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Protection Driving
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© ACPO National Police Driving 2009
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, modified, amended, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the National Police Driving Schools Group or its representative.
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Guide to the Programme
Protection Driving 2009
Copyright does not apply to UK and Northern Ireland Police Forces and Authorities who are authorised to use this material for official purposes only.
Introduction
The Protection Driving training programme should be delivered in conjunction with the guidance and training requirements contained within Part 1 of the ACPO/ACPOS Police Driving manual 2009 which gives general advice with regard to the delivery of the Police driver training programme, an introduction to competencies and competency assessment, classroom guidance and health and safety requirements.
This stand-alone training programme has been designed to help forces develop effective protection driving courses based upon National Occupational Standards and ACPO/ACPOS policies.
Contents
Overview of Programme 5
Unit 1: Evasive and Offensive Driving Tactics 7
Element 1: Evasive and Offensive Driving Tactics 8
Unit 2: Protection Driving Skills 10
Element 1: Protection Driving Skills 12
Unit 3: VIP Motorcycle Escort 15
Element 1: VIP Motorcycle Escorts 17
Unit 4: Mobile Protection Escorts 21
Element 1: Mobile Protection Escorts 22
Underpinning knowledge 26
Instructor’s Qualification 27
Correlation of ACPO Protection Driving Course Units to NOS 28
Overview of ProgrammeThis programme of training covers the provision of protected vehicle escorts. It is relevant to drivers of armed / unarmed protected escorts. The escort may be provided for a variety of reasons including VIP’s, high-risk prisoners, protected witnesses, high value loads and sensitive property.
The below Units have been jointly produced by the National Police Driving Standards Group and MPS Protection Command.
It is intended as a framework to set minimum National standards for Protection Drivers and have been designed to help forces develop effective driving courses for protection driving based upon the National Occupational Standards and ACPO/ACPOS policies This does not preclude the provision of additional training to meet the needs of individual police services, however it is essential to ensure national operational consistency.
The programme is divided into four Units:
Units 1 Evasive and Offensive Driving Tactics
Units 2 Protection Driving Skills
Units 3 VIP Motorcycle Escorts
Units 4 Mobile Protection Escorts
Dependant on the drivers / riders operational roles the necessary competency to undertake such specialist driving / riding may be achieved by attaining either a single or multiple Units as follows:
· Unit 1 can be a stand-alone module.
· Unit 2 is used where persons will be involved in VIP Close Protection driving. (Unit 1 should be completed prior to operational deployment)
· Unit 3 is a stand-alone Module, as motorcyclists are often not directly involved or authorised for car based operations.
· Unit 4 is used where persons will be involved in Mobile Protection Escorts. (Unit 1 should be completed prior to operational deployment)
Protection Diver / Riders will be reassessed, based on individual Police Service policy, the frequency of skills used and local management decisions.
Protection Driving
Unit 1: Evasive and Offensive Driving Tactics
Unit 1 SummaryThis Unit is about Evasive and Offensive driving skills, which are built on the foundation of proven, advanced driving skills. These skills maybe required by a protection driver in order to escape an attack or hijack attempt.
Overview
At the commencement of training students should be aware that these tactics are additional to that of careful and concise planning, preparation and route selection. Complacency in any of these areas may lead to the operation being compromised from the outset, thereby increasing the risks.The role of a protection driver within this Unit is that of a competent driver, who remains aware of options and displays not only the ability to select the correct option, but can demonstrate this option competently, if the need arises.
With this in mind all tactics and training for evasive and offensive driving should remain quick and simple and be applied with common sense.
Protection Driving
Unit 1: Evasive and Offensive Driving Tactics
Element 1: Evasive and Offensive Driving tactics
No / Performance Criteria1 / Demonstrate the ability to maintain control of the car at all limits of adhesion.
2 / Demonstrate the ability to steer accurately both forward & in reverse.
3 / Demonstrate the ability to perform controlled & effective escape techniques.
4 / Demonstrate driver competence in all protection situations.
5 / Demonstrate understanding of active and passive vehicle systems & their effect on Evasive and Offensive driving tactics.
Range Statement
1 / Vehicle Types. / A Front Wheel Drive
B Rear Wheel Drive
C 4 Wheel drive
D Vehicles with high centre of gravity
2 / Working as part of Team. / A Team of one or more
B One or more vehicles
Links to ACPO/ACPOS Police Driving Manual
As a pre-requisite, candidates undertaking this unit must demonstrate the competencies contained within Section 3 Advanced Police Driving of the current ACPO/ACPOS Police Driver Training Manual 2009.
Protection Driving
Unit 1: Evasive and Offensive Driving Tactics
Element 1: Evasive and Offensive Driving Tactics Assessment Record
Name: Rank & No:Date:
Weather/Visibility:
Assessment type:
Assessor: Vehicle:
Competent/Not competent:
Unit / Element / PC / Assessment Headings / Scale
1 / 2 / 3 / 4
1* / 1 / All PCs / Attitude/Stress management
1 / 1 / 1 / Maintain car control at limits of adhesion
1 / 1 / .2 / Steer accurately forward / reverse
1 / 1 / 3 / Controlled & effective escape
1 / 1 / 4 / Competence in all protection situations
1 / 1 / 5 / Effects of safety systems during evasive and offensive driving tactics.
8* / 1 / 1,2,3
(1) Significant development required (2) Shows potential (3) Achieves required standard (4) Exceeds required standard. PC = Performance Criteria
* From ACPO Police Driving Manual 2009 (Advanced)
Protection Driving
Unit 2 Protection Driving skills
Unit summaryThis unit is about preparing for and driving within a motorcycle escort or discreet protection convoy, to control and position your vehicle correctly at all times in accordance with the type of the escort, threat assessment and nature of the road.
Unit Overview
Statistics show that the majority of attacks on protected persons happen whilst they are in transit, upon arrival at or departure from, a venue. Therefore, in most of these instances, the principal will be in or near to their vehicles, which if used correctly offer the best means of defence and most importantly escape.
Principals spend a considerable time in vehicles and frequently work during journeys therefore the drive they receive should be of the highest quality. This is not only for their personal comfort but to reduce the risk of road traffic incidents/compromise.
To realise the full potential of a protection vehicle it is essential that the Specialist Protection Driver is fully trained in the requisite tactical and vehicle handling skills.
Experience has shown that unescorted and discreet protection convoys should consist of no more than two vehicles. Skills have been developed and refined over many years to enable these two vehicles to work as a team. These methods will continue to be examined and if necessary changed to reflect the ever-changing threats posed by terrorism and criminal activity.
Range Statement
1 / Role / A Lead Vehicle
B Backup Vehicle
C Pilot Vehicle
2 / All Road Types / A Motorways & Dual Carriageways
B Major Roads
C Minor Roads
D Urban Roads
E Rural Settings
3 / Traffic Volume / A Low
B High
Protection Driving
Unit 2 Protection Driving skills
Element 1 Protection Driving skills
No / Performance Criteria1 / Carry out the necessary pre-use inspection & search of your vehicle to ensure that it is safe and that you and the vehicle are appropriately equipped for the role in accordance with legislation and policy.
2 / Explain the differences in vehicle handling characteristics for heavy, light armoured and soft-skin vehicles and the affect this has on braking, acceleration, steering and subsequent passenger comfort.
3 / Demonstrate the ability to drive protection vehicles effectively, in a safe, systematic and smooth manner.
4 / Demonstrate & or explain the appropriate use of Road Traffic Act exemptions, including tactical use of the vehicle and relevant legislation.
5 / Carry out appropriate briefings/de-briefing for drivers of vehicles included within the protection convoy.
6 / Demonstrate an ability to use effective communication skills and complete documentation as required.
7 / Drive competently and safely under motorcycle escort.
8 / Demonstrate knowledge of pick-up and set down techniques.
9 / Demonstrate and discuss route planning, cross border protocols, roles & responsibilities.
10 / Maintain overall competency in advanced driving skills.
11 / Take appropriate action at road features, hazards or points of potential conflict to ensure the safe passage of the protected people and other road users.
12 / Deal with individuals in an ethical manner recognising their needs with respect to race, diversity and human rights.
13 / Discuss tactical responses to attack or compromise.
Protection Driving
Unit 2 Protection Driving skills
Element 1 Protection Driving skills Assessment record
Name: Rank & No:Date:
Weather/Visibility:
Assessment type:
Assessor: Vehicle:
Competent/Not competent:
Unit / Element / PC / Assessment Headings / Scale
1 / 2 / 3 / 4
1 / 1 / All PCs / Attitude/Stress management
2 / 1 / 1 / Pre-use inspection
2 / 1 / 2 / Handling Characteristics
2 / 1 / 3 / Drive safely to needs of convoy
2 / 1 / 4 / Tactical use of vehicle
2 / 1 / 5 / Briefing / de-briefing
2 / 1 / 6 / Communication / Documentation
2 / 1 / 7 / Drive safely under motorcycle escort
6 / 1 / 8 / Pick- ups and set downs
2 / 1 / 9 / Route Planning, Roles and Responsibilities
2 / 1 / 10 / Maintain driving standards
2 / 1 / 11 / Safe passage of other road users
2 / 1 / 12 / Diversity and Human Rights
2 / 1 / 13 / Tactical response to attack
(1) Significant development required (2) Shows potential (3) Achieves required standard (4) Exceeds required standard. PC = Performance Criteria
Links to ACPO/ACPOS Driving Manual 2009Units 10 –17 Advanced Police Driving
Unit 23, Element 1, Provide a Vehicle Escort for the safe passage of other road users
Protection Driving
Unit 3 VIP Motorcycle Escorts
Unit SummaryThis unit is about preparing for and riding within a motorcycle escort or discreet protection convoy. To control and position your vehicle correctly at all times in accordance with the type of the escort, threat assessment and nature of the road.
Unit Overview
The movement of any protected person between two given locations provides the greatest opportunity for any terrorist or criminal to affect their purpose. The continued movement of a convoy is more desirable than stop/start driving in normal traffic conditions. One of the options available for a Personal Protection Team to enhance security is the use of a mobile escort.
Under normal circumstances a mobile escort consists of motorcycles. In some circumstances cars can be included for a specific role or as the result of a risk assessment. Often the facilitation of a principal is within a town or city area where the use of motorcycles has distinct advantages over cars.
The advantages of using motorcycles are;
More effective facilitation through traffic with minimal disruption to the community and other road users and is a less resource intensive deployment.
The role of an escort motorcyclist is very demanding and challenging. It requires high levels of concentration, self discipline, planning, assertiveness, team work, judgement, decision making, communication and resilience, all performed whilst;
Riding a motorcycle in safe competent manner.
Working safely within a team of motorcycles.
Facilitating the safe and secure movement of the escorted convoy.
Awareness of tactical options (hospitals / safe houses) as route progresses.
Considering alternative routes should an incident or contingency arise.
This is multi tasking of a highest level and for most individuals to become fully proficient at this skill it takes considerable practice. The rationale behind this course is to furnish an escort motorcyclist with the skills and techniques to provide a safe and effective escort for a protected person and other road users.
This training is not intended for the role of a protection officer riding a motorcycle.
Protection Driving
Unit 3 VIP Motorcycle Escorts
Element 1 VIP Motorcycle Escorts
No / Performance Criteria1 / Carry out the necessary pre-use inspection & search of your vehicle to ensure that it is safe and that you and the motorcycle are appropriately equipped for the role in accordance with legislation and policy.
2 / Demonstrate the ability to ride motorcycles effectively, in a safe, systematic and smooth manner.
3 / Demonstrate & or explain the appropriate use of Road Traffic Act exemptions, including tactical use of the vehicle and relevant legislation.
4 / Carry out appropriate briefings/de-briefing for all drivers of vehicles included within the protection convoy/escort.
5 / Demonstrate an ability to use effective communication skills and complete documentation as required.
6 / Demonstrate knowledge of pick-up and set down techniques.
7 / Demonstrate and discuss route planning, cross border protocols, roles & responsibilities.
8 / Maintain overall competency in enhanced riding skills
9 / Deal with individuals in an ethical manner recognising their needs with respect to race, diversity and human rights.
10 / Discuss tactical responses to attack or compromise
11 / Take appropriate action at road features, hazards or points of potential conflict to ensure the safe passage of all road users
Range Statement
1 / Role / A Lead Motorcycle
B Working Motorcycle
2 / All Road Types / A Motorways & Dual Carriageways
B Major Roads
C Minor Roads
D Urban Roads
E Rural Settings
3 / Traffic Volume / A Low
B High
Protection Driving