PHYSICS: CHAPTER 2.5 NOTE PACKET
Chapter 2.5: Rockets and Satellites
I. Vocabulary: Define the following terms from Chapter 2.4.
a. Satellite
b. Centripetal Force
Chapter 2.5: Rockets and Satellites
II. Notes:
a. Rockets and Satellites
i. HOW DO ROCKETS LIFT OFF?
1. Newton’s ______
a. Rocket pushes hot gases ______
b. Hot gases push rocket ______
i. ______ forces accelerate the rocket upward
1. Net Force = ______
ii. “A ROCKET CAN RISE INTO THE AIR BECAUSE THE GASES IT EXPELS WITH A DOWNWARD ACTION FORCE EXERT AN EQUAL BUT OPPOSITE REACTION FORCE ON THE ROCKET.”
iii. What is a Satellite?
1. ______
a. Natural: ______
b. Artificial: ______
2. Circular Motion
a. Satellites follow an almost perfectly circular path around the Earth.
i. The ______ that keeps an object in a circular path is called a ______:
1. ______ is the centripetal force holding satellites in orbit around the Earth.
2. ______ is the centripetal force of a string holding a ball moving in a circle.
3. ______ is the centripetal force of the road and the tires of a car moving around a curve.
b. QUESTION: WHAT TYPE OF FORCE CAUSES AN OBJECT TO MOVE IN A CIRCULAR PATH? ______
3. SATELLITE MOTION
a. SATELLITES ______EARTH
CONTINUOUSLY ______EARTH, but because Earth is CURVED they travel around it.
i. Fig. 21, page 66.
4. SATELLITE LOCATION
a. Low Orbit
i. ______km: ______
ii. ______km:______
b. High Orbit
i. ______ km: Communication satellites
1. GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBIT
a. Orbiting Earth, but______the ______.
Chapter 2.5: Rockets and Satellites
III. Assessment Questions
1. Which of Newton’s three laws of motion explains how a rocket lifts off?
2. How do action-reaction pairs explain how a rocket lifts off?
3. As a rocket travels upward from Earth, air resistance decreases along with the force of gravity. The rocket’s mass also decreases as its fuel is used up. If thrust remains the same, how do these factors affect the rocket’s acceleration?
4. What is a satellite?
5. What causes satellites to stay in orbit rather than falling toward Earth?
6. A projectile is thrown with enough velocity to orbit Earth. What would happen if the projectile were thrown with a greater velocity?
7. Draw a diagram showing the motion of a satellite around Earth. Label the forces acting on the satellite. Is the satellite accelerating? Explain.