Section 18-2: Fungi

Name:______Date:______

Chapter 18

Section 18-2: Fungi

What is a Fungus?

n  They are ______eukaryotes with a ______

n  They obtain food by extracellular ______and ______

n  ______are released to break down food particles ______their bodies

n  Digested ______are then absorbed

n  Most are ______(except ______)

n  Can be ______or ______

n  They look more like ______, but are technically more like ______:

n  They have ______walls like plants, but the cell wall is made of ______ not cellulose (chitin is found in the ______of insects)

n  They store energy as the starch ______, like animals and are ______

Characteristics of Fungi

n  Evolved around ______million years ago

n  All ______fungi have the same basic structure:

n  ______ (pl. hyphae) – a threadlike ______whose cells have varying numbers of ______

n  ______ – mass of hyphae that grows into the ______source (this is the part that secretes the ______for digestion)

n  ______ – the reproductive part of the fungus that produces ______

Reproduction in Fungi

n  Can be ______:

n  Some ______spores

n  Some reproduce by ______of hyphae

n  Can be ______:

n  There are two ______types - + hyphae and – hyphae

n  When opposite ______meet, some of their ______fuse

n  Their ______then fuse, undergo ______, and produce ______

Types of Fungi

n  Phylum Zygomycota (called zygomycetes)

n  Also called ______molds or ______molds

n  Reproduction has ______phases, one asexual and one sexual

n  An example is Rhizopus stolonifer (______)

n  Phylum Ascomycota (called ascomycetes)

n  Also called ______

n  30,000+ species of ______, ______, and ______

n  Examples include truffles, baker’s yeast

n  Phylum Basidiomycota (called basidiomycetes)

n  Fruiting bodies form ______(above ground)

n  Many are delicious, some can be ______

n  Phylum Deuteromycota (called deuteromycetes)

n  Also called “______” fungi because scientists have never been able to identify the ______stage of their life cycle

n  Example is Penicillium, which is used to make the ______penicillin; also the fungus that causes ______

Lichens

n  Look like ______, usually seen growing on ______trunks or ______

n  Not actually a ______organism – represents a symbiotic partnership between a ______and some photosynthetic organism, like a ______or ______

n  The autotroph performs ______, which provides nourishment for the fungus

n  The fungus provides the autotroph with ______and ______that it removes from the rock or the tree