Defining the New Republic (1800-1848), part1:

Jeffersonian Democracy to Mass Democracy (Ch. 11-13)

...is about exploring the implications of the Jefferson administration, War of 1812, and Jackson administration on the economy, American Indians, and political process.

Objectives:

1.  Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the Jefferson administration and the “Revolution of 1800.”

2.  Analyze the causes and effects of the Louisiana Purchase.

3.  Analyze the short and long-term causes and effects of the War of 1812.

4.  Analyze the significance of the Supreme Court and the legal precedents it set between 1800 and 1848.

5.  Analyze how global developments impacted the United States and the changes and continuities in its foreign policy between 1800 and 1848.

6.  Analyze how different ideas about the federal government’s role in social and economic life impacted politics, the party system, and growth of mass democracy.

7.  Compare the administrations and impact of Thomas Jefferson and Andrew Jackson.

Key Concepts:

Explain the definition, role, and significance of…

Chapter 11
Revolution of 1800
Aaron Burr
Judiciary Act of 1801
Marbury v. Madison
Tripolitan War
Haitian Revolution
Louisiana Purchase
Lewis & Clark
Orders in Council
Impressment
Chesapeake affair
Embargo Act
Non-Intercourse Act
Macon’s Bill #2
War hawks
Tecumseh
“The Prophet”
Battle of Tippecanoe / Chapter 12
War of 1812
Canada
Battle of New Orleans
Treaty of Ghent
Congress of Vienna
Hartford Convention
Nationalism
Tariff of 1816
American System
James Monroe
Era of Good Feelings
Panic of 1819
Land Act of 1820
Tallmadge amendment
Peculiar institution
Missouri compromise / McCulloch v. Maryland
Cohens v. Virginia
Fletcher v. Peck
Dartmouth v. Woodward
Anglo-American Convention
Florida Purchase Treaty
Adams-Onis Treaty
Seminole Wars
Oregon border
Monroe Doctrine
Russo-American Treaty
Webster-Ashburton Treaty / Chapter 13
Corrupt bargain
Henry Clay
John Quincy Adams
Andrew Jackson
Spoils system
Tariff of Abominations
Nullification crisis
Compromise Tariff of 1833
Force Bill
Indian Removal Act
Trail of Tears
Worcester v. Georgia
Black Hawk War / Bank War
Nicholas Biddle
Specie Circular
Whigs
Martin Van Buren
Panic of 1837
Texas
Sam Houston
Alamo
Santa Anna
William Henry Harrison
Daniel Webster
Election of 1840

Theme: Jefferson’s effective, pragmatic policies strengthened the principles of two-party republican government, even while sharp partisan battles broke out between Federalists and Republicans over particular issues.

Theme: Despite his intentions, Jefferson became deeply entangled in the foreign-policy conflicts of the Napoleonic era, leading to a highly unpopular and failed embargo that revived the moribund Federalist Party.

Theme: James Madison fell into an international trap, set by Napoleon, which Jefferson had avoided. Western War Hawks enthusiasm for a war with Britain was matched by New Englanders hostility.

Theme: The American effort in the War of 1812 was plagued by poor strategy, political divisions, and increasingly aggressive British power. Nevertheless, the United States escaped with a stalemated peace settlement, and soon turned its isolationist back to the Atlantic European world.

Theme: The aftermath of the War of 1812 produced a strong surge of American nationalism that was reflected in economics, law, and foreign policy. The rising nationalistic spirit and sense of political unity was, however, threatened by the first severe sectional dispute over slavery.

Theme: Chief Justice John Marshall's Supreme Court strengthened the federal government by supporting a "loose construction" of the Constitution, asserting the federal judiciary's power over state courts, and enforcing economic provisions in the Constitution (interstate commerce, sanctity of contracts).

Theme: The election to the presidency of the frontier aristocrat and common persons hero, Andrew Jackson, signaled the end of the older elitist political leadership represented by John Quincy Adams. A new spirit of mass democracy and popular involvement swept through America, bringing new energy as well as conflict and corruption to public life.

Theme: Jackson successfully mobilized the techniques of the New Democracy and presidential power to win a series of dramatic political battles against his enemies. But by the late 1830s, his Whig opponents had learned to use the same popular political weapons against the Democrats, signaling the emergence of the second party system.

Theme: Amidst the whirl of democratic politics, issues of tariffs, financial instability, Indian policy, and possible expansion in Texas indicated that difficult sectional and economic problems were festering beneath the surface and not being very successfully addressed.