chapter 6 Medieval Romanesque

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. ____ Column was a possible model for the Bayeux Tapestry because it is in narrative format.

a. / Marcus Aurelius's
b. / Justinian's
c. / Trajan's
d. / Constantine's

____ 2. Who revived the Classical style in the early medieval period?

a. / Louis the Pious
b. / Bernward of Hildesheim
c. / Charlemagne
d. / Otto III

____ 3. Which of the following manuscripts shows the greatest influence of the Roman illusionistic style?

a. / Utrecht Psalter
b. / Coronation Gospels
c. / Book of Kells
d. / Lindisfarne Gospels

____ 4. The building system using heavy square piers alternating with columns is known as the ____ system.

a. / revived modularity
b. / modular alternation
c. / alternate support
d. / squared support

____ 5. What manuscript is an example of Hiberno-Saxon art?

a. / Coronation Gospels
b. / Vienna Genesis
c. / Ebbo Gospels
d. / Book of Kells

____ 6. The ____ burial epitomizes the early medieval tradition of burying great lords with rich furnishings.

a. / Sutton Hoo
b. / Lindisfarne
c. / Centula
d. / Suffolk

____ 7. Ottonian artists narrated religious stories using ____.

a. / expressive figures
b. / Latin inscriptions
c. / linear perspective
d. / all of these

____ 8. What church plan was used as the model for the Palatine Chapel at Aachen?

a. / Old Saint Peter's
b. / Santa Constanza
c. / Hagia Sophia
d. / San Vitale

____ 9. What do the doors of Saint Michael's at Hildesheim illustrate?

a. / the Old Testament
b. / the New Testament
c. / Original Sin and Redemption
d. / the Passion

____ 10. Early Medieval art frequently includes ____.

a. / interlace patterns and abstracted zoomorphic forms
b. / Kufic text and abstract geometric motifs
c. / images of everyday life and abstracted narratives
d. / abstracted human forms and images of God

____ 11. Which of the following encouraged the growth of Romanesque towns and cities?

a. / a sharp increase in trade
b. / the formation of alliances between France and Germany
c. / a consolidation of power within the papacy
d. / the pilgrimage routes

____ 12. What accommodation did Saint-Sernin at Toulouse and other pilgrimage churches make for the visitor?

a. / It added perimeter buildings to house pilgrims
b. / It attached the ambulatory to the nave
c. / It added radiating chapels attached to the transept and ambulatory
d. / It narrowed the main aisle to create a dignified progress for viewing the relics

____ 13. Romanesque sculpture at Saint-Pierre in Moissac is characterized by ____.

a. / interlace patterns
b. / elongated bodies
c. / cloisonné
d. / illusionism

____ 14. Why are Romanesque churches generally rather dark inside?

a. / Barrel-vaults exerted great outward thrust making a clerestory difficult to construct.
b. / The side aisles blocked the entrance of light into the nave of the church.
c. / It was too expensive to construct a clerestory.
d. / The rituals required darkness.

____ 15. Which of the following architectural devices was not used by Romanesque architects?

a. / groined vaults
b. / ribbed vaults
c. / clustered piers
d. / flying buttresses

____ 16. The Bayeux Tapestry is unique in Romanesque art. Which of the following supports this claim?

a. / It depicted an actual event in full detail shortly after it occurred
b. / It depicted a tale from the First Crusade
c. / It depicted the Mission of the Apostles in full detail
d. / It depicted the clash between the Knights Templar and the Saracens

____ 17. How is the initial R from the Moralia in Job typically Romanesque?

a. / By the absence of a salutation
b. / By exceeding the boundaries of the frame
c. / By following Hiberno-Saxon carpet page patterns
d. / By the banding of the torso and the partitioning of the drapery folds

____ 18. The tympanum at Saint-Lazare at Autun depicts ____.

a. / the Procession of Saints
b. / Christ as Judge
c. / the Crucifixion
d. / the Virgin and Child

____ 19. Who did Eadwine the scribe emulate in his self-portrait?

a. / Bernard of Clairvaux
b. / The Gospel writers
c. / Christ
d. / God

____ 20. Which of the architectural elements was used for the exterior supports of Romanesque buildings?

a. / pendentives
b. / buttresses
c. / radiating chapels
d. / chevets

____ 21. Which monastic order rejected figural sculpture?

a. / Carthusians
b. / Franciscans
c. / Dominicans
d. / Cistercians

____ 22. Tall towers are integrated into the west front of which of the following?

a. / Pisa Cathedral
b. / Saint-Étienne, Caen
c. / Saint-Sernin, Toulouse
d. / Durham Cathedral

____ 23. Romanesque manuscript illumination typically ____.

a. / subordinated the figure to the frame
b. / monumentalized the human figure
c. / employed Polykleitos' canon of proportions
d. / adopted techniques used in metalwork

____ 24. Arched galleries on the façade are characteristic of Romanesque architecture in ____.

a. / France
b. / Italy
c. / England
d. / Holy Roman Empire

Short Answer

25. Briefly describe a cross-inscribed carpet page from the Lindisfarne Gospels and its significance.

26. Explain the importance of the plan for the monastery at Saint Gall

27. Summarize the importance of Bishop Bernward of Hildesheim to the development of Ottonian art.

28. Briefly evaluate the impact pilgrimage routes had on the architecture of Romanesque Europe.

29. Describe a pilgrimage church.

30. The Romanesque period has been credited with the revival of stone carving. Briefly assess the reason or reasons for such a revival.

31. Describe the vaults used in Romanesque buildings.

Essay

32. Discuss the development of Early Medieval manuscript painting. How did manuscript illuminators merge local and imported tastes? Use examples to support your essay.

33. Explain how the bronze doors of the abbey church at Hildesheim revive a monumental sculptural tradition. Compare their style and purpose to at least two other examples of monumental sculpture seen so far in this course.

34. Compare and contrast the Gero Crucifix and the cover from the Lindau Gospels.

35. Explain the appearance of Carolingian architecture. How did foreign influence affect the structures? Use examples to support your essay.

36. Critically analyze the style, content, and function of Romanesque portal sculptural. How did these programs reflect the ideas of the age? Then select an example of sculpture studied previously in this class that serves a similar function. Use examples to support your essay.

37. Compare and contrast an Early Medieval manuscript, a Carolingian manuscript, and a Romanesque manuscript. Use examples to support your essay.