Latin 2 Beginner Resource Document

Latin 2 Beginner Resource Document

HOW TO USE THIS DOCUMENT

Print this document.
Scan through the topics listed and make note of the things needing review (there are checkboxes throughout for your use to keep track)
Open the Latin 1 Help Website. Watch the videos called “Cullen’s Clues” for each topic AND check out any other additional resources provided. Take notes.
Go to course home page
Click on the link (below instructor’s picture) for the Latin 2 Help Website
At the top of the web page, lay cursor over where it says “Latin 2” (do not click on this; just lay cursor above the word) and choose “Latin 1”
Put the charts and notes in your notebook (pages 2, 3, 5-9)
Explore the Appendix for other resources you may find helpful
Go to course Lessons
Look to the bottom right corner for the word “Appendix” and click on it
Contact your instructor for additional support/suggestions

NOUNS/ADJECTIVES

From the Latin 1 Help Website:

Lesson / Topic / Resources to Check Out:
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1 / 1.09 / 1st declension endings, nominative and accusative case / Noun Kingdom Video, Declining Nouns (ppt), Noun Cases Endings (ppt)
2.05 / Ablative and Genitive Cases, Prepositions
2.06 / Dative Case
3.05 / 2nd declension - masculine
3.07 / 2nd declension - neuter
3.09 / Ablative of Means
3.10 / VOCATIVES and Imperatives
3.12 / Noun test / Noun Review
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2 / 4.13 / Adjectives
5.08 / Ablative of Agent
5.14 / -er Adjectives
6.09 / Appositives
 / SEE “EXTRAS” / English Grammar Review – Subject, English Grammar Review - Direct Object, English Grammar Review - Indirect Object, Download Charts and Files - To Which Declension, 90% Nouns Handout

Noun / Adjective Endings

The 1st and 2nd declension endings should be memorized. . Adjectives will use endings from 1st declension (feminine) and 2nd declension (masculine, neuter) OR ELSE they will use 3rd declension endings. You will learn about 3rd declension in Latin 2 Module 1. Fill in the missing endings as you learn them in upcoming modules

SINGULAR

1stDecl (mostly fem nouns) (Fem Adj) / 2ndDecl (masc nouns) (MascAdj) / 2ndDecl (neut nouns) (NeutAdj) / 3rdDecl (masc,fem noun) / 3rdDecl (neut noun) / 4thDecl
(masc) / 4thDecl
(neut) / 5thDecl
Nominative / a / us, er, ir / um
Genitive / ae / i / i
Dative / ae / o / o
Accusative / am / um / um
Ablative / a / o / o

PLURAL

1stDecl (mostly fem nouns) (Fem Adj) / 2ndDecl (masc nouns) (MascAdj) / 2ndDecl (neut nouns) (NeutAdj) / 3rdDecl (masc,fem noun) / 3rdDecl (neut noun) / 4thDecl
(masc) / 4thDecl
(neut) / 5thDecl
Nominative / ae / i / a
Genitive / arum / orum / orum
Dative / is / is / is
Accusative / âs / os / a
Ablative / is / is / is

NOUN Case Usage

Cases are used for a variety of functions. These here are the MOST COMMON and should be considered first.

CASE / COMMON USE / Lesson / HOW TO TRANSLATE / NOTES
Nominative / subject / Latin 1 1.09 / put RIGHT IN FRONT OF the verb / Usually 1st in sentence
Genitive / Possession / Latin 1 2.06 / “of _____” / Never 1st in sentence
Dative / Indirect object / Latin 1 2.06 / “to _____” (sometimes “for”) / Verb will be “show”, “tell”, “give” (or something like that)
Accusative / Direct object / Latin 1 1.09 / Put AFTER the verb
Ablative / Means
or
absolute (Latin 2) / Latin 1 3.09
Latin 2 4.08 / “with _____” (sometimes “by”)
(abl or acc) / Objects of prepositions / Latin 1 2.05 / “[preposition] _____” / “in” + acc. = into/onto
“in” + abl = in/on

VERBS

From the Latin 1 Help Website:

Lesson / Topic / Resources to Check Out:
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1 / 1.11 / 1st conjugation, principal parts, present stem / Conjugating Verbs, “The Odd A”
2.11 / Imperfect Tense
2.12 / Future Tense
2.13 / Irregular verb, “sum” – present system
3.10 / Vocatives and IMPERATIVES
3.15 / Perfect System (perfect, pluperfect, future perfect)
3.16 / Irregular verb, “sum” – perfect system
4.05 / 2nd conjugation – present system
4.06 / 2nd conjugation – perfect system
4.08 / Infinitives
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2 / 5.05 / Passive Voice
5.06 / Formation of Passive Voice / 1st Conjugation Passive
Imperfect Passive
Passive Future
6.05 / Passive Voice Perfect System
6.16 / Verb Review / 1st Conjugation, 2nd Conjugation, Test Review
7.05 / Third Conjugation, Present System / The Odd 3rd
7.06 / Third Future vs. Second Present
7.07 / Third Conjugation, Perfect System
7.13 / Third Conjugation, Passive Voice / 3rd Conjugation
8.05 / Fourth Conjugation Active Voice / Conjugating A 4th Conjugation Verb, Verb 4th
Conjugation
 / 8.06 Fourth Conjugation Passive
 / SEE “EXTRAS” / English Grammar Review - Active and Passive Voice, Download Charts and Files - All About Verbs Chart, Download Charts and Files - To Which Conjunction

Verb Personal Endings

There are 3 sets of personal endings; they should all be memorized.

Present System Active

These are used the most:

singular / plural
1st / -o (I) / -mus (we)
2nd / -s (you) / -tis (you)
3rd / -t (he/she/it) / -nt (they)

Perfect Active

These are used for perfect tense active:

singular / plural
1st / -i / -imus
2nd / -isti / -istis
3rd / -it / -erunt

Present System Passive Voice

These are used for the passive voice in the present system. You will be learning these in Module 5:

singular / plural
1st / -or / -mur
2nd / -ris / -mini
3rd / -tur / -ntur

Verb Formation --- EXAMPLE CHARTS

PRESENT SYSTEM (1st/2nd Conjugations)

Present Tense (is ___ing, does ____)
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
voco
I call / vocamus
we call / vocor
I am called / vocamur
we are called
vocas
you call / vocatis
you call / vocaris
you are called / vocamini
you are called
vocat
he/she/it calls / vocant
they call / vocatur
he/she/it is called / vocantur
they are called
Imperfect Tense (was ____ing, used to ____)
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
vocabam
I called / vocabamus
we called / vocabar
I was called / vocabamur
we were called
vocabas
you called / vocabatis
you called / vocabaris
you were called / vocabamini
you were called
vocabat
he/she/it called / vocabant
they called / vocabatur
he/she/it was called / vocabantur
they were called
Future Tense
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
vocabo
I will call / vocabimus
we will call / Vocabor
I will be called / vocabimur
we will be called
vocabis
you will call / vocabitis
you will call / vocaberis
you will be called / vocabimini
you will be called
vocabit
he/she/it will call / vocabunt
they will call / vocabitur
he/she/it will be called / vocabuntur
they will be called

PRESENT SYSTEM (3rd/4th Conjugations)

Present Tense (is ___ing, does ____)
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
duco
I lead / ducimus
we lead / ducor
I am led / ducimur
we are led
ducis
you lead / ducitis
you lead / duceris
you are led / ducimini
you are led
ducit
he/she/it leads / ducunt
they lead / ducitur
he/she/it is led / ducuntur
they are led
Imperfect Tense (was ____ing, used to ____)
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
ducebam
I led / ducebamus
we led / ducebar
I was led / ducebamur
we were led
ducebas
you led / ducebatis
you led / ducebaris
you were led / ducebamini
you were led
ducebat
he/she/it led / ducebant
they led / ducebatur
he/she/it was led / ducebantur
they were led
Future Tense
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
ducam
I will lead / ducemus
we will lead / ducar
I will be led / ducemur
we will be led
duces
you will lead / ducetis
you will lead / duceris
you will be led / ducemini
you will be led
ducet
he/she/it will lead / ducent
they will lead / ducetur
he/she/it will be led / ducentur
they will be led

PERFECT SYSTEM (ALL Conjugations)

Perfect Tense (has _____ed, did _____)
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
(NOTE: These are all 2-word phrases)
navigavi
I sailed / navigavimus
we sailed / servatus (a, um) sum
I have been saved / servati (ae, a) sumus
we have been saved
navigavisti
You sailed / navigavistis
You sailed / servatus (a, um) es
you have been saved / servati (ae, a) estis
you have been saved
navigavit
he sailed / navigaverunt
they sailed / servatus (a, um) est
he, she, it, has been saved / servati (ae, a) sunt
they have been saved
Pluperfect Tense
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
(NOTE: These are all 2-word phrases)
navigaveram
I had sailed / navigaveramus
we had sailed / servatus (a, um) eram
I had been saved / servati (ae, a) eramus
we had been saved
navigaveras
you had sailed / navigaveratis
you had sailed / servatus (a, um) eras
you had been saved / servati (ae, a) eratis
you had been saved
navigaverat
he had sailed / navigaverant
they had sailed / servatus (a, um) erat
he, she, it, had been saved / servati (ae, a) erant
they had been saved
Future Perfect Tense
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
(NOTE: These are all 2-word phrases)
navigavero
I will have sailed / navigaverimus
we will have sailed / servatus (a, um) ero
I will have been saved / servati (ae, a) erimus
we will have been saved
navigaveris
you will have sailed / navigaveritis
you will have sailed / servatus (a, um) eris
you will have been saved / servati (ae, a) eritis
you will have been saved
navigaverit
he will have sailed / navigaverint
they will have sailed / servatus (a, um) erit
he, she, it, will have been saved / servati (ae, a) erunt
they will have been saved

Irregular Verb: SUM

These three tenses of the verb should be memorized immediately:

Present

sum ( I am, I am being) / sumus (we are, we are being)
es (you are, you are being) / estis (you are, you are being)
est (he is, he is being) / sunt (they are, they are being)

Imperfect

eram (I was, I was being) / eramus (we were, we were being)
eras ( you were, you were being) / eratis( you were, you were being)
erat (he was, he was being) / erant (they were, they were being)

Future

ero (I shall be) / erimus (we will be)
eris( you will be) / eritis( you will be)
erit( he will be) / erunt (they will be)

These three tenses should be memorized as time allows:

Perfect

fui (I have been, I was) / fuimus (we have been, we were)
fuisti (you have been, you were) / fuistis (you have been, you were)
fuit (he has been, he was) / fuerunt (they have been, they were)

Pluperfect

fueram (I had been) / fueramus (we had been)
fueras( you had been) / fueratis (you had been)
fuerat (he had been) / fuerant (they had been)

Future Perfect

fuero (I shall have been) / fuerimus (we will have been)
fueris (you will have been) / fueritis (you will have been)
fuerit (he will have been) / fuerint (they will have been)

Miscellaneous

From the Latin 1 Help Website

Lesson / Topic / Resources to Check Out:
5.11 / Questions
5.17 / Adverbs
7.08 / Idioms
8.09 / Personal Pronouns