VOLCANO PROJECT
Ms. Johnson’s Earth Science classes
Volcanoes come in all shapes and sizes with varying degrees of activity and, therefore, notoriety. As you will learn, volcanoes are not always big cone-shaped mountains that spew out lava in giant explosions. As such, each of you will be assigned a volcano from a list of the more notable events in history. Gather information on your assigned volcano. Once you have gathered enough information to answer the questions below, you will prepare a presentation for the class. This presentation may be in the form of a poster or model of your volcano. Details of the actual method of presentation are left to the discretion of the “artist”. However, you will be expected to provide the following information:
GENERAL INFO
Volcano Name
Type of Volcano
Location (Country, State, etc.)
Map Coordinates (Lat/Long)
Elevation of Summit (height)
Crater Dimensions
Volume (amt. of magma it could hold)
General Description of area
ERUPTIONS
First Eruption
Most famous eruption
Last Eruption
Duration of Eruption
Eruption Type
General Description (amt of damage, severity, # people killed, area covered)
Pictures (Must choose 2 if doing poster)
Picture of your volcano in present condition
Picture of your volcano prior to eruption
Picture of your volcano during eruption
Picture of effects of your volcano after eruption
If doing a poster:
· Prepare a poster no smaller than 17”x22”. Display boards may also be used.
· Poster should be neat and organized.
· Creative use of varied materials is strongly suggested.
· In addition to the photos, also include a diagram of the volcano with the parts listed below labeled.
If doing a model:
· Be sure model represents your assigned volcano
· Does not have to function, although that would be a bonus.
· Be sure to place on a stable material for display.
· Use a box no bigger than a shoe box, 4-sided box (Bottom & 3 sides) for display of additional information
· Creative use of varied materials is strongly suggested.
· Parts of volcano can be labeled on a diagram and on the model itself.
· At least one photo should appear with the model.
Volcano Parts:
1. Magma chamber
2. Country rock
3. Conduit (pipe)
4. Base
5. Sill
6. Branch pipe
7. Layers of ash emitted by the volcano
8. Flank
9. Layers of lava emitted by the volcano
10. Throat
11. Parasitic cone
12. Lava flow
13. Vent
14. Crater
15. Ash cloud
Volcano Choices: (Will be assigned by Ms. Johnson)
Tambora, Indonesia
Krakatau, Indonesia
Mount Pelee, Martinique
Nevado del Ruiz, Colombia
Unzen, Japan
Laki, Iceland
Kelut, Indonesia
Galunggung, Indonesia
Vesuvius, Italy
Papandayan, Indonesia
Lamington, Papua New Guinea
El Chichon, Mexico
Soufriere, St. Vincent
Oshima, Japan
Asama, Japan
Taal, Philippines
Mayon, Philippines
Agung, Indonesia
Cotopaxi, Ecuador
Pinatubo, Philippines
Komagatake, Japan
Mount Etna, Italy
Hibok-Hibok, Philippines
Mount Saint Helens, Washington
Mount Rainier, Washington
Mount Kilauea, Hawaii
Yellowstone, Wyoming
Here are some suggestions for making a model volcano.
Option #1
1. First we need to create the 'salt dough'. Mix 6 cups flour, 2 cups salt, 4 tablespoons cooking oil, and 2 cups of water in a large bowl. Work the ingredients with your hands until smooth and firm. Add more water to the mixture if needed.
2. Stand a soda bottle in the baking pan. Mold the salt dough around the bottle making sure you don't cover up the bottle mouth or drop any dough into the bottle. Take your time on this step and build your volcano with as much detail as you like.
3. Fill the bottle most of the way with warm water mixed with a little red food coloring.
4. Put 6 drops of liquid detergent into the bottle.
5. Add 2 tablespoons of baking soda.
6. Slowly pour vinegar into the bottle and jump back quick!
Notice the red 'lava' that flows out of your volcano. This happens because of the baking soda and vinegar mixture. Mixing baking soda and vinegar produces a chemical reaction (a chemical reaction is a process in which one substance is chemically converted to another - all chemical reactions involve the formation or destruction of bonds between atoms) in which carbon dioxide gas is created - the same gas that bubbles in a real volcano. The gas bubbles build in the bottle, forcing the liquid 'lava' mixture of the bottle and down the sides of your volcano.
Option #2
What you will need:
a soda bottle
1/4 cup (60 ml) water
1 Tablespoon (15 ml) baking soda
1/4 cup (60 ml) vinegar
a square of toilet tissue
a few drops of red food coloring
a few drops of liquid dishwashing detergent
modeling clay in dark gray and red (or dirt)
box to build model in
model trees, etc. for the surroundings
How to make your volcano
1. Build a mountain around the soda pop bottle.
2. Put the water, soap, food coloring and vinegar in the pop bottle.
3. Wrap the baking soda in the toilet tissue and twist the ends to make a little packet.
4. When you are ready to make the volcano erupt, drop the packet of soda into the bottle. The acid of the vinegar and the base of the baking soda combine to foam, froth and erupt.
For a nice volcano model, use grey clay to build the cone, and add red clay in rivulets down the side to look like lava streams.
Additional suggestions:
http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/volc_models/strato.html
http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/volc_models/shield.html
http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/volc_models/three_d.html
http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/volc_models/clay.html
http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/volc_models/explosive.html
http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/volc_models/electric/electric_volcano.html
http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes/directions.htm
http://www.educ.uvic.ca/faculty/mroth/438/VOLCANO/PAPER_MACHE.html
Grading Rubric
This is a guideline for grading your project. It is provided to give you an idea of there areas that will be considered when evaluating your project. Please read this and consider all the areas before starting your project. Possibly have someone grade your project according to this chart as you go so that you can consider if you are going in the right direction.
CATEGORY / 5 / 4 / 3 / 2 / 1 / 0Student Info Included
(Name, Date, Period) / All items included / One item missing / Two items missing / No info provided
General Info Included / All 8 items included / One item missing or inaccurate / Two items missing or inaccurate / Three items missing or inaccurate / More than 3 items missing or inaccurate / No info provided
NOTE: Types of volcanoes will include cinder cone, composite (strato), shield, caldera, and lava domes. Other names may be possible as some volcanoes are in multiple categories. Location and coordinates should be specific. Dimensions are available for all of the listed volcanoes. General information might include a description of the surroundings. Is it in a populated area? Etc.
Eruption Information / All 6 items included / At least 4 items are included and accurate / Half the information is included or accurate / One 2 items included and accurate / Minimal or no information included or accurate / No info provided
NOTE: Some of the dates of eruptions may be the same. For example, the first eruption may be the most famous. It is possible that the volcano is currently erupting. Eruption types will be Strombolian, Vulcanian, Vesuvian, Pelean, Hawaiian, subterranean, or plinian. Include details about its most notable eruption (date, severity, # people killed, etc.)
Volcano Diagram / Clear, accurate diagram; with all 15 parts shown. / Diagram is included; 11-14 of parts clear andaccurately shown. / Diagram is included;
6-10 parts clear andaccurately shown. / Diagram is included; 3-5 labeled parts. / Diagram has less than 3 parts labeled. / No info provided
Overall Presentation / Clear, neat, organized. Layout well planned. / Layout is planned and organized. Writing is not neat / Info could be better organized. Writing is sloppy / Not organized. Not all info fits properly. Some attempt to make it work. Writing and lines are hastily done. / Very disorganized and poorly prepared. Lines not straight. Spacing is sloppy. Writing is hastily done. May have been done in homeroom. / No suggestions followed for organization and neatness
NOTE: Plan out the presentation. Decide where you will place all the information around the actual artistic area. Make sure the information will fit before you start. Use a ruler, compass, or other materials to make straight lines, curves, or circles. Take measurements to center information or space it appropriately.
Use of Creativity / Various materials are used for effect. Attention to detail obvious. Good use of color.
All 3/3 / Some use of materials, attention to detail, and/or use of color.
Some 3/3 / Moderate use of varied materials, attention to detail, and/or color.
Minimal 3/3 / Minimal use of either varied materials, attention to detail, or color.
Some 1-2/3 / No use of either varied materials, attention to detail, or color.
Only 1-2/3 / No creativity
0/3
NOTE: Use of various materials will drastically help with the presentation. Adding dimension, texture, and realism will be effective. Suggestions might include cutting out letters to attach, framing pictures on paper before attaching, using foam letters, using toothpick flags for labels, using string, etc. You might also consider a dimensional volcano even if doing a poster. If doing a model (and maybe a poster) consider use of trees, lakes, grass, cellophane, figurines, and other materials to add realism (found in most arts & crafts stores). Attention to detail will be measured in your depiction of the volcano (or volcano diagram). Also evaluated will be the appropriate use of materials such as glue or tape (staples not recommended). Use of color for accuracy as well as eye-catching effect is suggested.
______/ 30
FINAL GRADE
This project is worth 2 grades
(30 points X 2= 60 points)
Grade Sheet
Please complete this grade sheet and turn in with project. Failure to turn in this grade sheet will deduct 10 points from your project grade.
Name:Period: / Date:
Name of Volcano:
Type of Project: / Poster / Model
Due Date: / Must be turned in by
3:20 PM, February 9, 2016 (Extra credit date: before or on February 5, 2016)
Date Submitted: / Time Submitted:
CATEGORY / Total Points / COMMENTS
Student Info Included
(Name, Date, Period)
General Info Included
Eruption Information
Volcano Diagram
Overall Presentation
Use of Creativity
Subtotal:
Turned in on or before Extra Credit Date / + 5
TOTAL GRADE:
Do Not Write Below This Line
STUDENT RECEIPT
Date received: / Time received:Received By: