2017 1st Semester ELA Review Guide
Part 1- Literature termsYou need to be able to answer the following questions-
-Buck fighting Spitz in The Call of the Wild is an example of?External conflict- person vs. person
-In The Call of the Wild, the character Spitz would be considered the __ of the storyAntagonist
-In The Call of the Wild, Buck would be considered the __ of the storyProtagonist
-In The Call of the Wild, Buck is torn between obeying “the law of the club” and being the team sled leader. This is an example of?Moral Dilemma
-In The Call of the Wild, the artic 1897 is an example of the ______of the storySetting
-In The Call of the Wild, Buck lays by the fire and things back about his old life, family, fighting with Spitz. This is an example of?Flashback
- In The Call of the Wild, the part of the plot where Buck joins the wolf-pack and runs side by side with his “wild-wolf brother” is the?Resolution
-In The Call of the Wild Curly is killed when she loses her footing in the fight. Later, Spitz is killed in a similar fashion. This is an example of ______? Foreshadow
-The reason for reading The Outsiders was for entertainment. This is an example of?Author’s purpose
-Johnny, Ponyboy, and Bob are all examples of ___ in a story.Characters
-The Outsidersin an example of which type of writing?Fiction
- InThe Outsiders Johnny has to choose between staying at the church or turning himself in for killing Bob. This is an example of?Internal Conflict
-In The Outsiders the message is that people basically the same problems, wants, needs, and desires no matter what side of the tracks you come from. What is this called?Theme
Part 2- Literature-You will read a passage and answer questions on the following topics- you need to know what these topics mean-
-How the setting effects the theme?
-Comparing and Contrasting- buzz words-
-Plot diagram- you will have to pick out events from the passage related to each part of the plot diagram- you must know each part- List the plot diagram and give the definition. Example- Which paragraph from the passage best represents the exposition?
-Theme of the story
-You will have to infer what character feels
-How the character effects the theme
-setting of the story
-conflict of the story- know the different conflicts
-mood of the story- what does mood mean?
***THE QUESTIONS FROM THE PASSAGE ARE ON THE TOPICS MENTIONED FROM ABOVE- LOOK THEM UP IF YOU DO NOT KNOW WHAT THEY MEAN
Part 3- Characterization
-Characterization can be found by- narrator’s comments, other character’s reactions, character’s thoughts, speech, and actions or physical appearance. What would be some examples of this?
EX- Scrooge said, “Ba Humbug” instead of Merry Christmas! (character’s thoughts, speech, actions)
EX- When the gentlemen visitor asked for a donation, Scrooge told him he would give nothing.(Character’s thoughts, speech, actions)
EX- Marley was wrapped in chains representing his greed (Physical Appearance)
Part 4- point of view
-Be able to identify first person, 3rd person-limited, and 3rd person- omniscient
1st person- I will be arriving tomorrow morning
3rd limited-
-Your exam will give an example of each type of point of view- you have to identify the correct pov
DRAMA/ACC
Know the definitions of the drama terms and how they apply to A Christmas Carol. Use your ACC notes and the textbook to study things like sequence of events, characters and their traits, theme and lessons from the play, and any significant dialogue.
ACT
DIALOGUE
FORESHADOW
SCENE
THEME
GRAMMAR/MECHANICS:
PUNCTUATION
Punctuation. Study ALL comma rules, as well as the other punctuation rules. Review your test and quizzes. This is only a SAMPLING of questions. The actual format will be multiple choice.
Insert punctuation as needed.
1. I have been to Florida many times, but I have never been to Gatorland.
2. Christy, did you hear that they have reopened this theme park?
3. Gatorland, a park that celebrates alligators, was opened in the 1950s.
4. This wildlife preserve houses the following animals: alligators, crocodiles, and caimen.
5. When I first heard of this park, I thought I would never want to go.
6. No, I haven’t changed my mind about that.
7. I’ve heard the park has large, hungry alligators all over the place.
8. There is also a new park in Florida; it is built entirely out of Legos.
9. I began my letter, “Dear Sir, I would like to request tickets for opening day at the new
park.”
Titles
Punctuate the following titles correctly.
The Giver (novel)- Italics
All Summer in a Day (short story) Quotes
Titanic (movie OR ship) Italics
USA Today (newspaper) Italics
Nothing Gold Can Stay (poem) Quotes
The Polar Express (movie OR book) Italics
The Puffy Shirt episode of Seinfeld (tv episode; tv show) Quotes
CAPITALIZATION Circle the letters that should be capitalized.
1. Betty went to Knoxville, Tennessee. She was born there on July 12, 1970. Her favorite team is VanderbiltUniversity.
2. Dear Bob, we’re having a wonderful time in Colorado. We wish you were here! Love, Sam.
3. Basketball has been part of the Olympics since 1936.
4. The Golden Gate Bridge connects San Francisco with MarinCounty.
5. “Could there be life on any planet besides earth?” asked Dalton.
6. Sarah, mom, dad, and our grandparents ate Mexican beans while drinking Fanta sodas poolside in Cabo San Lucas, Mexico.
7. The ambassador to Italy will speak today; Ambassador Smith is very well-known.
TYPES OF SENTENCES
Declarative- makes a statement- ends in a period- We are giving speeches in English class.
Imperative- ends in a period- makes a command- Pick up your pencil from the floor.
Exclamatory- ends in an !- I can’t wait until Christmas Break!!
Interrogative- ends in a ?- Are you going to study for your exam?
Label each sentence and add punctuation:
1.Go to lunch as quickly as possible . Imperative
2.Did you have a good time on your vacation? Interrogative
3.The sky is blue. Declarative
4.What a beautiful day it is! Exclamatory
Sentence structure:
Decide if each sentence is a sentence, fragment, or run-on. If it is not a sentence, fix it!
1.Over the river and through the woods- Fragment
2.I am having a good time at summer camp- Sentence
3.A huge green and white umbrella- Fragment
4.The unusual photograph developed; it was backwards- Sentence
5.When the music starts- Fragment
6.I had a great time at the dance- Sentence
7.But the star fell from the sky- Fragment
8.The beach was crowded people were everywhere- Run-On
9.The tree looks beautiful, and the lights are very bright- Sentence
10. I love shopping for Christmas presents- Sentence
Sentence structure:
Label each sentence as simple, compound, or complex..
1. A dog needs a rabies, distemper, and parvo shot.-Simple
2. I’d like to have a dog, but I’m allergic to animal hair.Compound
3. All the flights were booked, so we had to take the train.-Compound
4. After my brother saw the Globetrotters, he knew what he wanted to be when he grew up.Complex
5. In a cabin in the woods, a little man by the window stood. Simple
NOUNS
A. Know the difference between and be able to identify common and proper nouns:
B. Plurals - know how to form plural nouns correctly – review the many spelling rules!!
C. Possessives - know how to form them correctly
What are the three rules for forming possessive nouns?
D. Appositives – be able to identify appositives and appositive phrases
What is the clue in a sentence to help you find the appositive?
Underline each noun and label it common or proper.
1. Johnathan played the drums with talent.Proper, common, common
2.Friendship and joy are important this time of year.common, common, common, common
3.Thebravery and courage of the firefighters impressed the crowd.All common
4.Thepeople on the bus were going to Florida.Common, common, proper
Identify PN, DO, IO as applicable in the following sentences.
1. Brian ate his project. DO
2. The project was icing. PN
2. Brian cleaned the mess on the floor. DO
3. The maker of the mess was he. PN
4. Abby and Ethan providedBrianhelp in cleaning. Brian/IO help/DO
5. They gave him the broom. DO
Change the phrases below to use a possessive noun.
- the calf’s belonging to the cow
- the parents’ of triplets
- the car belonging to Jess Jess’s car
4. both parents’ house
- my father-in-law’s camera
Underline the appositive or appositive phrase in each sentence and circle the noun the appositive identifies.
1. Nicolas-Francois Appert, a French chef, found a method for preserving food.Nicolas-Francois Appert
2. Food spoilage, a serious social health problem, was causing disease.spoilage
3. A prize, a large sum of money, was the government’s reward for a solution.prize
5. Finally, Appert discovered an answer, a rather simple method.answer
PRONOUNS
A. Know and be able to identify the following kinds of pronouns:
1. personal
a. subject
b. object
c. possessive
2. interrogative
3. demonstrative
4. reflexive
B. Antecedents – be able to identify the antecedent of the pronoun
What is the definition of antecedent?
C. Using subject and object pronouns
Know how pronouns are used in the following situations:
1. compound subjects/objects
2. after a preposition
3. after a linking verb
4. after an action verb
D. Know how to use whose/who’s/who/whom correctly
Practice:
Underline each pronoun and write its antecedent next to the sentence.
1. The palm tree in the back yard is decorated in lights that cover it. palm tree
2. On the deck is a grill with hamburgers on it. grill
3. Bryson’s collection of water guns is growing; it is taking over the garage shelves. collection
4. Through the summer, the family spends a lot of time playing with them. water guns
5. The hamburgers smell good in the neighborhood. Everyone can smell them cooking. Hamburgers- antecedent for everyone not clear
6. On account of the warm weather, most of our summer activities are outside. family
Circle the correct pronoun and write subject or object in the blank.
1. The boy in the yard waved as (we, us) passed in the car. _____subject_____
2. (We, Us) went to see the movie about a pig. ____subject______
3. Bryson and (I, me) grew fond of the cats at the shelter. _____subject______
4. The door to the hallway slammed at midnight and scared (them, they). __object____
5. The director and (we, us) were thrilled with the good review. ___subject____
6. (He, him) and Sally went down the hill to retrieve the ball. ___subject____
Put the correct interrogative pronoun in the blank. (who, whom, whose, who’s)
1. ____Who_____ is the man at the grocery store?
2. _____Whose_____ eggs were in that carton?
3. _____Who’s_____ coming to the dinner next week?
4. _____Whom______did you see in line?
5. To ___whom____ were the cashiers rude?
PREPOSITIONS
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
A. Be able to identify a complete prepositional phrase
1. what does a prepositional phrase begin with?
2. what does the prepositional phrase end with (part of speech) and what is it called?
B. Be able to tell which word the prepositional phrase modifies (describes).
C. Know how to tell if the phrase is an adjective or adverb phrase.
D. Be prepared to fix misplaced modifiers.
Practice:
Underline the prepositional phrases in the following sentences. Circle the objects of the prepositions.
1. The tree in the living room is decorated in ribbon and lights. living room, ribbon and lights
2. On the mantleover the fireplace, there is holly and nutcrackers. mantle, fireplace
3. Macy’s collection of nutcrackers is growing year by year. nutcrackers, year
4. Through the holiday, the family gathers around the tree. holiday, tree
5. My work on the cross-stitch stocking is slow.cross-stitch
6. On accountof the cold weather, most of our outside decorating was postponed. account, weather, decorating
Circle the word modified by each underlined prepositional phrase and then label each phrase as an adjective or adverb phrase.
1. The boy in the yard waved as we passed in the car. ____adj______boy
2. We went to see the movie about a pig. ______adj______movie
3. Bryson and I grew fond of the cats at the shelter. ______adv______fond
4. The door to the hallway slammed at midnight and scared the girls. ____adv___ slammed
5. All of the people in the play were thrilled with the good review. _____adv_____ thrilled
6. Because of the rain, the picnic was cancelled. ____adv____ cancelled
Write C if the sentence is correct; write M if it contains a misplaced prepositional phrase. If you write M, rewrite the sentence correctly.
1. The man at the grocery store with the blue hat was buying eggs. ___M___
The man with the blue hat at the grocery store was buying eggs.
2. The eggs were in a carton. __C__
3. Most of the people had full baskets in line. __M___
Most of the people had full baskets in line.
4. All of the women for Thanksgiving dinner were buying turkeys. __M__
All of the women were buying turkeys for Thanksgiving dinner.
5. The cashiers were friendly to the customers. __C__
Identify each underlined word as a preposition or an adverb.
1. We ran around and played in the yard. ___adv___
2. The car drove around the block quickly. ____prep____
3. We went down the hill to retrieve the sled.____prep____
4. The little boy fell down when he tried to reach the high shelf. ___adv____
5. Inside the barn, the horses were sleeping soundly. ____prep____
ROOTS
Know the following roots, prefixes, and suffixes. Again, it could be matching definitions OR you may have to figure out what unfamiliar words mean based on the meanings of the parts.
biodentdeun
phonscrib/scriptpreize
spec/spectteleil/im/in/iror
trierlyuni
graphunation/ion
vitdisment
vivize
Practice:
Find your old quizzes and tests to give you an idea of what questions may look like. Study your flash cards for the roots, prefixes, and suffixes. Study your notes, the quizlets, and old practice pages.