Cycles In Nature Pretest A Name - ______

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. Which of the following processes produces carbon dioxide?

a. / decomposition / c. / combustion
b. / respiration / d. / all of the above

____ 2. During nitrogen fixation, nitrogen gas is converted into a form that ____ can use.

a. / plants / c. / fungi
b. / animals / d. / All of the above

____ 3. Which of the following substances must be chemically transformed before it can be used by plants?

a. / Oxygen / c. / nitrogen gas
b. / carbon dioxide / d. / Water

____ 4. Carbon from the nonliving environment becomes a part of living organisms through

a. / photosynthesis. / c. / transpiration.
b. / respiration. / d. / absorption.

Examine the diagram below, and answer the questions that follow.

____ 5. How do the living organisms in the diagram return carbon to the atmosphere?

a. / by way of precipitation
b. / through the process of photosynthesis
c. / by breaking down sugar molecules during respiration

____ 6. What is the source of carbon in fossil fuels?

a. / combustion and respiration
b. / carbon captured during nitrogen fixation
c. / the buried remains of long-dead organisms
d. / carbon dioxide in ground water

____ 7. Carbon dioxide is being released into the atmosphere in increasing quantities, causing it to

hold heat. This causes

a. / the temperature of land to rise. / c. / global warming.
b. / the temperature of the ocean to rise. / d. / All of the above

____ 8. What step(s) could be taken to help reduce the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?

a. / Decrease combustion. / c. / Cut fewer trees.
b. / Plant more plants. / d. / All of the above

____ 9. Carbon dioxide and water are released as byproducts of

a. / combustion. / c. / photosynthesis.
b. / respiration. / d. / decomposition.

____ 10. Most animals get the nitrogen they need by

a. / breathing. / c. / "fixing" nitrogen.
b. / eating other organisms. / d. / drinking water.

____ 11. Pioneer species are adapted for growing well in ____ habitats.

a. / newly exposed / c. / disturbed
b. / Mature / d. / Both (a) and (c)

____ 12. Which of the following types of succession would most likely occur after a forest fire?

a. / primary succession / c. / secondary succession
b. / old field succession / d. / lake succession

____ 13. As you walk to school, you notice some moss growing in a crack in the sidewalk.

This is an example of

a. / a pioneer species. / c. / secondary succession.
b. / primary succession. / d. / Both (a) and (b)

____ 14. The second year after a farmer stops growing crops, weeds such as horseweed appear.

How did the new species of plants get there?

a. / Their seeds may have blown into the field by the wind.
b. / Insects may have carried their seeds.
c. / Birds may have carried their seeds.
d. / all of the above

____ 15. In the early stages of succession,

a. / only a few species grow in an area. / c. / most species are small.
b. / species grow rapidly. / d. / All of the above

____ 16. Which statement best describes a plant that is likely to be a pioneer species?

a. / It grows slowly and needs a lot of light.
b. / It grows quickly and prefers shade.
c. / It grows quickly and thrives in bright sunshine.
d. / It grows tall and produces few seeds.

____ 17. Water changes from a liquid to a vapor during

a. / precipitation. / c. / evaporation.
b. / respiration. / d. / decomposition.

____ 18. Bacteria are essential to

a. / combustion. / c. / nitrogen fixation.
b. / photosynthesis. / d. / evaporation.

____ 19. Which of the following statements about cycles of matter is true?

a. / Matter is lost in each cycle.
b. / Human activity has little or no impact on cycles.
c. / Each cycle involves evaporation and condensation.
d. / Matter is moved between the physical environment and living organisms.

Study the diagram below, and answer the questions that follow.

____ 20. The process represented by arrow 1 in the diagram above is

a. / transpiration. / c. / condensation.
b. / precipitation. / d. / evaporation.

____ 21. The process represented by arrow 3 in the diagram above is

a. / transpiration. / c. / condensation.
b. / precipitation. / d. / evaporation.

____ 22. Drinking after running on a hot day replaces water lost through

a. / condensation. / c. / transpiration.
b. / respiration. / d. / combustion.

____ 23. Approximately 91 percent of the Earth’s ____ falls on the ocean.

a. / nitrogen / c. / water
b. / carbon / d. / precipitation

____ 24. Water that seeps into the ground, where it is stored in underground caverns or in porous rock,

is called

a. / runoff. / c. / ground water.
b. / deposition. / d. / lakes.

____ 25. Organisms need nitrogen to

a. / breathe. / c. / build proteins and DNA.
b. / break down carbon molecules. / d. / build sugars.

____ 26. When fungi and bacteria decompose organic matter, they return ____ to the environment.

a. / Oxygen / c. / nitrogen
b. / Carbon / d. / Both (b) and (c)

____ 27. Which statement best describes succession?

a. / It takes place only in communities affected by forest fires.
b. / It occurs through predictable stages over time.
c. / It usually happens in abandoned fields.
d. / all of the above

____ 28. If you hold a jar over a lit candle, a dark residue forms on the inside of the jar. This residue is

a. / oxygen. / c. / nitrogen.
b. / carbon. / d. / water.

____ 29. In the later stages of succession,

a. / only a few species grow in an area. / c. / many species are usually present.
b. / species grow rapidly. / d. / a stable hardwood forest will grow.

____ 30. Approximately 78 percent of the Earth’s atmosphere is nitrogen gas. How do we get this

nitrogen from the atmosphere to use for building proteins?

a. / by breathing air / c. / by eating plants
b. / by eating animals or their products / d. / Both (b) and (c)


Cycles in Nature (version A)

Answer Key

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: D

2. ANS: A

3. ANS: C

4. ANS: A

5. ANS: C

6. ANS: C

7. ANS: D

8. ANS: D

9. ANS: B

10. ANS: B

11. ANS: A

12. ANS: C

13. ANS: D

14. ANS: D

15. ANS: D

16. ANS: C

17. ANS: C

18. ANS: C

19. ANS: D

20. ANS: D

21. ANS: A

22. ANS: C

23. ANS: D

24. ANS: C

25. ANS: C

26. ANS: D

27. ANS: B

28. ANS: B

29. ANS: C

30. ANS: D

Cycles In Nature Pretest B Name - ______

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Study the diagram below, and answer the questions that follow.

____ 1. The process represented by arrow 3 in the diagram above is

a. / condensation. / c. / transpiration.
b. / precipitation. / d. / evaporation.

____ 2. The process represented by arrow 1 in the diagram above is

a. / transpiration. / c. / evaporation.
b. / precipitation. / d. / condensation.

____ 3. Bacteria are essential to

a. / evaporation. / c. / photosynthesis.
b. / nitrogen fixation. / d. / combustion.

____ 4. Which of the following statements about cycles of matter is true?

a. / Each cycle involves evaporation and condensation.
b. / Matter is lost in each cycle.
c. / Human activity has little or no impact on cycles.
d. / Matter is moved between the physical environment and living organisms.

____ 5. Which statement best describes succession?

a. / It takes place only in communities affected by forest fires.
b. / It occurs through predictable stages over time.
c. / It usually happens in abandoned fields.
d. / all of the above

____ 6. Carbon from the nonliving environment becomes a part of living organisms through

a. / respiration. / c. / absorption.
b. / photosynthesis. / d. / transpiration.

____ 7. Water changes from a liquid to a vapor during

a. / precipitation. / c. / evaporation.
b. / respiration. / d. / decomposition.

____ 8. Which statement best describes a plant that is likely to be a pioneer species?

a. / It grows quickly and thrives in bright sunshine.
b. / It grows slowly and needs a lot of light.
c. / It grows quickly and prefers shade.
d. / It grows tall and produces few seeds.

____ 9. Drinking after running on a hot day replaces water lost through

a. / transpiration. / c. / condensation.
b. / combustion. / d. / respiration.

____ 10. During nitrogen fixation, nitrogen gas is converted into a form that ____ can use.

a. / plants / c. / fungi
b. / animals / d. / All of the above

Examine the diagram below, and answer the questions that follow.

____ 11. How do the living organisms in the diagram return carbon to the atmosphere?

a. / by way of precipitation
b. / by breaking down inorganic molecules during transpiration
c. / by breaking down sugar molecules during respiration
d. / through the process of photosynthesis

____ 12. Carbon dioxide is being released into the atmosphere in increasing quantities, causing it to

hold heat. This causes

a. / the temperature of land to rise. / c. / global warming.
b. / the temperature of the ocean to rise. / d. / All of the above

____ 13. What step(s) could be taken to help reduce the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?

a. / Decrease combustion. / c. / Cut fewer trees.
b. / Plant more plants. / d. / All of the above


____ 14. What is the source of carbon in fossil fuels?

a. / carbon dioxide in ground water
b. / carbon captured during nitrogen fixation
c. / combustion and respiration
d. / the buried remains of long-dead organisms

____ 15. Which of the following processes produces carbon dioxide?

a. / decomposition / c. / combustion
b. / respiration / d. / all of the above

____ 16. Approximately 91 percent of the Earth’s ____ falls on the ocean.

a. / precipitation / c. / nitrogen
b. / carbon / d. / water

____ 17. Which of the following types of succession would most likely occur after a forest fire?

a. / primary succession / c. / lake succession
b. / old field succession / d. / secondary succession

____ 18. Pioneer species are adapted for growing well in ____ habitats.

a. / newly exposed / c. / disturbed
b. / mature / d. / Both (a) and (c)

____ 19. Organisms need nitrogen to

a. / break down carbon molecules. / c. / build proteins and DNA.
b. / breathe. / d. / build sugars.

____ 20. Carbon dioxide and water are released as byproducts of

a. / combustion. / c. / decomposition.
b. / photosynthesis. / d. / respiration.

____ 21. Approximately 78 percent of the Earth’s atmosphere is nitrogen gas. How do we get this nitrogen

from the atmosphere to use for building proteins?

a. / by breathing air / c. / by eating plants
b. / by eating animals or their products / d. / Both (b) and (c)

____ 22. Water that seeps into the ground, where it is stored in underground caverns or in porous rock,

is called

a. / runoff. / c. / ground water.
b. / deposition. / d. / lakes.

____ 23. As you walk to school, you notice some moss growing in a crack in the sidewalk. This is an

example of

a. / a pioneer species. / c. / secondary succession.
b. / primary succession. / d. / Both (a) and (b)

____ 24. In the later stages of succession,

a. / only a few species grow in an area. / c. / species grow rapidly.
b. / a stable hardwood forest will grow. / d. / many species are usually present.


____ 25. The second year after a farmer stops growing crops, weeds such as horseweed appear.

How did the new species of plants get there?

a. / Their seeds may have blown into the field by the wind.
b. / Insects may have carried their seeds.
c. / Birds may have carried their seeds.
d. / all of the above

____ 26. If you hold a jar over a lit candle, a dark residue forms on the inside of the jar. This residue is

a. / nitrogen. / c. / oxygen.
b. / carbon. / d. / water.

____ 27. In the early stages of succession,

a. / only a few species grow in an area. / c. / most species are small.
b. / species grow rapidly. / d. / All of the above

____ 28. When fungi and bacteria decompose organic matter, they return ____ to the environment.

a. / oxygen / c. / nitrogen
b. / carbon / d. / Both (b) and (c)

____ 29. Which of the following substances must be chemically transformed before it can be used

by plants?

a. / nitrogen gas / c. / oxygen
b. / carbon dioxide / d. / Water

____ 30. Most animals get the nitrogen they need by

a. / breathing. / c. / "fixing" nitrogen.
b. / eating other organisms. / d. / drinking water.


Cycles in Nature (version B)

Answer Key

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: C

2. ANS: C

3. ANS: B

4. ANS: D

5. ANS: B

6. ANS: B

7. ANS: C

8. ANS: A

9. ANS: A

10. ANS: A

11. ANS: C

12. ANS: D

13. ANS: D

14. ANS: D

15. ANS: D

16. ANS: A

17. ANS: D

18. ANS: A

19. ANS: C

20. ANS: D

21. ANS: D

22. ANS: C

23. ANS: D

24. ANS: D

25. ANS: D

26. ANS: B

27. ANS: D

28. ANS: D

29. ANS: A

30. ANS: B