Tentative schedule

Hist 441

Modern World History:

Race and Religious Riots as a Global Phenomenon

Fall 2010

Prof. Wolf GrunerTime: Tu/Th 2:00-3.20 pm

Email: oom: SOS B41

Phone: (213) 740-1668Class #: 37126R

Office hours: Tuesday 11.00 am-12.00 pm & by app’t.

Office: SOS 262Course is on Blackboard

During the first decade of the 21th century, we heard terrible news about how people hunteddown other people of different origins during pogrom like riots in various countries, as Spain, South Africa or Australia. If we look back, we find cases of racist persecution and religiousviolence against minority groups throughout modern history in all parts of the world:In their own countries, Peruvians attacked Japanese, Chinese Africans, Indians other Indians, Germans Jews, English Germans, US-Americansother US-Americans, Mexicans Chinese. What are the aims of such widespread segregationist violence and where can we trace the causes?Many of the violent acts did not happen in dictatorships, but in so called democratic societies. Are such riots spontaneous eruptions of people’s anger or rather organized pogroms? Is it racial prejudice or religious furor which drives the violence? Are there other political, social and economical factors involved?After studying a variety of cases during the 19th and 20th century in Asia, Europe, Australia and the Americaswe will also discusstheoretical problemsof collective violence and racial segregation.

Required books (at bookstore or library)

Charles L. Lumpkins, American Pogrom: The East St. Louis Race Riot and Black Politics. Ohio University Press, 2008 (paperback)

Alan Steinweis, Kristallnacht 1938, Cambridge 2009.

Eduardo O. Pagan, Murder at the Sleepy Lagoon: Zoot Suits, Race, and Riot in Wartime L.A., New York: The University of North Carolina, 2006.

Jaskaran Kaur, Twenty Years of Impunity. The November 1984 Pogroms of Sikhs in India. A Report by Ensaaf, 2nd Edition October 2006. (on Blackboard as download)

Additional required articles and book chapters are posted on Blackboard

Optional reading:

Theoretical or historical discussions

Donald L. Horowitz: The Deadly Ethnic Riot, University of California Press, 2001

Paul R Brass, Forms of collective violence : riots, pogroms, & genocide in modern India (New Delhi: Three Essays Collective, 2006).

Paul R. Brass, The Production Of Hindu-Muslim Violence In Contemporary India (University of Washington Press, 2011).

Jamie Seth Davidson, From rebellion to riots : collective violence on Indonesian Borneo (Madison, Wis.: University of Wisconsin Press, 2008).

Christhard Hoffmann, Werner Bergmann, and Helmut Walser Smith, Exclusionary violence : antisemitic riots in modern German history (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002).

Case studies

Paul R Brass (ed.), Riots and pogroms (New York: New York University Press, 1996).

Malcolm McLaughlin, Power, community, and racial killing in East St. Louis (New York, N.Y.: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005); State Council of Defense of Illinois. Labor Committee, Report to the Illinois State Council of Defense on the race riots at East St. Louis (Chicago, Ill.: Illinois State Council of Defense, 1917); United States. Congress. House. Special Committee to Investigate the East St. Louis Riots, East St. Louis riots : report of the special committee authorized by Congress to investigate the East St. Louis riots. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. G.P.O., 1918)

Carl Sandburg, The Chicago race riots, July, 1919. (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1969);

Lee E Williams and Lee E Williams, Anatomy of four race riots; racial conflict in Knoxville, Elaine (Arkansas), Tulsa, and Chicago, 1919-1921, ([Hattiesburg: University and College Press of Mississippi, 1972).

Tim Madigan, The burning : massacre, destruction, and the Tulsa race riot of 1921 (New York: Thomas Dunne Books/St. Martin’s Press, 2001) ; Alfred L Brophy, Reconstructing the Dreamland : the Tulsa riot of 1921 : race, reparations, and reconcilation (Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2002); James S Hirsch, Riot and remembrance : the Tulsa race war and its legacy (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2002);

DVD Denise J Clement et al., Before they die survivors of the Tulsa race riot 1921 ([Los Angeles?]: Mportant Films, 2008)

Janet L Abu-Lughod, Race, space, and riots in Chicago, New York, and Los Angeles (Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2007)

Kevin Hillstrom, The Zoot Suit Riots (Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, 2012).

Attention:

Some of the books display graphic images and describe graphic scenes.

Course requirements:

Class attendance and discussions: Participation in class discussions about the readings is vital for the learning process. I expect that you will attend all class meetings, complete assigned reading on time, and engage actively with the material in our discussions. If you will miss a class, you have to inform me in advance via email. In cases of illness you have to provide me with a certificate by the USC Health office. Unexcused absences lower your grade. If you miss more than 5 classes, I won’t accept a research paper, which will significantly lower the grade. The breakdown of your grade is as follows: daily attendance, 10 %; active participationin class discussions, 20% = for a total of 30%.

Examinations:

One midterm exam will be given based on readings and class discussions. Midterm: 30%.

Research Paper:You are required to write a research paper of 15-20 pages on a topic of your choice and interest whether related to the topic in general or to specific questions under consideration in this class. This paper will be grounded in the historiography of the chosen area, but the heart of the effort will involve research of primary source material as far as available, including the rich material housed in the USC Shoah Foundation Institute or the Holocaust book collection at Doheny library. Please start early to think about a possible subject. After the mid-term you need to provide me with a research subject and a list of possible sources which you will use to write the paper. Feel free to discuss anything about preparing, researching or writing the paper with me by email or during my office hours. Research Paper: 40%.

Academic Integrity USC seeks to maintain an optimal learning environment. General principles of academic honesty include the concept of respect for the intellectual property of others, the expectation that individual work will be submitted unless otherwise allowed by an instructor, and the obligations both to protect one’s own academic work from misuse by others as well as to avoid using another’s work as one’s own. All students are expected to understand and abide by these principles. SCampus, the Student Guidebook, contains the Student Conduct Code in Section 11.00, while the recommended sanctions are located in Appendix A: Students will be referred to the Office of Student Judicial Affairs and Community Standards for further review, should there be any suspicion of academic dishonesty. The review process can be found at:

Students with Disabilities Any student requesting academic accommodations based on a disability is required to register with Disability Services and Programs (DSP) each semester. A letter of verification for approved accommodations can be obtained from DSP. Please be sure the letter is delivered to me as early in the semester as possible. DSP is located in STU 301 and is open 8:30 a.m.–5:00 p.m., Monday through Friday. The phone number for DSP is (213) 740-0776.

Schedule

1. Tue, August, 28: Introduction

Due on Thursday independent research (given in first class) current riots, terms: riot, pogrom

2. Thu, August 30: Discussion of terms and cases

Secondary literature

Paul R Brass, On the study of riots, pogroms and genocide, in: idem, Forms of collective violence : riots, pogroms, & genocide in modern India (New Delhi: Three Essays Collective, 2006), pp. 1-9.

Paul Brass, Riot or Pogrom, in idem, (ed.), Riots and pogroms (New York: New York University Press, 1996), pp. 32-34.

3. Tues, Sept. 4: Theoriesof riots

Secondary literature

Donald L. Horowitz: The Deadly Ethnic Riot, 2001 pp. 1-42.

4. Thu, Sept. 6:The Americas, Anti-Chinese riots in the US

Secondary literature

Martha Mabie Gardner, Working on White Womanhood: White Working Women in the San Francisco Anti-Chinese Movement, 1877-1890, in: Journal of Social History, Vol. 33, No. 1 (Autumn, 1999), pp. 73-95.

Clayton D. Laurie, Civil Disorder and the Military in Rock Springs, Wyoming: The Army's Role in the 1885 Chinese Massacre, in: Montana: The Magazine of Western History, Vol. 40, No. 3 (Summer, 1990), pp. 44-59

Victor Jew, 'Chinese Demons': The Violent Articulation of Chinese Otherness and Interracial Sexuality in the U.S. Midwest, 1885-1889, Journal of Social History, Vol. 37, No. 2 (Winter, 2003), pp. 389-410.

5. Tue, Sept. 11:The Americas, Anti-Chinese riots in Mexico 1919

Secondary literature

Leo M. Dambourges Jacques, The Chinese Massacre in Torreon (Coahuila) in 1911,in: Arizona and the West, Vol. 16, No. 3 (Autumn, 1974), pp. 233-246.

Robert Chao Romero, Mexican Sinophobia and the Anti-Chinese Campaigns, in: idem, The Chinese in Mexico, 1882-1940 (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2010), pp. 145-190.

Optional: Philip A. Dennis, The Anti-Chinese Campaigns in Sonora, Mexico, in: Ethnohistory, Vol. 26, No. 1 (Winter, 1979), pp. 65-80.

6. Thu, Sept. 13: The Americas, St. Louis 1917

Secondary literature

Charles L. Lumpkins, American Pogrom, 2008, pp. 1-73.

7. Tue, Sept. 18: The Americas,St. Louis 1917

Secondary literature

Charles L. Lumpkins, American Pogrom, 2008, pp. 74-142.

8. Thu, Sept. 20: The Americas, Los Angeles 1943

Secondary literature

Pagán, Murder at the Sleepy Lagoon, 2006, pp. 1-6, 19-44, 59-68, 71-97

9. Tue, Sept. 25: The Americas, Los Angeles 1943

Secondary literature

Pagán, Murder at the Sleepy Lagoon, 2006, pp. 98-125, 145-187.

10. Thu, Sept. 27:Research Resources:

Introduction of the Holocaust and Genocide studies collection at Doheny library.

11. Tue, Oct2: The Americas, Los Angeles 1943

Primary sources:

Individual research on the net (proquest): e.g. contemporary press coverage

Secondary literature

Richard Griswold del Castillo, The Los Angeles "Zoot Suit Riots" Revisited: Mexican and Latin American Perspectives, in: Mexican Studies / Estudios Mexicanos, Vol. 16, No. 2 (Summer, 2000), pp. 367-391

Guest speaker George Sanchez

12. Thu, Oct. 4: Australia, the Normanton race riots of 1888

Primary sources:

Individual research on the net (proquest): e.g. contemporary press coverage

Secondary literature

Jacqui Donegan and Raymond Evans, Running amok: the Normanton race riots of 1888 and the genesis of white Australia, in: Journal of Australian Studies, 71 (Dec. 15, 2001): p. 83 -98.

13. Tue, Oct. 9:Australia, the Cronulla Riots 2005

Primary sources:

Individual research on the net (proquest): e.g. contemporary press coverage, testimonies

Secondary literature

Hyndman-Rizik, Nelia (2008) ''Shrinking Worlds': Cronulla, Anti-Lebanese Racism and Return Visits in the Sydney Hadchiti Lebanese Community', in: Anthropological Forum, 18 )2008) No. 1, pp. 37-55.

14. Thu, Oct.11: Mid-term Preparations and Assessment

15. Tue, Oct. 16: Mid-term exam based on required reading up to this date and class discussions

16. Thu, Oct. 18: South East Asia: Anti-Christian, and Anti-Chinese riots, 1969-70ies

Secondary literature

Kia Soong, Racial conflict in Malaysia: against the official history, in: Race Class (49) 2008, No 3, pp. 33-53.

Federico V. Magdalena, Intergroup Conflict in the Southern Philippines: An Empirical Analysis, in: Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 14, No. 4 (1977), pp. 299-313

Due on Tuesday in class as a hard copy and via email: Research paper-topic (Please explain your subject or research question and provide a preliminary list of the literature and the primary sources you will use in your paper using one page) plus deliver a short 2 minute oral presentation on your topic

17. Tue, Oct. 23: Europe: Anti-German riots in Britain 1915

Primary sources:

Individual research on the net (proquest): e.g. contemporary press coverage, testimonies

Secondary literature

Nicoletta F Gullace, Friends, Aliens, And Enemies: Fictive Communities And The Lusitania Riots Of 1915,in: Journal of Social History; 39 (Winter 2005) 2, pp. 345- 367.

18. Thu, Oct. 25: Europe, Britain 1961

Primary sources:

Individual research on the net (proquest): e.g. contemporary press coverage, testimonies

Secondary literature

Panikos Panayi, Middlesbrough 1961: A British Race Riot of the 1960s?, in: Social History, Vol. 16, No. 2 (May, 1991), pp. 139-153.

19. Tue, Oct.30:Europe, Anti-Jewish riots in Turkey in 1934

Primary sources:

Individual research on the net (proquest): e.g. contemporary press coverage, testimonies

Secondary literature

Bayraktar, Hatiice, 'The anti-Jewish pogrom in Eastern Thrace in 1934: new evidence for the responsibility of the Turkish government', in: Patterns of Prejudice, 40 (2006), 2, pp. 95 — 111

20. Thu, Nov.1:Research resources

Attention other venue: Introduction to the Shoah foundation Institute archive

21. Tue, Nov. 6: Europe, Anti-Jewish riots in Nazi Germany in 1938 (Kristallnacht)

Secondary literature

Alan Steinweis, Kristallnacht 1938, Cambridge 2009, pp. 1-55.

22. Thu, Nov. 8: Europe, Anti-Jewish riots in Nazi Germany in 1938 (Kristallnacht)

Secondary Literature

Alan Steinweis, Kristallnacht 1938, Cambridge 2009, pp. 55-118.

23. Tue, Nov. 13: South Asia,Sri Lanka, 1915

Secondary Literature

A. P. Kannangara, The Riots of 1915 in Sri Lanka: A Study in the Roots of Communal Violence, in: Past & Present, No. 102 (Feb., 1984), pp. 130-165

Kumari Jayawardena, Economic and Political Factors in the 1915 Riots,in: The Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 29, No. 2 (Feb., 1970), pp. 223-233

24. Thu, Nov. 15: South Asia, India: Riots in 1907 and 1930

Primary research

Individual research on the net (proquest): e.g. contemporary press coverage, testimonies

Secondary Literature

Shereen Ilahi, Sectarian Violence and the British Raj: The Muharram Riots of Lucknow, in: India Review Vol. 6 (July 2007) No. 3, pages 184 – 208.

Monday afternoon, due per email:

Outline of the research paper

25. Tue, Nov. 20: South Asia, India, Anti-Sikh riots in Deli, 1984

Secondary Literature

Kaur, Twenty Years of Impunity, 2006 pp. 4-23, 27-41

26. Thanksgiving, Nov. 21-24

27. Tue, Nov. 27: South Asia, Deli, Anti-Sikh riots in Deli, 1984

Primary sources

Eye witness reports: in, Kaur, Twenty Years, 2006, pp. 24-26, 42-44

Doc on the involvement of politicians, in:Kaur, Twenty Years, 2006, pp. 152-160

Secondary Literature

Kaur, Twenty Years of Impunity, 2006 pp. 45-101.

28. Thu, Nov. 29: South Asia, Theoretical Reflections

Secondary Literature

Stanley J. Tambiah, Presidential Address: Reflections on Communal Violence in South Asia, in: The Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 49, No. 4 (Nov., 1990), pp. 741-760.

Frøystad, Kathinka, 'Communal riots in India as a transitory form of political violence: three approaches', Ethnic and Racial Studies, 32 (2009), 3, 442 — 459.

29. Tue, Dec 4: Collective Violence in Theory

Donald L. Horowitz: The Deadly Ethnic Riot, University of California Press, 2001, pp. 522-565.

Roberta Senechal de la Roche, Collective Violence as Social Control, in: Sociological Forum, Vol. 11, No. 1 (Mar., 1996), pp. 97-128

Due: Research paper !!! on Thursday

30. Thur. Dec. 6:The Assessment: Conclusions and Open Questions

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