Fig.3Question 1C:Additional analysis on early EN (EEN) vs. early PN (EPN) in unselected population of critically ill adult patients (studies identified with specific searches added to primary search)

a. Mortality

b. Infections

Fig. 4 Question 1D:Additional analysis on early EN (EEN) vs. delayed EN (DEN) in unselected population of critically ill adult patients (studies identified with specific searches added to primary search)

a. Mortality

b. Infections

Fig. 5 Question 8A:Early EN (EEN) vs. early PN (EPN) in critically ill adult patients with traumatic brain injury

a. Mortality

b. Pneumonia

Fig. 6 Question 8B:Early EN (EEN) vs. delayed EN (DEN) in critically ill adult patients with traumatic brain injury

a. Mortality

b. Pneumonia

Fig. 7 Question 11A:Early (early as defined by the authors) EN (EEN) vs. early PN (EPN) in critically ill adult patients with severe acute pancreatitis (as stated by the authors)

a. Mortality

b. Any infections

c. Pancreatic infections

Fig. 8 Question 11B:Early (early as defined by the authors) EN (EEN) vs. early PN (EPN) in critically ill adult patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis

a. Mortality

b. Any infections

c. Pancreatic infections

Fig. 9 Question 11C:Early (early defined as within 48 h) EN (EEN) vs. early PN (EPN) in critically ill adult patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis

a. Mortality

b. Any infections

c. Pancreatic infections

Fig. 10 Question 12A:Early EN (EEN) vs. delayed EN (DEN) in critically ill adult patients after emergency gastrointestinal surgery

a. Mortality

b. Infections

Fig. 11 Question 12B:Early EN (EEN) vs. delayed EN (DEN) in critically ill adult patients after elective gastrointestinal surgery

a. Mortality

b. Infections

c. Anastomotic leak

Fig. 12 Question 12C:Early EN (EEN) vs. early PN (EPN) in critically ill adult patients after elective gastrointestinal surgery

a. Pneumonia

b. Anastomotic leak

Fig. 13 Question 14A:Early EN (EEN) vs. early PN (EPN) in critically ill adult patients with abdominal trauma

a. Mortality

b. Infections

Fig. 14 Question 14B:Early EN (EEN) vs. delayed EN (DEN) in critically ill adult patients with abdominal trauma

a. Mortality

b. Infections