Choose:The 8thWorld Congress on Power and Energy Engineering (WCPEE’2016)

Or: International Journal on Power Engineering and Energy (IJPEE)

Application of Zero-Reflection Controllers on Two-Dimensional Power Systems

W. Hassan

Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ain-ShamsUniversity, Cairo, Egypt

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Reference Number: 00-0-0000

Choose:The 8thWorld Congress on Power and Energy Engineering (WCPEE’2016)

Or: International Journal on Power Engineering and Energy (IJPEE)

Abstract-This paper introduces the application of a zero-reflection controller (ZRC); designed for the two-dimensional large electric power systems. The controller is designed to oppose the effects of power system electromechanical wave propagation that follow disturbances occurring at any point in the mentioned power system. The continuum principle, which considered for the proposed power system leads to a set of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDE).

Keywords- ZRC, electromechanical wave propagation, continuum model.

I. INTRODUCTION

Successful operation of power systems depends largely on the engineer's ability to provide reliable and uninterrupted service to the loads. Ideally, the loads must be fed from constant voltage and frequency sources at all times. This means that both voltage and frequency must be held within tolerances so that the loads may operate satisfactorily [1].According to these interconnections, the systems orders become relatively high and the complexity is increased. Therefore, the analysis of dynamic stability and controller's design of these large interconnected under study systems becomes difficult [2].

II. POWER SYSTEM MODEL

The simple derivation of power transmission equation (PTE) proceeds with considering a generator that supplies a variable current at constant voltage producing variable power. The rotor acceleration in angle is described by the swing equation:

(1)

Recently the spreading of disturbances in the power system has been viewed by modeling the system as a continuum. Tests based on synchronized PMU measurements have shown glimpses of electromechanical wave propagation in the USA [3-4].

III. SIMULATION OF UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED TWO-DIMENSIONAL POWER SYSTEM

To simulate the proposed system, a 20x20 generator grid system simulation was constructed using the MATLAB package. All generators are considered constant voltage behind reactance with 1.0 pu internal voltage.

Each internal reactance of generator is considered very small (approximately zero) and each shunt load has a magnitude of 1.0 pu and with a 0.8 lagging power factor [5].

IV. ZRCs

Also, at termination, this coefficient becomes zero that eliminates any reflection on the line. The same thing is proposed to do in the continuum model of the power system [6].

To find the characteristic impedance relating power flow (P), wave speed (), frequency (), distance (x) and time (t); consider forward traveling waves for both are given as:

(2)

(3)

and if the string of generators is terminated in such a way that the power out of the string and the frequency at the end of the string are held in constant ratio, then (C) will be:

V. APPLICATION OF ZRCs ON POWER SYSTEMS

The ZRC is applied on the previous system. The controller is proposed at the system boundaries. Figures (10) to (13) illustrates the electromechanical wave propagation of rotor angles with initial Gaussian disturbance centered at the 10th and 10th generator at t = 3, 5, 10 and 20 seconds respectively.

Figure (8): Experimental system under study

VI. CONCLUSION

A new technique for the application of a ZRC that designed for the two-dimensional power system has been presented in this paper. The proposed ZRC is designed to oppose the effects of power system electromechanical wave propagation that follow disturbances occurring at any point in the mentioned power system.

VII. REFERENCES

[1] / P. Kundur, Power System Stability and Control, EPRI Power System Engineering, Series, McGraw-Hill, 1994.
[2] / B. C. Lesieutre and E. G. Verghese, A Zero-Reflection Controller for Electromechanical Disturbances in Power Networks, Power Systems Computation Conference (PSCC), Sevilla, 24-28 June 2002.
[3]

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Reference Number: 00-0-0000