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BIBLIOGRAPHY ON HRH IN AFRICA

30 September 2004

BACKGROUND DOCUMENTS

Liese, B., Blanchet, N., & Dussault, G. (2003). Background paper on the human resource crisis in health services. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.[Full Text]

Matsiko, C.W. & Kiwanuka, J. (2003). A review of human resource for health in Uganda. Health Policy and Development, 1 (1), 15-20. [Full Text]

Narasimhan, V., Brown, H., Pablos-Mendez, A., Adams, O., Dussault, G., Elzinga, G., Nordstrom, A., Habte, D., Jacobs, M., Solimano, G., Sewankambo, N., Wibulpolprasert, S., Evans, T., & Chen, L. (2004). Responding to the global human resources crisis. The Lancet, 363, 1469-1472. [Full Text]

USAID Support for Analysis and Research in Africa. (2003). The health sector human resource crisis in Africa: An issues paper.Washington, D.C.: Bureau for Africa, Office of Sustainable Development, [Full Text]

WHO. (2004). Chapter 4 Health systems: Finding new strength. World Health Report 2004(pp. 57-71). Geneva: WHO. [Full Text]

WHO/AFRO. (2002). Planning health workers at the heart of health services delivery in Africa: A synopsis. [Brochure]. Brazzaville: WHO/AFRO. [Full Text]

BALANCE AND DISTRIBUTION

Dussault, G. & Franceschini, M. (2003). Not enough here, too many there: Understanding geographical imbalances in the distribution of health personnel.Washington, D.C.: World Bank Institute.

Egger, D. & Adams, O. (1999). Imbalances in human resources for health: Can policy formulation and planning make a difference? Geneva: World Health Organization. [Full Text]

Gupta, N., Zurn, P., Diallo, K., & Dal Poz, M. (2003). Uses of population census data for monitoring geographical imbalance in the health workforce: Snapshots from three developing countries. International Journal for Equity in Health, 2, (11). [Full Text]

Makan, B. (1998). Chapter 7: Distribution of health personnel. In A. Ntuli (Ed.), South African Health Review 1998 (pp. 63-82). South Africa: Health Systems Trust. [Full Text]

Padarath, A., Chamberlain, C., McCoy, D., Ntuli, A., Rowson, M., & Loewenson, R. (2003). Health personnel in Southern Africa: Confronting maldistribution and brain drain. EQUINET Discussion Paper No. 3. [Full Text]

Reid, S. & Conco, D. (1999). Chapter 17: Monitoring the implementation of community service. In N. Crisp (Ed.), South African Health Review 1999 (pp. 233-248). South Africa: Health Systems Trust.[Full Text]

Southern African Regional Network on Equity in Health (EQUINET) & Health Systems Trust South Africa (HST). (2004). Equity in the distribution of health personnel. Regional Research Review Meeting Report,15-17 April, Johannesburg, South Africa: EQUINET & HST.[Full Text]

Van Rensburg, D. & Van Rensburg, N. (1999). Chapter 16: Distribution of human resources. In N. Crisp (Ed.), South African Health Review 1999 (pp. 201-232). South Africa: Health Systems Trust.

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Wibulpolprasert, S. (1999). Inequitable distribution of doctors: Can it be solved? Human Resources Development Journal, 1.[Full Text]

World Health Organization (WHO). (2002).Technical consultation on imbalances in the health workforce. Report of a Technical Consultation, 10-12 March, Ottawa, Canada.Geneva: Evidence and Information Policy Department of Health Service Provision, WHO.[FullText]

Zurn, P., Dal Poz, M., Stilwell, B., & Adams, O. (2002). Imbalances in the health workforce: Briefing paper.Geneva: Evidence and Information for Policy, Health Service Provision, WHO. [Full Text]

CAPACITYBUILDING

Chen, L. (2004). Harnessing the power of human resources for achieving the MDGs. Presentation at the High Level Forum on the Health MDGs, Session on Human Resources in Health.Geneva: WHO. [Full Text]

Johnson, S. (2000). Building capacity in human resources management for health sector reform and the organizations and institutions comprising the sector.Boston: LAC Health Sector Reform Initiative, Management Sciences in Health.[1][Full Text]

Kurowski, C., Wyss, K., Abdulla, S., Yémadji, N., & Mills, A. (2003). Human resources for health: Requirements and availability in the context of scaling up priority interventions in low-income countries. Case studies from Tanzania and Chad. London: LondonSchool of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.

Picazo, O. (2002). Better health outcomes from limited resources: Focusing on priority services in Malawi. Africa Region Human Development Working Paper Series. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.

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The Rockefeller Foundation. (2003). Human resources for health and development.New York: Rockefeller Foundation.[Full Text]

WHO & the World Bank Group. (2003). Improving health workforce performance. Issues for discussion: Session 4. High-level Forum on the Health Millennium Development Goals. Geneva: WHO.

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WHO. (2001). Workshop on global health workforce strategy. Annecy, France, 9-12 December 2000. Geneva: WHO. [Full Text]

Wyss, K. (2004). An approach to classifying human resources constraints to attaining health-related Millennium Development Goals. Human Resources of Health 2004, 2(11).[Full Text]

EDUCATION AND TRAINING

Harden, R. & Hart, I. (2002). An international virtual medical school (IVIMEDS): The future for medical education? Medical Technology, 24 (3), 261-267.

Kavalier, F. (1998). Uganda: Death is always just around the corner. The Lancet, 352, 141-142. [Full Text]

Kortenbout, E. (1998). Chapter 6: Production of nurses in South Africa. In A. Ntuli (Ed.), South African Health Review 1998 (pp. 51-62). South Africa: Health Systems Trust. [FullText]

Kunavitktikul, W. (2003). Training of human resources for health: An integrative literature review. Joint Learning Initiative on Human Resources for Health and Development. JLI Working Paper 2-8.

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Lehmann, U. & Sanders, D. (1999). Chapter 15: The production of doctors. In N. Crisp (Ed.), South African Health Review 1999 (pp. 187-200). South Africa: Health Systems Trust. [Full Text]

Majoor, G. (2004). Recent innovations in education of human resources for health. Joint Learning Initiative on Human Resources for Health and Development. JLI Working Paper 2-3. Draft version – not for citation.[Full Text]

Mekwa, J. (2000). Chapter 13: Transformation in nursing education. In A. Ntuli (Ed.), South African Health Review 2000 (pp. 271-284).South Africa: Health Systems Trust. [Full Text]

Moomal, H. & Pick, W. (1998). Chapter 5: Production of doctors in South Africa. In A. Ntuli (Ed.), South African Health Review 1998 (pp. 45-50). South Africa: Health Systems Trust. [Full Text]

Ndumbe, P. (2004). The training of human resources for health in Africa. Joint Learning Initiative on Human Resources for Health, Rockefeller Foundation, Africa Working Group.Cameroon: University of Yaounde.[Full Text]

Sohani, S., Sharif, S., & Fox, J. (2002). Preparing nurses for facility management. Aga Khan Health Services Kenya, Community Health Department, Policy Brief No. 2. [Full Text]

Strasser, S. & Gwele, N. (1998). Chapter 8: Nurse oriented primary health care. In A. Ntuli (Ed.),South African Health Review 1998 (pp. 83-92). South Africa: Health Systems Trust. [Full Text]

Strehler, A. (2002). Mapping the capacity for technology-supported and technology-based distance learning in public health education in and for Africa. South Africa: AfriHealth.[Full Text]

Varkevisser, C. M., Mwaluko, G. M., & Le Grand, A. (2001). Research in action: The training approach of the joint health systems research project for the Southern African Region. Health Policy and Planning, 16 (3), 281-291. [Full Text]

WHO/AFRO. (2000). Report of the consultative meeting on nursing and midwifery education and practice in Africa. Consultative Meeting on Nursing and Midwifery Education and Practice in Africa, 3-7 April, Durban, South Africa. South Africa: WHO. [Full Text]

WHOthe World Bank Group. (2002). Building strategic partnerships in education and health in Africa. Report from the Consultative Meeting on Improving Collaboration between Health Professionals, Governments, and Other Stakeholders in Human Resources for Health Development, 29 January-1 February, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. South Africa: WHO. [Full Text]

GENDER

LiverpoolSchool of Tropical Medicine. (2000). Gender inequalities and health sector reform. Policy Briefings for Health Sector Reform No 2.United Kingdom:LiverpoolSchool of Tropical Medicine & DFID. [Full Text]

Ramirez-Valles, J. (1998). Promoting health, promoting women: The construction of female and professional identities in the discourse of community health workers. Social Science and Medicine, 47(11), 1749-1762.

Standing, H. (2000). Gender – A missing dimension in human resource policy and planning for health reforms. Human Resources Development Journal, 4(1).[Full Text]

HIV/AIDSTB

Aitken, J.M. & Kemp, J. (2003). HIV/AIDS, equity, and health sector personnel in Southern Africa. EQUINET Discussion Paper No. 12. [Full Text]

Cohen, D. (2002). Human capital and the HIV epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa. Working Paper 2. Geneva: ILO Programme on HIV/AIDS & the World of Work.[Full Text]

Harries, A., Zachariah, R., Bergstrom, K., Salaniponi, F., & Elzinga, G. (2003). Human Resources for control of TB and HIV-associated TB. Global Health Trust Working Group 5. Draft form only – not for citation. [Full Text]

Huddart, J., Furth, R., & Lyons, J. (2004). The Zambia HIV/AIDS workforce study: Preparing to scale up. Bethesda, MD: Quality Assurance Project/USAID. [Full Text]

Kemp, J., Aitken, J.M., LeGrand, S., & Mwale, B. (2003). Equity in health sector responses to HIV/AIDS in Malawi. EQUINET Discussion Paper No. 3. Harare: EQUINET & Oxfam.[FullText]

Kober, K. & Van Damme, W. (2004). Scaling up access to antiretroviral treatment in southern Africa: Who will do the job? The Lancet, 364 (9428), 6-8. [Full Text]

Kushner, A., Mannion, S., & Muyco, A. (2004). Secondary crisis in African health care. The Lancet, 363, 1478. [Full Text]

Muula, A. (2004). Ethical and programmatic challenges in antiretroviral scaling-up in Malawi: Challenges in meeting the World Health Organization’s “Treating 3 Million by 2005” initiative goals. Croatian Medical Journal, 45 (4), 415-421. [Full Text]

Tawfik, L. & Kinoti, S. (2003). The impact of HIV/AIDS on health systems and the health workforce in Sub-Saharan Africa.Washington, D.C.: SARA Project, USAID Bureau for Africa.[Full Text]

UNAIDS. (2002). HIV/AIDS: Human resources and sustainable development. World Summit on Sustainable Development, 2002, Johannesburg.Geneva: UNAIDS.[Full Text]

UNAIDS. (2000). Caring for carers: Managing stress in those who care for people with HIV and AIDS. UNAIDS Best Practice Collection. Geneva: UNAIDS. [Full Text]

WHO Swaziland. (2004). Averting a complex emergency in Swaziland: Stakeholders debate WHO recommendations meeting transforming health services delivery. Press Release 30 July 2004. Retrieved at a complex emergency in Swaziland.pdf[Full Text]

Wyss, K. (2004).Scaling-up anti-retroviral treatment and human resources for health: What are the challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa.Basel: Centre for International Health,Swiss Tropical Institute. [Full Text]

HRH & HEALTH SECTOR REFORMS

Alwan, A. & Hornby, P. (2002). The implications of health sector reform for human resources development. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 80 (1), 56-60. [Full Text]

Dovlo, D. (1998). Health sector reform and deployment, training, and motivation of human resources towards equity in health care: Issues and concerns in Ghana. Thailand: Human Resources for Health Development Journal. [Full Text]

Dussault, G. & Dubois, C. (2003). Human resources for health policies: A critical component in health policies. Human Resources in Health 2003, 1(1). [Full Text]

Martineau, T. & Buchan, J. (2000). Human resources and the success of health sector reform. Presented at 128th Annual Meeting of the American Public Health Association, 12-16 November 2000,Boston. [Full Text]

Martineau, T. & Martinez, J. (1996). Human resources and health sector reforms. Workshop on Human Resources and Health Sector Reforms: Research and Development Priorities in Developing Countries, 16-18 April 1996. Liverpool: International Health Division, LiverpoolSchool of Tropical Medicine. [Full Text]

Mutizwa-Mangiza, D. (1998). The impact of health sector reform on public sector health worker motivation in Zimbabwe. Partnerships for Health Reform, Major Applied Research Paper No. 4. Bethesda, MD: Abt Associates Inc. [Full Text]

Rigoli, F. & Dussault, G. (2003). The interface between health sector reform and human resources in health. Human Resources in Health 2003, 1 (9). [FullText]

HRH LEGISLATION

Commonwealth Secretariat. (2002). Commonwealth code of practice for international recruitment of health workers.London: Commonwealth Secretariat. [Full Text]

International Labor Organization. (1998). Terms of employment and working conditions in health sector reforms. Report for discussion at the Joint Meeting on Terms of Employment and Working conditions in Health Sector Reforms.Geneva:ILO. [Full Text]

HRH POLICY

Anand, S. & Baernighausen, T. (2003). Human resources and health outcomes. Joint Learning Initiative on Human Resources for Health and Development, JLI Working Paper 7-2. [Full Text]

Beaglehole, R. & Dal Poz, M. (2003). Public health workforce: Challenges and policy issues. Human Resources for Health 2003, 1 (4). [FullText]

Buchan, J. (2004). What difference does (“good”) HRM make? Human Resources For Health 2004, 2 (6). [Full Text]

Corkery, J. (2000). Public service reforms and their impact on health sector personnel in Uganda.Impact of Public Service Reforms on Health Personnel.Geneva: ILO & WHO. [Full Text]

Ferrinho, P. & Dal Poz, M. (2003). Towards a global health workforce strategy. Studies in Health Organization and Policy, 21. Antwerp: ITG Press. [Full Text]

Husain, Z. M. (1997). Human resources development: A new look. Human Resources Development Journal, 1997-1998 (2). [Full Text]

Jones, J. S. (1999). SA doctors speak on migration. South African Medical Journal, 89 (1). [Full Text]

Klugman, B. & McIntyre, D. (2000). From policy, through budgets, to implementation: Delivering quality health care services. South Africa: Women’s Budget Initiative, IDASA. [Full Text]

Kolehmainen-Aitken, R-L. (2003). Decentralization’s impact on the health workforce: Perspectives of managers, workers, and national leaders. Joint Learning Initiative on Human Resources for Health and Development. Working Group 3. Draft version – not for citation. [Full Text]

Kolehmainen-Aitken, R-L. (1998). Decentralization and human resources: Implications and impacts. Human Resources Development Journal, 2 (1), 1-16. [Full Text]

Lethbridge, J. (2003). Public sector reform and HRH demand. Human Resources for Health and Development: A Joint Learning Initiative Working Group 3. Draft version – not for citation.

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Lowell, L. B. (2001). Policy responses to the international mobility of skilled labor. International Migration Paper 45. Geneva: ILO. [Full Text]

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2002). International migration of physicians and nurses: Causes, consequences, and health policy interventions. Paper presented at expert meeting for human resources for healthcare of the OECD Health Project, Paris, France. Not online – in draft form only.

Martineau, T. & Buchan, J. (2000). HR and the success of health sector reform: Eliminating health disparities. Human Resources for Health Development Journal, 4 (3). [Full Text]

Martineau, T., Martinez, J. (1998). Rethinking human resources: An agenda for the millennium. Health Policy and Planning, 13 (4), 345-358. [Full Text]

Martinez, J. & Collini, L. (1999). A review of the human resources issues in the health sector: A briefing paper.London: HealthSystemsResourceCenter, DFID. [Full Text]

Ngufor, G. (1999). Publicservice reforms and their impact on health sector personnel in Cameroon.Impact of Public Service Reforms on Health Personnel. Geneva: ILO & WHO. [Full Text]

WHO. (2002). Human resources for health: Developing policy options for change. Discussion Paper Draft. Geneva: WHO. [Full Text]

WHO, ILO, International Council of Nurses (ICN), & Public Services International (PSI). (2001). Public service reforms and their impact on health sector personnel - Critical questions: A tool for action. Geneva: WHO, ILO, ICN, & PSI. [Full Text]

Wyss, K., Moto, D.D., & Callewaert, B. (2001). Constraints to scaling-up health related interventions: The case of Chad. Commission on Macroeconomics and Health (CMH) Working Paper Series, Paper No. WG5, 17. [Full Text]

LABOR MARKETS

Mehmet, O. (2002). The emerging global labor market: Some implications for international health. Presentation at the Consultation on Imbalances in the Health Workforce, 10-12 March 2002, Ottawa, Canada.

Wahba, J. (2003). Health labor markets: Incentives or institutions. Global Health Trust Working Group 7. UK: University of Southampton. Draft form only – not for citation. [Full Text]

LESSONS LEARNED IN HRH

Glenngard, A. & Anell, A. (2003). Investment in human resources for health – Problems, approaches, and donor experiences. Joint Learning Initiative on Human Resources for Health and Development. JLI Working Paper 2-6. Draft version – not for citation. [Full Text]

WHO. (2004). The health workforce: Current challenges. Geneva: WHO.

MIGRATIONAND MOBILITY ISSUES

Adams, R.H. (2003). International migration, remittances, and the brain drain: A study of 24 labor- exporting countries. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3069. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.[2][Full Text]

Aiken, L., Buchan, J., Sochalski, J., Nichols, B., & Powell, M. (2004). Trends in international nurse migration. Health Affairs, 23(3), 69-77. [Full Text]

Alkire, S. & Chen, L. (2004). “Medical exceptionalism” in international migration: Should doctors and nurses be treated differently? Joint Learning Initiative onHuman Resources for Health. Working Group 7. Draft version – not for citation. [Full Text]

Awases, M., Gbary, A., Nyoni, J., & Chatora, R. (2004). Migration of health professionals in six countries: A synthesis report. Brazzaville: WHO-AFRO DHS. In press.

Buchan, J., Parkin, T., & Sochalski, J. (2003).International nurse mobility: Trends and policy implications. Geneva: World Health Organization. [Full Text]

Bundred, P. & Levitt, C. (2000). Medical migration: Who are the real losers? The Lancet, 356, 245-246. [Full Text]

Campbell, E.K. (2002). Skills and brain drain and the movement of skilled migrants in Southern Africa. Paper presented at SAMP/LHR/HSRC Workshop on Regional Integration, Poverty, and South Africa’s Proposed Migration Policy, 23 April 2002, Pretoria, South Africa. [Full Text]

Dovlo, D. (2004). Causes of health worker migration: Perspectives from Ghana. Paper presented at the Institute of Future Studies Workshop on Global Migration, 11-12 June 2004, Stockholm, Sweden. [Full Text]

Dovlo, D. (2003). The brain drain and retention of health professionals in Africa. Regional Training Conference on Improving Tertiary Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Things That Work! 23-25 September 2003, Accra, Ghana. [Full Text]

Dovlo, D. & Nyonator, F. (1999). Migration by graduates of the University of Ghana Medical School: A preliminary rapid appraisal. Human Resources for Health Development Journal, 3 (1), 40-51. [Full Text]

Fresta, E., Fresta, M.J., & Ferrinho, P. (2000). The internal brain drain in the Angolan health sector. In P. Ferrinho & W. Van Lerberghe (Eds.),Providing Health Care Under Adverse Conditions(pp. 43- 52). Antwerp: ITG Press. [Full Text]

Gaidzanwa, R. (1999). Voting with their feet: Migrant Zimbabwean nurses and doctors in the era of structural adjustment. Research Report No. 11. Sweden: Motala Grafiska. [Full Text]

International Organization of Migration. (2004). The IOM’s Activities in Human Resource Development including Reversing the Brain Drain.Seminar on Health and Migration, 9-11 June 2004, Geneva, Switzerland. [Full Text]

International Organization of Migration. (2004). The migration of health care workers: Creative solutions of manage health workforce migration. Seminar on Health and Migration, 9-11 June 2004, Geneva, Switzerland. [Full Text]

International Organization for Migration. (2003). Chapter 12: Linkages between brain drain, labour migration and remittances in Africa. World Migration 2003 (pp.215-238). Geneva: IOM.

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