Phonetics at Talking People
Pronunciation of the –ed ending in context
By michelle (2007)
Accepted / Rejected
Offered
Added
Aged
Agreed
Allowed
Arranged
Asked
Attended
Believed
Blamed
Bolted/Locked
Brushed /Combed
Called / Called back
Cashed
Caused/ covered
Charged
Cleaned
Concerned
Continued
Cooked
Coughed
Created
Danced
Dated
Decided
Delivered
Depended on
Designed
Died
Dyed
Ended
Engaged
Enjoyed
Established
Faxed
Fined
Finished
Fixed/Mended/Repaired
Grabbed/begged
Hated
Helped
Hoped
Horrified/Realized
Hugged/Kissed
Interested
Introduced
Investigated
Laughed
Learned
Learned*
Lied
Liked/enjoyed/loved
Listened
Lived/moved
Looked
Looked up
Married/divorced
Missed
Naked*
Ordered
Owned
Painted
Patted
Phoned
Photocopied/printed
Pleased
Pointed out
Posted
Presented
Pretended
Realized
Received
Recruited/presented
Regarded/considered
Remembered
Rested/continued
Returned
Reviewed / Checked
Rubbed
Satisfied
Saved
Settled
Sighed
Smelled
Sneezed
Stared/Expected
Startled
Stopped
Studied
Suggested
Switched
Talked
Taped
Tapped
Travelled
Typed
United / defeated
Used up
Visited
Voted
Waited
Walked
Wanted
Washed
Wasted
Watched/Slowed down
Wicked*
Worked
Worried / We accepted your loan request / We rejected their offer
He offered me a better salary but I left, anyway!
I added an extra pair of socks, just in case!
…among adults aged 20 to 65…
We agreed to meet at Mary’s at six
We are not allowed to be here, you know
I arranged my stay abroad about six months in advance!
They asked me if I was OK
We attended a meeting which was rather boring!
He is believed to have worked in this company before
I got blamed for something I didn’t do!
We bolted/locked the door so that they could not get in!
The girl brushed her teeth because she had to! / She combed her hair
I never called / I never called back
I cashed my cheque/check, which was great!
Injuries caused by earthquakes are not covered
They charged us far too much, really!
We cleaned the sitting room, that was all.
We were concerned about you!
The team continued its project work
He cooked some curry chicken, which was lovely!
I coughed and coughed and couldn’t stop!
A new site has been created
After having danced all night, they were exhausted
They dated and eventually got married
We decided to take a taxi
You can have it delivered to your house if you ask
It depended on the weather
They designed a lovely house!
Shakespeare died long ago!
My granma dyed her hair purple the other day!
We ended up in a little pub nearby
Ask her to tell you how they got engaged
I really enjoyed my stay at your place!
We established working groups and then…
I’ve just faxed them
We were fined $5 for cycling…
Once they had finished, we were able to leave!
I got it fixed/mended/repaired yesterday
He was so afraid to be on his own, that he grabbed me and begged me to stay!
I hated that – I always thought it was emotional blackmail
We helped them pack
They hoped to see us again
We were horrified when we realized we had lost the dog
They hugged and kissed good night
They’re really interested in travelling
I introduced my two best friends to each other
They are being investigated
We laughed our heads off!
They learned lots of things, but then they forgot it all!
A learned person is someone who has read and/or travelled a lot!
They lied to each other, so eventually they broke up
I really liked/enjoyed/loved it!
We listened hard, but we could not hear the voices!
We lived in that house for two years, then we moved
They looked tired after their flight
I looked it up, but couldn’t find any relevant information!
They got married and then divorced
We missed the last night bus, so we had to get a taxi
Why do family programs always show half-naked women who speak as if they were little girls?
We ordered some “tapas” (snacks) and they were lovely!
I wish I owned a hairdryer which didn’t electrocute you!
We had our house painted
The girl patted the dog because she wasn’t afraid of dogs!
I was phoned at six that evening
We photocopied/printed all the reports at X’s
I was so pleased to see you again!
My boss pointed out we were running out of time…
We posted all the greeting cards just in time
In May, she presented her work at the conference
I pretended I hadn’t heard a word
I realized I had put my foot in it!
The complaints we received were about…
A shortlist of 4 was presented and a candidate was recruited for the job
That is regarded/considered as impolite, so don’t do it!
They remembered it was her birthday, so it was OK after all.
We rested for a bit and then continued our journey
The soldiers returned home, luckily
We reviewed the pronunciation of the ed ending and then checked some exercises in the textbook.
I’ve got a bump on my head. I wish I had rubbed it harder!
The hearty meal satisfied them!
Seven people were saved…
We settled in Canada for a year
When she heard the news, she sighed.
If farts smelled like roses…
That’s not to be sneezed at
They stared at us, just because we didn’t look like they expected!
We were startled by a loud banging
We stopped for a drink and then drove on
I studied French for a year, once!
We did as the police officer suggested
They switched off the lights too soon
We talked and talked and then it was too late to go back home
There were some posters taped to the windows
The homeless tapped on my window, but I was afraid to wind it down
We travelled for six days and then X got ill
The team members typed all their work
We should be united now – People united shall never be defeated!!!
I used up all the ink
We visited our grandparents in Viena
We voted for a new student rep
We waited for hours
We walked for hours and then put up our tents in the woods
They never wanted to visit
Hand-washed clothes should never be put in the washing machine!
I feel terrible! I wasted so much time in this!
We watched the whole scene as we slowed down our car
How wicked of you! You’re a wicked witch!
My dad worked for years for that guy
We were worried to death
In a small group of adjectives including aged, alleged, beloved, blessed, cursed, dogged, and learned, -ed may also be pronounced /Id/ and there are changes in meaning. It’s a distinction between the pronunciation of the adjective form and the pronunciation of the past tense or past participle form. We say a learned (Id) professor but a beloved (Id or d) spouse.