CHAPTER 9
Mechanisms and Characteristics of Musculoskeletal and Nerve Trauma
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following is an internal reaction or resistance of tissue that is also known as deformation?
A. Mechanical Stress/Strain
B. Mechanical Failure
C. Load
D. Yield point
2. Which of the following injuries is due to microtrauma or abnormal repeated stress?
A. Ankle sprain
B. Traumatic bursitis
C. Osgood-Schlatter disease
D. Hamstring strain
3. A force that, with enough energy, crushes tissue is a force.
A. Compression
B. Tension
C. Shear
D. Torsion
4. ______is the property that allows a tissue to return to normal following deformation.
A. Creep
B. Yield Point
C. Plastic
D. Elasticity
5. Injuries to the musculotendinous unit commonly occur at all of the following sites except in the:
A. Muscle belly
B. Musculotendinous junction
C. Mid-tendon area
D. Bony attachment
6. A condition that has a gradual onset with diffuse tenderness, inflammation and usually crepitus of a tendon is called:
A. Bursitis
B. Myositis fascitis
C. Tendinitis
D. Tenosynovitis
7. After repeated joint sprains or microtraumas, a chronic inflammatory condition may occur called:
A. Apophysitis
B. Bursitis
C. Capsulitis
D. Tendinitis
8. All of the following are functions of bone EXCEPT:
A. Hematopoiesis
B. Body support
C. Organ protection
D. Calcium production
9. The osteoblasts that provide for bone growth and repair are located in
the of the bone.
A. Medullary cavity
B. Periosteum
C. Epiphysis
D. Endosteum
10. Epiphyseal growth plate injuries have been classified into five types by:
A. Severe
B. Hilton
C. Salter-Harris
D. Wolff
11. A fracture that occurs on the side opposite of the point at which trauma was initiated is a(n) fracture.
A. Contrecoup
B. Comminuted
C. Impacted
D. Oblique
12. Which of the following is a common apophyseal injury?
A. Epiphyseal fracture
B. Severs Disease
C. Hip pointer
D. Dislocated finger
13. Pain that is felt at a place other than the origin of the pain is known as:
A. Referred pain
B. Acute pain
C. Overuse pain
D. Related pain
14. Which Salter-Harris growth plate injury involves a separation of the growth plate and a small portion of the metaphysis?
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV
15. Which of the following conditions is characterized by pain and discomfort during and immediately after exercise?
A. Acute onset muscle soreness
B. Neuropraxia
C. Delayed onset muscle soreness
D. Myositis Ossificans
TRUE/FALSE
16. Tendons are resistant to acute injury; they will pull away from the bone or cause the muscle to tear before they become injured.
17. DOMS intensity peaks after 24-48 hours and then gradually decreases.
18. Avulsion fractures are common when bone tissue is weaker than the tendon or ligament attaching onto it.
19. A unique characteristic of ligaments and joint capsules is their rapid healing process because of the rich blood supply feeding the joint.
20. A first-time dislocation should be treated as a possible fracture.
21. Repeated joint trauma can lead to pain, thickening of the synovium, and joint weakness.
22. Bone is a specialized type of loose connective tissue consisting of bone cells.
Answer: False
23. Osteoclasts build new bone, while osteoblasts break down bone to repair fractures and increase the diameter of bone.
24. An oblique fracture is caused by the combination of torsion and twisting on a fixed or stabilized bone.
25. The two most common sites for ectopic calcification are the quadriceps muscle and the triceps muscle.
26. Acute nerve inflammation also known as neuritis can create paresthesias and even paralysis.
27. Any process that changes the mechanics of a joint can eventually lead to osteoarthritis.
ESSAY 10 points Answer any two
28. List the classifications of superficial wounds and describe their characteristics.
29. Identify the signs and symptoms of a severe contusion and describe the possible complications if not treated properly.
30. What determines the difference between a first-degree, second-degree, and third-degree injury?