Sea Breeze Land Breeze

Ch 2 section 3

LOCAL WINDS

Sea breeze Land breeze

FROM: sea (HP) cold FROM: land (HP) cold

TO: land (LP) hot TO: sea (LP) hot

Daytime Nighttime

SEA: cold, high pressure SEA: hot, low pressure

LAND: hot, low pressure LAND: cold, high pressure

**** Land heats and cools more quickly than water

Land has a lower specific heat than water, high.

Land breezes occur because land cools more quickly than water.

Sea breezes occur because land heats more quickly than water.

Winds:

Hot – low pressure

Cold – High pressure

Winds are caused by differences in air pressure

Winds blow from cold to hot

Winds blow from high pressure to low pressure

** Memory: Winds blow from high to low, pressure

Ex : HP(cold = bowling ball) takes out, by going under,

LP(hot = pins), by going over

Cold, high pressure is MORE DENSE than hot, low pressure

Warm air rises because… it is less dense.

Cold air sinks because… it is more dense

Convection Currents –

Upward movement of hot air (hot air balloon)

And a downward movement of cold air

Wind speed is measured by – ANEMOMETER

Wind direction is measured by – WIND VANE

Wind is named for where it comes FROM:

NE wind: S wind:

FROM: NE FROM: S

TO: SW TO: N

Wind-chill factor (wcf):

Increased cooling winds cause

Wind-chill factor = wind speed + temperature

What is the coldest place on Earth?

Poles (North and South Poles) – indirect sunlight

What is the hottest place on Earth?

Equator – direct sunlight

Different heating on the Earth because of the TILT

Global Winds – caused by unequal heating of the Earth

- winds blow from cold poles to hot equator

- giant convection currents

In the Northern Hemisphere the winds blow South

In the Southern Hemisphere the winds blow North

Coriolis Effect – winds curve because of the Earth’s

rotation (go west in both hemispheres)