 / 345.15 / 1365.83 / 87.97 / 1049.27 / 320.65 / 2534.04 / 262.78 / 2039.68
PolyChloroBiphenyls (PCBs)
CB 28 / ng L-1 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5
CB 52 / ng L-1 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.6 / 6.1 / 0.5 / 0.5
CB 101 / ng L-1 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.55 / 4.6 / 0.5 / 0.5
CB 118 / ng L-1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1.23 / 12.56 / 1 / 1
CB 153 / ng L-1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1.97 / 21.12 / 1 / 1
CB 138 / ng L-1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1.34 / 26.23 / 1 / 1
CB 180 / ng L-1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1.29 / 6.23 / 1 / 1
Total Petoleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs)
TPH / µg L-1 / 63.8 / 740.06 / 246.39 / 940 / 108.4 / 1703.45 / 137 / 702.08 / 32 / 980
DOC fractions
DOC / mg L-1 / 2.69 / 15.79 / 7.85 / 56.22 / 5.23 / 40.2 / 8.87 / 19.56 / 16.36 / 69.28
HA / mg L-1 / 0.55 / 1.84 / 0.19 / 2.96 / 0.12 / 2.2 / 0.22 / 3.76 / 0.01 / 2.24
FA / mg L-1 / 0.01 / 4.29 / 1.46 / 16.89 / 0.07 / 7.97 / 0.43 / 3.41 / 3.58 / 32.45
HON / mg L-1 / 0.25 / 10.55 / 0.21 / 14.56 / 0.12 / 4.64 / 1.13 / 6.46 / 2.23 / 9.54
Hy / mg L-1 / 0.26 / 1.06 / 4.87 / 26.54 / 1.51 / 33.33 / 1.47 / 11.09 / 6.22 / 25.87

Fig.S1. Concentration in column leaching tests for Marseille, Dunkerque and Evrysediments for anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, chrysene, benz[a]anthracene.

Fig. S2.Concentration and cumulative released amounts for several PCBs in column leachate test for Marseille sediment (fresh).

Fig. S3. Concentration for TPHsin column test leachate for the five studied sediments (fresh).

Log Kowvalues from Schwarzenbach et al. (2003)[1]

Fig.S4.Comparison ofconcentrations obtainedbyLDPE ([Cw,LDPE]) versus those obtained by percolation test ([Cw, leachate]) for PAHs for the five sediments. Values forpercolation testsare fromthe first fraction of the percolation test (LS-1=0,1 Lkg-1).

Log Kowvalues from Schwarzenbach et al. (2003)[2]

Fig.S5. Comparison ofconcentrations obtainedbyLDPE ([Cw,LDPE]) versus those obtained by percolation test ([Cw, leachate]) for PCB for Marseille sediment. Values forpercolation testsare fromthe first fraction of the percolation test (LS-1=0,1 Lkg-1).

.

Fig.S6.Concentration (mg L-1) of DOC (), humic acids (HA, ), fulvic acids (FA, ), hydrophobic neutral organic carbon (HON, ) and hydrophilic organic carbon (Hy, ) in column leachate forMarseille, Dunkerque and Evry sediments (fresh).

Table S7. Test results of correlations between the gathered concentrations of TPHs and the DOC concentrations and it fractioning (HA, FA, HON, Hy) for five sediments (p≥0.95) (n=65)

DOC / HA* / FA* / HON* / Hy**
TPH / Yes / Yes

*: hydrophobic fractions ; **: hydrophilic fraction

Fig.S7.Selected results of significant correlationsbetweenPAHs concentrationsand DOC andHA concentrations in leachates.

Fig.S8.Selected results of significant correlationsbetweenPCBs concentrationsand HON concentrations in leachates obtain with Marseille sediment.

Fig.S9.Selected results of significant correlationsbetweenTPHs concentrationsand DOC and Hyconcentrations in leachates.

Table S8. Cumulated amounts and percentage extracted of TPHs in the five studied sediment (fresh) for a LS-1 of 10.

Cumulated released amounts (LS-1=10) / Percentage of total concentrations (LS-1=10)
Sediments / Unit / Unit
Marseille / mgkg-1 / 2.20 ± 0.13 / % / 0.04
Dunkerque / mg kg-1 / 4.90 ± 1.10 / % / 0.15
Lens / mg kg-1 / 3.89 ± 0.03 / % / 0.04
NB / mg kg-1 / 1.39 ± 0.45 / % / 0.02
Evry / mg kg-1 / 2.65 ± 0.14 / % / 0.06

Table S9. Cumulated amounts and percentage extracted of PCBs in Marseille Sediment (fresh) for a LS-1 of 10.

.

Cumulative released amounts (LS-1=10) / Percentage of total concentrations (LS-1=10)
Compounds / Unit / Marseille / Unit / Marseille
CB 28 / ngkg-1 / <1 / % / -
CB 52 / ngkg-1 / 5.1 ± 0.8 / % / 0.002
CB 101 / ngkg-1 / 5.7 ± 1.12 / % / 0.001
CB 118 / ngkg-1 / 5.3 ± 0.6 / % / 0.001
CB 153 / ngkg-1 / 14.1 ± 1.3 / % / 0.001
CB 138 / ngkg-1 / 68.3 ± 4.3 / % / 0.009
CB 180 / ngkg-1 / 10 / % / -

Fig.S10.Monitoring of thewater content(%)in the sediments ofMarseille, Lens and Evryduringthe aging testunder aerobic conditions.WHC means water holding capacity.

Fig.S11.PAHs content for the Marseille, Evry and Lens sediments at different time (0, 30, 90, 180, 360 and 540 days).

Table S10.PAHs, PCBs and TPHscontent in fresh and aged sediments

Evry / Marseille / Lens
Unit / Fresh / Matured / Fresh / Matured / Fresh / Matured
CB 28 / μg kg-1 / 15 ± 1 / 13 ± 0,4 / 54 ± 2 / 50 ± 4 / 33 ± 2 / 38 ± 3
CB 52 / μg kg-1 / 9 ± 1 / 10 ± 0,7 / 303 ± 8 / 298 ± 10 / 57 ± 3 / 66 ± 7
CB 101 / μg kg-1 / 15 ± 1 / 12 ± 0,6 / 630 ± 46 / 601 ± 17 / 92 ± 3 / 96 ± 3
CB 118 / μg kg-1 / 8 ± 0,4 / 9 ± 0,3 / 521 ± 27 / 526 ± 16 / 57 ± 9 / 56 ± 4
CB 153 / μg kg-1 / 14 ± 1 / 11 ± 0,9 / 1005 ± 39 / 991 ± 10 / 113 ± 13 / 110 ± 8
CB 138 / μg kg-1 / 12 ± 1 / 13 ± 1 / 797 ± 38 / 806 ± 27 / 137 ± 8 / 113 ± 15
CB 180 / μg kg-1 / 6 ± 0,3 / 6 ± 0,2 / 221 ± 10 / 228 ± 6 / 50 ± 5 / 47 ± 6
NAP / μg kg-1 / 81 ± 4 / 61 ± 8 A / 844 ± 42 / 727 ± 39 A / 991 ± 57 / 928 ± 53
ACNY / μg kg-1 / 87 ± 5 / 76 ± 3 A / 489 ± 16 / 425 ± 11 A / 342 ± 9 / 268 ± 5
ACN / μg kg-1 / 70 ± 2 / 61 ± 7 A / 849 ± 51 / 767 ± 45 A / 479 ± 78 / 463 ± 27
FLU / μg kg-1 / 100 ± 10 / 95 ± 3 / 851 ± 44 / 769 ± 24 A / 1063 ± 100 / 896 ± 90
PHE / μg kg-1 / 174 ± 26 / 155 ± 5 / 3612 ± 156 / 3352 ± 102 / 4537 ± 161 / 4154 ± 289
ANT / μg kg-1 / 150 ± 11 / 143 ± 12 / 1309 ± 90 / 1152 ± 85 / 1134 ± 110 / 975 ± 74
FLUO / μg kg-1 / 260 ± 35 / 252 ± 9 / 5387 ± 194 / 5220 ± 175 / 8109 ± 167 / 7655 ± 90
PYR / μg kg-1 / 408 ± 41 / 395 ± 8 / 5722 ± 264 / 5226 ± 205 / 5991 ± 224 / 5833 ± 81
CHR / μg kg-1 / 225 ± 28 / 192 ± 7 / 3090 ± 135 / 2745 ± 86 / 3192 ± 143 / 3011 ± 101
BAANT / μg kg-1 / 376 ± 45 / 333 ± 54 / 2963 ± 103 / 2819 ± 90 / 7103 ± 201 / 6871 ± 140
BAPYR / μg kg-1 / 172 ± 19 / 172 ± 9 / 4374 ± 240 / 4187 ± 210 / 3638 ± 220 / 3299 ± 102
IND / μg kg-1 / 198 ± 21 / 218 ± 17 / 3908 ± 239 / 3736 ± 186 / 4843 ± 3116 / 4536 ± 215
DahANT / μg kg-1 / 60 ± 5 / 59 ± 10 / 639 ± 29 / 623 ± 10 / 844 ± 74 / 813 ± 54
Bghi / μg kg-1 / 193 ± 19 / 186 ± 11 / 3065 ± 184 / 3113 ± 143 / 3479 ± 98 / 3439 ± 168
TPH / mg kg-1 / 4590 ± 111 / 4252 ± 85A / 5340 ± 145 / 4826 ± 256 A / 9580± 345 / 9125 ± 247 A

A = significant different concentration between fresh and aged sediment (Student test, test at p>0.05 and using XLStat software (rev.2015).

[1]Schwarzenbach RP, Gschwend PM, Imboden DM. Environmental organic chemistry. 2nd ed. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons; 20031313

[2]Schwarzenbach RP, Gschwend PM, Imboden DM. Environmental organic chemistry. 2nd ed. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons; 20031313