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Chemthink.com- Atomic Structure

The atom is made up of ______distinct parts:

The Proton

•  The ______is found in the center of the atom in the region called the ______.

•  It is the number of ______that will determine what element an atom will be.

•  The number of ______is called the ______number.

•  Protons are one of the ______pieces of the atom.

•  All protons have a ______charge.

The Neutron

•  The ______is also found in the nucleus.

•  Neutrons do not have any ______. (i.e. They are neutral.)

•  They are able to hold the ______together in the nucleus.

•  Neutrons have about the same mass as ______.

The Electron

•  The ______is the smallest of the three particles and add virtually nothing to the overall ______of the atom.

•  Electrons are in constant ______in the space around the nucleus.

•  Electrons have a ______charge.

•  They can ______from one atom to another or be ______between separate atoms.

•  If an atom is neutral, it will have the same number of ______as ______.

•  Electrons are responsible for many of the ______of individual atoms and are involved in all ______reactions.

Quiz score: ______Initials: ______

Name:______Date:_____Per:___

Chemthink.com- Ions

At certain times atoms can gain or lose one or more ______. When this happens we say that the atom has formed an ______. ______are just individual ______or groups of ______that have a ______. This ______comes from an imbalance in the number of positive ______and negative ______.

Gaining or losing electrons does not change the overall ______of the atom. Ions can behave very differently than the ______from which they are formed.

Examples

Losing Electrons

A neutral lithium atom has 3 protons and ____ electrons.

Write the symbol for a neutral lithium atom:

Lithium atoms can lose ______electron.

The ion has a +1 charge because there are still three ______in the nucleus, but only two ______.

Write the symbol for the lithium ion to show this charge:

Gaining Electrons

A neutral oxygen atom has 8 protons and ____ electrons.

Write the symbol for a neutral oxygen atom:

Oxygen atoms can gain ______electrons.

The ion has a -2 change because there are still eight ______in the nucleus, but now there are ten ______.

Write the symbol for the lithium ion to show this charge:

Negative ions can only be formed by ______electrons and positive ions can only be formed by ______electrons.

______are never gained or lost when ions are formed.

Sometimes groups of atoms will form ions. These ions are called ______ions.

Quiz Score:______Initials:____