Name:______Due Date______

A.P. WORLD HISTORY

Theme-“Changes in European Institutions”

Unit #3: Regional and trans-regional interactions

OVERVIEW:

In the centuries after the fall of the Roman Empire, Western Europe underwent a period of political, economic, and social upheaval that continued until about 900CE. The one stabilizing force throughout most of Western Europe was the Roman Catholic Church. Only in Spain, dominated by Muslim influences, and in the Byzantine Empire did the learning of the Greeks and Romans thrive in Europe.

THEMATIC SUB-TOPIC: After mastering this theme, you should be able to satisfactorily describe, analyze, and discuss the following topics:

  1. Eastern Christendom: Byzantine Empire
  2. Western Christendom
  3. Role and structure of the catholic church
  4. The Crusades
  5. State and Culture of Medieval Europe

KEY TERMS:

Define each of the following terms in your spiral notebooks in your own words. Include for each term the “Who, What, Where, When, Why, and How?” You may not type your definitions… they must be hand-written in your spiral notebook!! Google is your friend!!

Review Vocabulary

PaxRomana

Edict of Milan

Constantine

Germanic Invaders

Twelve Tables

MULTIPLE CHOICE/TRUE-FALSE:For each of the questions below, choose the answer that best fits. Answer ALL of the multiple choice questions on the attached page.

Sub-topic #1: Byzantine Empire (425-435)

Justinian’s Code

Orthodox

Cyrillic Alphabet

KievanRus

Prince Vladimir of Kiev

_____1.Which of the following statements about the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire is most accurate?

  1. The Pope had greater authority in the Byzantine Empire than the Roman Empire.
  2. The Roman Empire had more Greek influences than the Byzantine Empire.
  3. The Roman Empire had a more prosperous silk industry than the Byzantine Empire.
  4. The Roman Empire was less centralized than the Byzantine Empire.

_____2.Which of the following statements about the Byzantines is false?

  1. They used coined money.
  1. They practiced Orthodox Christianity.
  1. They kept Roman legal traditions alive.
  1. They used Latin as their primary language.

_____3.A major effect of the Viking raids during the ninth and tenth centuries was that they

  1. facilitated the spread of Christianity to the British Isles.
  1. culminated in a permanent Norwegian presence in North America.
  1. revolutionized sailing technologies in the Mediterranean Sea.
  1. contributed to the consolidation of strong European governments.

_____4.After the eighth century, Byzantine culture began to have a great influence on which of the following?

  1. Russia and other Slavic-speaking countries of Eastern Europe
  1. Swahili city-states of Eastern Africa
  1. The city of Córdoba in the Iberian peninsula
  1. Frankish regions of Northern Europe

_____5.Justinian’s Code can be described as

  1. an adaptation of the feudal code of chivalry.
  1. a codification of Roman law.
  1. the first written form of government in Western civilization.
  1. an attempt by the emperor Justinian to form a political alliance with the Persians.

_____6.Which of the following was NOT a feature of the Byzantine emperor Justinian’s reign?

  1. An effort to rebuild and beautify the city of Constantinople
  1. The construction of monuments and churches, such as the Hagia Sophia
  1. The codification of Roman law
  1. A military alliance with the Umayyad Caliphate against the Persian Empire

Sub-topic #2: Western Christendom (435-442)

Charles Martel

Hundred Year’s War

Vikings

Charlemagne

Holy Roman Empire

Roman Catholic Church

Benefice

Chivalry

Excommunication

Feudalism

Fief

Gothic Architecture

Manorialism

Vassal

_____1.A major effect of the Viking raids during the ninth and tenth centuries was that they

  1. contributed to the consolidation of strong European governments.
  2. revolutionized sailing technologies in the Mediterranean Sea.
  3. culminated in a permanent Norwegian presence in North America.
  4. facilitated the spread of Christianity to the British Isles.

_____2.The rise of Muscovy, or Moscow, to predominance among Russian cities was facilitated most directly by its

  1. proximity to the Western world, from which it imported new technologies.
  1. mutual-protection agreement with the Byzantine Empire.
  1. possession of the sole warm-water port in European Russia.
  1. leadership role in Russian opposition to rule by the Mongol Golden Horde.

_____3.In contrast to most preceding societies in Europe and Asia, women during the High Middle Ages

  1. had some marital and property rights.
  1. dominated the domestic sphere.
  1. could obtain an education at the European universities.
  1. were banned from entering religious life.

_____4.In what way was trade during the Middle Ages different from trade in the Roman Empire?

  1. It was organized according to a guild system.
  1. Arab merchants promoted trade between Europe and the Middle East.
  1. Most trade goods were agricultural implements manufactured in the countryside.
  2. Only wealthy nobles could afford to buy trade goods.

_____5.Which of the following emerged as commercial centers for textile production during the High Middle Ages?

  1. Norse villages in Scandinavia and Iceland
  1. KievanRus and other regions of Northeastern Europe
  1. The city-states of Eastern Africa
  1. Flanders and the Northern Italian cities

_____6.A demographic profile of Western Europe during the High Middle Ages (1000-1300) would observe

  1. a population shift from the cities to the countryside.
  1. a population increase as new agricultural methods resulted in a larger harvest.
  2. a greater number of merchants and artisans than peasants.
  1. a drastic population decrease as epidemics decimated the European population.

_____7.Which of the following was a major initiative of Charlemagne as he enlarged the Carolingian Empire?

  1. The spread of Christianity through arts and education
  1. Encouragement of the growth of manorialism
  1. The levying of taxes in order to support a centralized empire
  1. The maintenance of peace through religious toleration toward non-Christians

Sub-topic #3: The Crusades (442-445)

Pope Urban II

Saladin

Holy Land

_____1.Which of the following was a Muslim ruler who posed a significant challenge to the Crusader kingdoms established in the Middle East?

A)Mansa Musa

B)Saladin

C)IbnBattuta

D)Abu Bakr

_____2.2. Which of the following provides the most accurate description of the Crusades?

  1. The series of battles leading up to the Roman conquest of Gaul
  2. Attacks by the Mongols on Byzantine cities under the leadership of Genghis khan
  3. A series of battles in the Holy Land between Muslims and Christians
  4. The conquest of China following the Mongol Civil War

_____3. The crusades were generally fought by

  1. Jews against European Catholics.
  2. European Catholics against Muslims.
  3. Muslims against Mongols.
  4. European Catholics against the polytheistic Germanic tribes.

Sub-topic #4: State, Culture, Achievements

Gothic Architecture

Cathedral

Pluralism

Marco Polo

Moldboard Plow

Hanseatic League

Monastic System

Scholasticism

_____1.Which of the following is the name of a collection of Baltic and North Sea city-states that established common trade practices in 1241?

  1. The Hanseatic League
  2. The East European Union
  3. The Silk Road
  4. The Eastern Orthodoxy

_____2.The Russian state adopted Christianity during the

  1. tenth century.
  1. thirteenth century.
  1. sixth century.
  1. fourth century.

_____3.One way in which Western monasticism was similar to Islamic intellectual developments of the time was that both

  1. limited the authority of Catholicism.
  1. were responsible for preserving ancient Greek and Roman texts.
  1. fostered a strong, centralized bureaucracy.
  1. encouraged the reunification of Christianity following the schism of 1054.

_____4.In which of the following areas did Western Europeans show their devotion to the Catholic Church?

A) / Literature / B) / Architecture
C) / Art styles / D) / All of the above

SHORT ANSWER:Answer the below questions in complete sentences. Remember to restate the question. Refer to pages in 425-453.

  • How did Eastern Orthodox Christianity differ from Roman Catholicism? (429)
  • In what ways was the Byzantine Empire linked to a wider world? (432)
  • How did links to Byzantium transform the new civilizations of KievanRus? (433)
  • What replaced the Roman order in Western Europe? (435)
  • In what ways was European civilization changing after 1000? (438)
  • What was the impact of the Crusades in world history? (442)
  • In what ways did borrowing from abroad shape European civilization after 1000? (446)
  • Why was Europe unable to achieve the kind of political unity that China experienced? What impact did this have on Europe’s history? (448)

Essay Practice: Create a graphic organizer and thesis for the following question:

Analyze and describe how the relationship between religion and the state changed from 600 to 1450 in ONE of the following areas. Be sure to discuss the factors that led to these changes.
Eastern Europe

Mesoamerica
Middle East

Japan