Week 18 CCA Study Guide

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Week 18 CCA Study Guide

Remember this worksheet is meant only to be a guide to help you prepare for the up coming test. You should alsoaccess the online textbook, study your journal, and cell diagrams.

TROPISM / STIMULI / RESPONSE
Hydrotropism / Moisture / Roots grow toward water
Geotropism / Gravitropism / Gravity / Roots grow down, stems up
Phototropism / Dim/Bright Light / Plants bend toward light
Thigmotropism / Fence post, tree, side of a house / Plant “climbs” up object
ORGANELLE / PLANT CELL / ANIMAL CELL
Many Small Vacuoles / X
One Large Vacuole / X
Cell Wall / X
Cell Membrane / X / X
Chromosomes / DNA / X / X
Nucleus / X / X
Ribosomes / X / X
Mitochondria / X / X
Chloroplast / Chlorophyll / X
Endoplasmic Reticulum / X / X

1.Why do we refer to the nucleus as the “brain” of the cell?The nucleus contols all the activities of the cell like the brain controls the activities of the body

2.Which organelle is called the cell’s powerhouse AND why?The mitochonria is called the powerhouse because it “digests” glucose to release energy for the cell to use.

3.What are the 3 main parts of The Cell Theory?1) all living things are made of cells

2) all cells come form pre-existing cells, and 3) the cell is the basic complete unit of living things.

4.Describe the process of photosynthesis – include the organelle where it takes place, the

reactants (what it needs), the products (what it produces), and the energy transformation that takes place. During photosynthesis plants use water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen. The process takes place in the chloroplasts of green plant cells and transforms radiant energy (sunlight) into chemical energy (glucose)

5.What could a person observe at the cell level and organism level that would indicate that

a plant was suffering from dehydration? At the cell level using a microscope a person may observe the cell membrane pulling away from the cell wall and the vacuole shrinking. At the organism level a person would observe wilting – drooping branches and leaves.

6.What is Turgor Pressure and why is it important?Turgor Pressure is the pressure exerted by water pushing on the sides of the cell vacuole. Plants do not have skeletons so Turgor Pressure helps keep the plant up right. Having a full vacuole also insures a water supply for photosynthesis and other chemical reaction taking place in the cell.

7.List the levels of organization in the body from smallest to largest.

Cells > Tissues > Organs > Organ Systems > Organism

Complete the Chart Below

STRUCTURE / FUNCTION / BODY SYS or Organ
Nucleus / Control the activities of the cell / Brain, Nervous System
Vacuole / Store water, food, some waste / Urinary bladder, large intestine
Lysosome / Breakdown molecules, waste / Liver, digestive system
Cell Wall / Rigid, give support and shape / Skeletal System
Mitochondria / Produces energy for the cell / Digestive system, adrenaline
Ribosomes / Synthesizes proteins / Muscles
Endoplasmic Reticulum / Assembles molecules and transport them across the cell / Circulatory System (blood vessels)
Chloroplast / Transform radiant energy into chemical energy (glucose) / Digestive system, Skin/Integumentary System (production of vitamin D)
Cytoplasm / Jellylike substance keeps cell organelles in place / Connective tissue (tendons, ligaments, mesentery)
Cell Membrane / Surrounds the cells controls what enters and leaves the cell / Alveoli, Digestive System
Skin, Integumentary System

8.How might your body respond if you had an infection such as strep throat?

Your throat may become red, inflamed, and sore. White blood cell count may increase, you may develop a fever

9.When your body is preparing to “fight or flight” what changes might you experience?Adrenaline is released by the adrenal glands. Increased heart rate, respiration rate, and blood pressure. Your senses become more acute (very alert) and your muscles taunt.

10.Indicate if the following are examples of Internal (I) or External (E) stimuli.

feeling hungryIfeeling heat from a flameE

stepping on a rockElow blood sugar levelsI

low blood oxygen levelsIfire alarmE

you salivate when you smell cookies cookingEtickle in your throat I

lack of foodElack of waterE

11.Indicate if the following are examples of stimuli (S) or a response (R).

sweatingRshiveringR

increased blood pressureRfeeling thirstyS

increase insulin levelsRgoose bumpsR

plant wiltingRgravityS

12.What force do your veins have to overcome to push your blood back to your heart?Veins have to exert a force strong enough to overcome the force of gravity