Engineering Chap
Term / Definitionmanufacturing associate / skilled staff who produce product
webbing / process of stapling sheets of fabric together
separating / process of removing unwanted materials
forming / process of using force to shape an object
assembling / process of putting parts together
molding and casting / process by which material is liquified, poured into a mold of desired shape, allowed to solidify, then removed
conditioning / refers to any process that uses high temperatures, chemicals, or mechanical force to change the properties of a material
finishing / any final treatment done to a surface of a product to make it more attractive to a consumer
continuous production / products built in steady flow
assembly line system / allows for continuous manufacturing at a steady rate
economy of scales / as production increases. the cost of production each unit decreases
capital costs / factory and machinery costs
batch production / process of producing standardized parts in quantity to be assembled later into larger products
interchangeable parts / pre-fabricated standardized parts that are assembled into products
unintended consequences / effects that arise after technologies have become mainstream that are not forseen
mass market / all consumers
niche market / specific target group
innovation / making improvements to existing technologies, etc
invention / process of creating new technologies that never existed before
industrial engineers / focus on how an object looks and feels
human factor specialists / use ergonomics to improve product design
vanishing point / looking at an object the object's parallel lines appear to converge at a imaginary point on the horizon
perspective drawing / the lines of an object that move away from the viewer converge on an imaginary point called the vanishing point
isometric drawing / all vertical lines are drawn vertically, but all horizontal lines are drawn at30 degrees to the horizontal; measurements communicated
scale / ratio of an object in a drawing to the true size
scale factor / ratio of size of drawing and the size of the object
x= sl / x is length of line;s is scale factor; l is real length of object
oblique drawing / front side of the object appears flat in plane and sides and top are at a 45 degree angle to the horizontal lines of the front side
metric system / standard unit one meter
orthographic drawings / 2 D or flat drawings of each side of an object; tell dimensions of design
system / refers to a collection of objects that work together to achieve a specific goal
systems have: / inputs, processes, feedback, outputs, goals
inputs / everything that enters the system to achieve the goal
processes / parts of the system that actually change the inputs into the desired product
feedback / information that the system uses to make adjustments during manufacturing process
outputs / everything the process produces
non-durable goods / disposable; consumable
durable goods / stand the test of time
goal / whatever system is meant to accomplish
optimization / process of making a system as effective as possible
CAD / computer aided design
CAM / computer aided manufacturing system
primary processing / first step in transforming raw materials into useful materials
life- cycle analysis / involves charting all of the inputs and outputs of every system related to its production and use from extraction to processing to disposal