Name______Hour______
Chapter 1: Measurement & Scientific Method KEY
1. What is SCIENCE? / The knowledge about the nature of things that is obtained by doing experiments.2. What is technology? / The application of science to make new products or tools people can use.
3. What is the scientific method / General way of organizing your thinking about questions
4. Steps of the scientific method / 1. Ask a question/ identify the problem
2. Gather information
3. Form a hypothesis
4. Develop a procedure (test the hypothesis)
5. Analyze results
6. Come up with a conclusion (is your hypothesis accepted)
5. What is the difference between a model and an experimental question? / A model is a representation of an object that you can study to better understand or see something. An experimental question is a problem you can have several different hypotheses about to test.
6. How is a law different from a theory? / A scientific law has been proven by repeated experiments to be true. Laws allow us to make predictions about how a system will behave. A theory is always questioned and examined. They explain observations clearly and have not been “disproven.”
7. How is an observation different from an inference? / An observation is the gathering of information by using our five senses: Sight, Smell, Hearing, Taste, Touch
Inferences are an explanation for an observation you have made. They are based on your past experiences and prior knowledge.
8. Data can be qualitative or quantitative. What is a quantitative observation?
Give an example of a quantitative observation. / An observation that contains measurements and numbers.
______
______
9. What is a qualitative observation?
Give an example of a qualitative observation. / An observation that describes and does not contain numbers.
______
______
10. Data is often represented in a graph. What type of data is best represented by a pie, bar, and line graph? / Pie Graph-show the parts of a whole
Bar Graph- compares the values of items
Line Graph- show continuous changes over time
11. What are 3 things you should include when writing a conclusion. / 1. Whether your data supports your hypothesis or not
2. Possible errors that may have occurred, things that may not have gone the way you thought they would in the experiment.
3. What you may do differently if you were to do the experiment again.
12. What is the independent/ manipulated variable? / The independent variable is the ONE thing you purposely manipulate in the experiment.
13. What is the dependent/ responding variable? / The dependent variable is what you measure, the variable that is responding to what you changed.
14. All other variables should stay ___. / CONSTANT
15. How many variables should be tested at a time? / ONE!
16. What is the control group? Give one example. / The group of subjects in your experiment that you do nothing to- no changes for independent variable.
If you are testing how much fertilizer makes a plant grow the best, a control group would have NO fertilizer.
17. What tool and units should be used to measure LENGTH? / Tool-ruler/ meterstick
Units:
Length of a paperclip- mm/ millimeters
Length of a pencil-cm/ centimeters
Length of a room- m/ meters
Length of a road- km/ kilometers
18. What is mass? / The amount of matter in an object (aka stuff)
19. What tool and unit are used to measure mass? / Tool- triple beam balance
Base Unit- grams
20. What is volume? / The amount of space something takes up.
21. How do you measure the volume of a liquid? / Tool- graduated cylinder
Base Unit- liter
22. What is a meniscus? / The curved shape at the top of a liquid
23. How do you measure the volume of a box, which has a regular shape? / Formula- length x width x height (l x w x h)
Units-cm3/ CUBIC units
24. How do you measure the volume of a figurine, which has an irregular shape? / Water displacement- steps
1. Measure the initial water level in graduated cylinder
2. Put in object
3. Measure final water level
4. Final water level – initial water level = volume of object
25. How do you know the volume of a gas? / The volume of a gas is the volume of the container.
Chapter 1: Measurement & Scientific Method
1. What is SCIENCE?2. What is technology?
3. What is the scientific method
4. Steps of the scientific method /
6.
5. What is the difference between a model and an experimental question?
6. How is a law different from a theory?
7. How is an observation different from an inference?
8. Data can be qualitative or quantitative. What is a quantitative observation?
Give an example of a quantitative observation. / ______
______
9. What is a qualitative observation?
Give an example of a qualitative observation. / ______
______
10. Data is often represented in a graph. What type of data is best represented by a pie, bar, and line graph? / Pie Graph-Bar Graph-
Line Graph-
11. What are 3 things you should include when writing a conclusion. /
3.
12. What is the independent/ manipulated variable?
13. What is the dependent/ responding variable?
14. All other variables should stay ___.
15. How many variables should be tested at a time?
16. What is the control group? Give one example.
17. What tool and units should be used to measure LENGTH? / Tool-
Base Unit-
18. What is mass?
19. What tool and unit are used to measure mass? / Tool-
Base Unit-
What’s the best unit for …
Length of a paperclip- ______
Length of a pencil-______
Length of a room- ______
Length of a road- ______
20. What is volume?
21. How do you measure the volume of a liquid? / Tool-
Base Unit-
22. What is a meniscus?
23. How do you measure the volume of a box, which has a regular shape? / Formula-
Units-
24. How do you measure the volume of a figurine, which has an irregular shape? / Called:
Steps:
4.
25. How do you know the volume of a gas?
Measurement and Scientific Method Study Guide 3