Curriculum
Preschool
Colors
Numbers
Letters
Shapes
Spatial Reasoning
Animals
Social Issues
Weather
People
General Vocabulary
Math Readiness
Kindergarten
Language Arts
Math
Science
Social Studies
Health
Character Development
First Grade
Language Arts
Math
Science
Social Studies
Health
Character Development
Second Grade
Language Arts
Math
Science
Social Studies
Health
Character Development
Third Grade
Language Arts
Math
Science
Social Studies
Health
Character Development
Fourth Grade
Language Arts
Math
Science
Social Studies
Health
Fifth Grade
Language Arts
Math
Science
Social Studies
Health
Sixth Grade
Language Arts
Math
Science
Social Studies
Health
Seventh Grade
Language Arts
Math
Science
Social Studies
Health
Eighth Grade
Language Arts
Algebra I
Science
Social Studies
Health
Ninth Grade
Language Arts
Geometry
Biology/Life Science
Social Studies
Health
Home Economics
Tenth Grade
Algebra II
Earth Science
Social Studies
Health
Eleventh Grade
Language Arts
Precalculus
Chemistry
Social Studies
Health
Twelfth Grade
Calculus
Probability and Statistics
Physics
Economics
American Democracy
Health
A Note About Our Curriculum
The educational standards for the state of California form the basis for most of our curriculum. For more information about what is included in each subtopic, and for ideas on how to supplement the flashcards you find here, please visit California’s Department of Education website.
In particular, the content standards and the curriculum frameworks will help teachers, students, and facilitators gain insight into why we have organized our curriculum as we have, and what our flashcards teach.
Preschool
Free World U
Preschool Colors
Basic Colors
Colors Found in Nature
Colors Found in Toys
Colors Found in Vehicles
Colors Found in Foods
Colors Found in Clothes
Colors Found in Animals
Concept of Blending
Primary Colors
Mixing Primary Colors
Preschool Numbers
Recognition
Numbers 0 to 10
Numbers by Tens
How Many?
Counting Foods
Counting Vehicles
Counting Toys
Counting Animals
More / Less
Which is More / Less Foods
Which is More / Less Vehicles
Which is More / Less Toys
Which is More / Less Animals
Patterns
Food Patterns
Shape Patterns
Color Patterns
Letter Patterns
Toy Patterns
Animal Patterns
Number Patterns
Preschool Letters
Capital / Lowercase
Matching With Capital Letters
Matching With Lower Case Letters
Starts With -----
Foods
Vehicles
Toys
Animals
Colors
Preschool Shapes
Recognition
Colored Shapes
Count the Sides
Food Shapes
Vehicle Shapes
Toy Shapes
Animal Shapes
Colors and Shapes
Shapes in the World
Food Shapes
Vehicle Shapes
Toy Shapes
Animal Shapes
Preschool Spatial Reasoning
Taller / Shorter
Foods
Toys
Vehicles
Animals
Shapes
Thicker / Thinner
Foods
Toys
Vehicles
Animals
Shapes
Inside / Outside
Foods
Toys
Vehicles
Animals
Shapes
Above / Below
Foods
Toys
Vehicles
Animals
Shapes
Preschool Animals
Ocean
Animals
Characteristics
Babies
Food
River
Animals
Characteristics
Babies
Food
Farm
Animals
Characteristics
Babies
Food
Forest
Animals
Characteristics
Babies
Food
House
Animals
Characteristics
Babies
Food
Sky
Animals
Characteristics
Babies
Food
Insect / Spiders
Recognizing
Characteristics
Babies
Food
Preschool Social Issues
Feelings
Feelings
Friendship / Sharing
Friendship
Sharing
Safe / Unsafe
Safe and Unsafe
Being Polite
Being Polite
Following Directions
Following Directions
Preschool Weather
Recognition
Weather Sounds
Weather Seasons
Weather Pictures
Attire
Accessories
Preschool People
Recognition
Emergency Workers
Service People
Matching With Uniform / Accessories
Emergency Workers
Service People
Family
Family
Preschool General Vocabulary
This is A -----
Food
Toys
Vehicles
Animals
Objects
Shapes
Which is the -----?
Food
Toys
Vehicles
Animals
Objects
Shapes
Preschool Math Readiness
Operations
Simple Addition
Simple Subtraction
Time
Day and Night
Statistics
Sorting Objects
Comparing Objects
Which Doesn’t Belong?
Object Graphs
Kindergarten
Free World U
Kindergarten Language Arts
Reading
Letter Sounds
Student practices orally making sounds for all consonants and short vowels
First Words
What is a word? Show pictures and ask: fox or box? ball or fall?
Sight Words
Explains that some words don’t follow the rules and can’t be sounded out; we read simple sight word, and student chooses it from a list of three
Count the Syllables
What is a syllable?; count the number of syllables in words that we read aloud
Count the Sounds
Words are made up of letter sounds; how many sounds do you hear in “cat”?
Count the Words
Track the words in a printed sentence that is read aloud; how many words in the sentence? Which word is “skip”?
Rhyming
Change one letter to create a rhyming word
Colors
Reading color words: black, brown, red, blue, etc.
Reading Literature
Books
Identifying front cover, back cover, title page
Is it Real or Fantasy?
Distinguishing between real stories and fantasy stories
Retelling
Identifies characters, setting, and important events in short stories read aloud
Nursery Rhymes
Covers simple nursery rhymes and touches on themes and characters in simple way
Sayings
The early bird gets the worm. Don’t cry over spilt milk. Keep your fingers crossed.
Identify Types of Writing
Books, poems, newspapers, signs, labels
Phonics and Spelling
Beginning Sounds
Consonants
Ending Sounds
Consonants
Long and Short Vowels
All vowels
Spell CVC Words
Common, regular three-letter words
Word Family Fun
Adding, changing, or deleting one letter to make a new word: sat to fat, bug to rug, red to bed, etc.
Writing
Letters and Their Sounds
Includes all letters
Capital and Lowercase Letters
Includes all letters
Beginning and Ending Sounds
We read a three-letter word and ask student to indicate the first or last letter; Ex. We say “but” and ask student to identify the first letter
Print Upper and Lower Case Letters
Print Words
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Gives descriptions of common objects and ask what is being described
Sorting
Lists and pictures of common items are presented; student is asked what belongs or does not belong
Comprehension
Listening Practice
We read short stories and ask child questions. Who? When? Where?
Following Directions
We read simple directions of one or two steps and ask students to respond
Describing
Why do we use describing words? What are describing words? Ask students to describe the size, color, or shape of various objects
Oral Language
Recite a Rhyme
Recite short poems, rhymes, and songs
Tell About It
Relate an experience or creative story in a logical sequence
Speaking
Students speak in coherent sentences
Kindergarten Math
Number Sense
Comparing Sets
Compare two or more sets of objects (up to ten objects in each group) and identify which set is equal to, more than, or less than the other
Manipulating Objects
Count, recognize, represent, name, and order a number of objects (up to 30)
Larger and Smaller Numbers
Know that the larger numbers describe sets with more objects in them than the smaller numbers have
Using Concrete Objects
Use concrete objects to determine the answers to addition and subtraction problems (for two numbers that are each less than 10)
Estimating
Recognize when an estimate is reasonable
Algebra and Functions
Identify, Sort and Classify
Identify, sort, and classify objects by attribute and identify objects that do not belong to a particular group (e.g., all these balls are green, those are red)
Measurement and Geometry
Comparing to a Reference
Compare the length, weight, and capacity of objects by making direct comparisons with reference objects (e.g., note which object is shorter, longer, taller, lighter, heavier, or holds more)
Time Concepts
Demonstrate an understanding of concepts of time (e.g., morning, afternoon, evening, today, yesterday, tomorrow, week, year) and tools that measure time (e.g., clock, calendar)
Days of the Week
Name the days of the week
Common Times
Identify the time (to the nearest hour) of everyday events (e.g., lunch time is 12 o'clock; bedtime is 8 o'clock at night)
Common Geometric Objects
Identify and describe common geometric objects (e.g., circle, triangle, square, rectangle, cube, sphere, cone)
Comparing by Common Attributes
Compare familiar plane and solid objects by common attributes (e.g., position, shape, size, roundness, number of corners)
Statistics, Data Analysis, and Probability
Investigation Process
Pose information questions; collect data; and record the results using objects, pictures, and picture graphs
Patterns
Identify, describe, and extend simple patterns (such as circles or triangles) by referring to their shapes, sizes, or colors
Mathematical Reasoning
Determining Methods
Determine the approach, materials, and strategies to be used
Using Tools and Strategies
Use tools and strategies, such as manipulatives or sketches, to model problems
Explaining Reasoning
Explain the reasoning used with concrete objects and/ or pictorial representations
Computing and Checking
Make precise calculations and check the validity of the results in the context of the problem
Kindergarten Science
Physical Sciences
Describing Objects
Students know objects can be described in terms of the materials they are made of (e.g., clay, cloth, paper) and their physical properties (e.g., color, size, shape, weight, texture, flexibility, attraction to magnets, floating, sinking)
Forms of Water
Students know water can be a liquid or a solid and can be made to change back and forth from one form to the other
Evaporation
Students know water left in an open container evaporates (goes into the air) but water in a closed container does not
Life Sciences
Comparing Plants and Animals
Students know how to observe and describe similarities and differences in the appearance and behavior of plants and animals (e.g., seed-bearing plants, birds, fish, insects)
Life Science in Stories
Students know stories sometimes give plants and animals attributes they do not really have
Structures of Plants and Animals
Students know how to identify major structures of common plants and animals (e.g., stems, leaves, roots, arms, wings, legs)
Earth Sciences
Landforms
Students know characteristics of mountains, rivers, oceans, valleys, deserts, and local landforms
Weather
Students know changes in weather occur from day to day and across seasons, affecting Earth and its inhabitants
Natural Resources
Students know how to identify resources from Earth that are used in everyday life and understand that many resources can be conserved
Investigation and Experimentation
Using the Five Senses
Observe common objects by using the five senses
Describing Properties
Describe the properties of common objects
Describing Position
Describe the relative position of objects by using one reference (e.g., above or below)
Comparing and Sorting Objects
Compare and sort common objects by one physical attribute (e.g., color, shape, texture, size, weight)
Communicating Observations
Communicate observations orally and through drawings
Kindergarten Social Studies
Being a Good Citizen
Following Rules
Such as sharing and taking turns; know the consequences of breaking them
Being A Good Citizen
Character
Examples of honesty, courage, determination, individual responsibility; patriotism in American and world history from stories and folklore
Beliefs
Beliefs and related behaviors of characters in stories from times past; understand the consequences of the characters' actions
National and State Symbols
National Symbols
e.g.,flag, the bald eagle, the Statue of Liberty
State Symbols
Flags, etc.
Jobs That People Do
Jobs
At the school, in the local community, and from historical accounts
Locations of Places and Environments
Locations of Objects
Using the terms near/far, left/right, and behind/in front
Land and Water on Maps and Globes
Locate general areas referenced in historical legends and stories
Map and Traffic Symbols
e.g., those for land, water, roads, cities
Maps and Models of Neighborhoods
Incorporating such structures as police and fire stations, airports, banks, hospitals, supermarkets, harbors, schools, homes, places of worship, and transportation lines
Maps and Models of Schools
Layout, environs, and the jobs people do there
Time Order
Using a Calendar
Placing days, weeks, and months in proper order
Events and People of Other Times
Commemorative Holidays
Purposes, the people and events honored, the human struggles that were the basis for the events,e.g., Thanksgiving, Independence Day, Washington's and Lincoln's Birthdays, Martin Luther King Jr. Day, Memorial Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day
How People Lived in Earlier Times
And how their lives would be different today, e.g., getting water from a well, growing food, making clothing, having fun, forming organizations, living by rules and laws
George Washington
Stories and triumphs
Abraham Lincoln
Stories and triumphs
Betsy Ross
Stories and triumphs
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
Stories and triumphs
Benjamin Franklin
Stories and triumphs
Harriet Tubman
Stories and triumphs
Pocahontas
Stories and triumphs
George Washington Carver
Stories and triumphs
Booker T. Washington
Stories and triumphs
Daniel Boone
Stories and triumphs
Kindergarten Health
Signs / Symptoms of Illness
Fever
Rash
Cough
Congestion
Encouraging Positive Health Choices
Eating Practices
Cleanliness
Safety Practices
Positive vs. Negative Behaviors
Waiting Your Turn
Pushing
Honesty
Lying
Refusal Skills
Healthy Behavior Skills
Just Say No
Stranger Danger
Kindergarten Character Development
Character Study
Defining Character
Learning the Traits
Monkey See Monkey Do
Recognizing Character in History
Recognizing Character in Others
Recognizing Character in Fairy Tales
Roleplay
Doing the Right Thing
First Grade
Free World U
Grade One Language Arts
Reading Skills
Listening to Language
We read a three- or four-letter word and student chooses correct word from list
Sight Words
We read sight word and student chooses correct word from list
Inflectional Forms
We read a word such as “looking” and student selects this word from list that includes “looked, looking, looks.”;other target words: jump, see, sleep, play, etc.
Reading Fluently
Reading Literature
Sayings
Getting cold feet. Got off on the wrong foot. Got up on the wrong side of the bed.
Prose
Learning about story elements; identifying characters, plot, setting
Mother Goose
Covers Mother Goose nursery rhymes and introduces students to the idea of a body of work in literature
Fables
Characteristics of fables;examples of well-known fables
Retelling
What happened in the beginning, in the middle, at the end of a story
Answering Questions
Who, what, when, where, why, how questions
Books
What does an author do? An illustrator?
Phonics and Spelling
Word Family Fun
Adding, changing, or deleting one letter to make a new word. i.e. cat to rat, that to hat, ice to dice, boy to box
CVC Words
Tag, map, red, pig, pin, mom, wet, hen, bun, etc.
CVCE Words
What happens when we put an “e” on the end of a word? Does the “e” make a sound? kite, cave, rake, note, wide, joke, etc.
Vowel Diagraphs
Beginning and Ending Sounds
Fill in the missing letter based on the sound of the word
Initial Consonant Blends
What is a blend? Simplest examples: drop, flag, skip, glad, grass, sled, trash, etc.
Compound Words
What is a compound word? Simplest examples: snowman, windmill, inside, hilltop, etc.
Contractions
What is a contraction? Simplest examples: isn’t, aren’t, can’t, won’t, I’m, we’re, etc.
Writing
Capital Letters
First word in sentence, names, proper nouns
Plural Nouns
Simple examples, adding “s” to regular nouns
Sentences
Parts of a sentence: capital letter, punctuation, makes sense
Three Types of Sentences
Telling sentences, exclamations, and questions
Putting Sentences in Order
Sentence is mixed up and student puts into correct order
Using Descriptive Words
Using sensory words to describe how something looks, feels, tastes, smells, sounds to help reader “see”
Paragraphs
Choosing a focus
Identify Problems in Sentences
Words not separated by proper space, letters illegible, sentences that don’t stay on the lines, words missing, etc.
Writing Practice
Student demonstrates he can properly write all letters of the alphabet, short words, and sentences
Write Brief Narratives
Fictional, autobiographical, describing an experience
Vocabulary
Categorizing
Which word doesn’t belong: cat, dog, bear, and shoe, etc.; use color words, shapes, foods, etc.
Predictions
What will happen next?; using “signpost” words and context to make predictions
Comprehension
Reading Practice
We read short story and ask student to answer simple questions from what they’ve heard
Asking Questions
How to get information or ask clarification; when is it okay to ask questions?
Following Directions
Simple, two-step directions – giving them and following them
Sequence
Is this paragraph in the right order?
Oral Language
Introduction to Public Speaking
Speak clearly, speak loudly, stick to the point, don’t fidget
Recitation
Student recites short rhymes
Grade One Math
Number Sense
Whole Numbers to 100
Count, read, and write whole numbers to 100
Comparing and Ordering
Compare and order whole numbers to 100 by using the symbols for less than, equal to, or greater than (<, =, >)