The Emergency - Packet by Rayuela (Trygve Meade, Ahmad Ragab, Chris Ray, Mike Sorice with Susan Ferrari and Donald Taylor)

Tossups

1. This organizer of the Oath Crisis was essentially a crime lord for several years, directing the nefarious activities of numerous five member “combat teams,” and he personally led his future wife and three future Prime Ministers in a daring and obscenely profitable train robbery known as the Bezdany Raid. Maxime Weygand advised this man, who used the August Novelization to begin “moral sanation” after taking power in the May Coup. His major rival traveled to Japan to derail an arms deal, which heightened the hostility between this man and the National Democrats during the June Days. His most most ambitious projects involved the creation of an Intermarum Federation and the establishment of an Eastern Institute to promote his major foreign policy goal, “Prometheism,” aimed at agitating various nationalist groups. His nefarious PMO nearly overthrew the Slezevicius government until being exposed by the Sejny Uprising, and in his most famous achievement he left the Blue Army entrenched under Jozef Haller, leading a small strike force North to encircle Tukhachevsky, capturing 60,000 men and forcing the Treaty of Riga. FTP, name this man who beat the Russians at the “Miracle at the Vistula” in 1920, a “First Marshall” who kept kicking ass until the establishment of an independent Poland.

ANSWER: Jozef Klemens Pilsudski

2. In E. coli, one pathway for this is mediated by and named for exonuclease V [five] and the section of it that requires relative movement is catalyzed by a hexomeric ATPase, RuvB. The aforementioned section, branch migration, follows resection and strand inversion in typical forms of this process, which can be resolved through SDSA as described by Bishop and Zickler. Werner’s and Bloom’s syndromes result from failure to regulate this process; another way in which it can fail is an inability to form the mobile, multi-DNA-strand junction used in this process and named for Holliday. This genetic process is used to repair double-strand breaks and in especially meiotic chromosomal crossover. For 10 points, name this process whereby genetic material is exchanged between two similar strands of DNA.

ANSWER: homologous recombination

3. One argument associated with system of thought has been critiqued by John Beversluis and William Craig, and Bart Ehrman suggested that “legend” could be added to that argument known as “the trilemma.” Norman Geisler in an article, the title of which quotes from Colossians 2:8, rejects this framework; however, Biblical motivations for developing this system include the passages: Isiah 1:18 and 1st Peter 3:15. An evidentiary form of this has been developed, which differs from the classical version of this school by offering that historical events may serve as the species of argument, and a presuppositional form has been advocated by Gordon Clark and Cornelius Van Til. This school of thought lies in absolute contradistinction to the understandings developed by Tertullian and Kierkegaard, known as Fideism. The Quinquae viae from Aquinas’s Summa Theologica serves a foundational set of arguments for this branch of theology, and C.S. Lewis’s Mere Christianity is a classic text of this theological system. For 10 points, name this branch of theology which attempts to articulate a rational basis for belief in defense of the faith.

ANSWER: Christian apologetics

4. This author supposedly refused to discuss his most famous work after later editions censored the chapter “At the Parlor Rooms,” while the courtship of Laura causes the titular schizophrenic hallucination to corporealize and start terrorizing Manhattan in his Tracy's Tiger. A falsely accused rapist is lynched in jail before the young cook Emily can say him in one of his plays, which began with My Heart's in the Highlands. The first major work by this author of Hello Out There was a collection relating a fascination with the bodybuilder Lionel Strongfort in “Fifty Yard Dash” and Mourad's theft of a prize animal from John Byro in “The Summer of the Beautiful White Horse.” His best-known play sees Kitty Duvall and the cop Blick interact with the layabout Joe in a San Francisco bar, though this author of My Name is Aram is better noted for his portrait Helen Eliot and the brothers Marcus, Ulysses, and Homer Macauley, an Odyssey-referencing tract set in his native San Joaquin Valley. FTP, identify this Armenian-American author of Time of Your Life and The Human Comedy.

ANSWER: William Saroyan

5. Precipitate phases unique to systems displaying the structure typical of this mineral group include ones named for Ruddlesden and Popper and Aurivillius. The structure of these minerals is pseudocubic orthorhombic dipyramidal, so these minerals are typified by a nearly cubic structure with the smaller cations at the corner positions, the larger at the body position, and an electronegative species at the face positions; that namesake structure is exemplified by calcium titanium oxide, the first example of this mineral family discovered. This mineral form may be the most common on Earth, as enstatite transitions to this form below the upper mantle. For 10 points, name this class of minerals perhaps best known for containing most high-critical-temperature superconductors.

ANSWER: perovskites

6. One man who initiated this period authored the futurist Book of Great Unity, and it benefited from its proponents' experience with the “public vehicle” campaign, the Gongche Shangshu. Championed by the “Six Gentlemen,” it prompted a disastrous response in the formation of the first New Army, centrally argued that the formation of the Beiyang military and the Self-Strengthening Movement were not sufficient. Its failure led its major supporter to flee the country out of fear of being slowly carved to death in the wake of the execution of Tan Sitong, prompting Liang Qichao and Kang Yuwei to form the Protect the Emperor society, whose name referenced the principal patron of this effort, Guangxu. It advocated strict adoption of capitalism and an end to fake positions as part of a general overhaul of the civil service system, and was crushed when Yuan Shikai began murdering its participants at the behest of Dowager Cixi. Leading to the rise of the Warold Period following its failure, FTP, identify this 1898 campaign to reform the floundering Qing dynasty, named for its duration of just over three months.

ANSWER: Hundred Days Reform or Wuexin Bianfa

7. In imitation of this artist’s works, J.S. Bach created two uncharacteristic works, a fantasia and fugue for keyboard, which borrow from this musician’s Opera Prima. This composer’s career was launched with the near-contemporaneous publication of a book of twelve trio sonatas and the successful staging of his opera Zenobia, Queen of Palmyra; those plaudits led to his I veri amici being performed to celebrate an Imperial marriage in Munich in 1722. Many of this composer’s works were destroyed with the Dresden State Library during World War II, which renders unclear the role of Remo Giazotto in another work attributed to him. For 10 points, name this Venetian Baroque composer a fragment of whose work is the attributed source for an Adagio in G minor.

ANSWER: Tomaso Albinoni

8. This person’s time on Majorca led to translation of several works of Ripall about Chopin. It was on Majorca that this author met Robert Graves, whose suggestion that he depict the Nottingham of his youth led to a novel in which the main character falls down stairs after besting “Loudmouth” in a drinking contest before being beaten by Bill for carrying on with Brenda and Winnie. In the title story of another of his works, a youth is caught robbing a bakery before a certain talent is discovered after he is confined to a borstal. For 10 points, name this creator of lathe operator Arthur and defiant jogger Colin; the Angry Young Man who wrote Saturday Night and Sunday Morning and The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner.

ANSWER: Alan Sillitoe

9. In the first chapter of this work, the author discusses Delboef’s experiments and re-derives the Weber-Fechner Law in order to ask, “Can two sensations be equal without being identical?” The author uses the analogy of a flock of sheep to explain the nature of “quantitative multiplicity,” which lies in contrast to “qualitative multiplicity.” The third chapter claims that the second title concept brings into tension the rival systems of “dynamism” and “mechanism.” Submitted to the Ecole Normale as the major thesis along with Aristotle’s Conception of Place, in its conclusion, this work asserts that Kant’s failure to recognize the first title concept as heterogeneous has made true freedom incomprehensible. This works sets up a dualism between life and matter, a dualism which is later modified by the author in Creative Evolution. Introducing the concept of Duration and subtitled “An Essay on the Immediate Data of Consciousness,” for 10 points, name this work of philosophy, which pairs the two title concepts, written by Henri Bergson.

ANSWER: Time and Free Will

10. They sing, “what's that floating in the water/oh neptune's only daughter” in a remake of a Pixies song, “Mr. Grieves,” which appears on their first EP release by a label, Young Liars. This band sampled Raymond Scott’s “Night and Day,” for the song “Say You Do,” which appears on their self-published first album, the title of which is a parody of a Radiohead album, OK Calculator. This band’s Nigerian lead singer appeared in a 2008 movie starring Anne Hathaway, Rachel Getting Married, as Sidney, Hathaway’s fiancé, the incredibly lucky Tunde Adebimpe. In addition to their album Desperate Youth, Blood Thirsty Babes, their latest release was named the best rock album of 2008 by Pitchfork and Rolling Stone and includes songs such as “Dancing Choose” and “Halfway Home,” the title of which might be the greeting to a love letter written by Eric Mukherjee. For 10 points, name this Brooklyn indie rock band who released the hit 2006 album Return to Cookie Mountain as well as Dear Science.

ANSWER: TV on the Radio [accept The Pixies before it’s mentioned]

11. Passage of this legislation was helped along by lobbying from such activists as Amelia Stone Quinton and Susette La Flesche. Six years after the passage of this legislation, its namesake would chair a commission with Archibald McKennon and Meredith Kidd to address the issue of those who were not subject to this legislation's terms. The shortcomings of this legislation were detailed by the Meriam Report, and the major reforms instituted by this bill were reversed in the Wheeler-Howard Act of 1934. Its ninth section allotted $100,000 for surveying while the eighth detailed the groups exempt from it, and the Burke act modified this legislation to introduce a competency requirement to be evaluated by the Secretary of the Interior. Granting 160 acres to each head of a household, among other grants, for ten points, identify this 1887 act named after a Republican Senator from Massachusetts, which redistributed communal Indian lands "in severalty" to individuals

Answer: Dawes General Allotment Act (or Severalty Act) [accept General Allotment Act until it’s mentioned]

12. This painting includes a depiction of a man whose own works include several paintings of white roses in vases, as well as portraits of the Dubourg family, Henri Fantin-Latour. An open black umbrella sits on the ground next to two little girls, who are wearing white dresses with red bows and playing a game involving a cup. A small black dog with two blue bows in its hair is sitting on a small chair next to two women attired in yellow dresses and blue bonnets. This painting also notably includes a portrait of Theophile Gauthier, as well as the artist's brother Eugene and the poet of The Flowers of Evil, Charles Baudelaire. For 10 points, identify this depiction of a concert in a popular park in Paris, a work by Eduoard Manet.
ANSWER: Music in the Tuileries Gardens [or MusiquedanslesJardins desTuileries]

13. In a scene strangely reminiscent of Michael Antonioni’s L’Avventura, two of the primary characters in this novel visit a small Mediterranean island where one disappears. The narrator discovers a floppy disk with two documents, one of which recounts a recurring dream had by the protagonist about climbing a winding staircase to visit her mother, and another that relates a strange event that befell one of the characters involving a Ferris wheel. The protagonist’s nickname was coined after a mistaken identification of one of the main character’s favorite literary movements. Narrated by a sexually frustrated friend of the main character, a primary school teacher named K.; the main character herself has developed sensual passions for an older woman, who due to a traumatic event from her past has snowy white hair. For 10 points, name this novel about a sexually confused young woman named Sumire with feelings for Miu, who compares herself to being like a lost satellite in orbit, written by Haruki Murakami.

ANSWER: Sputnik Sweetheart

14. This figure’s epithets include “phutalmos” and “asphaleios,” meaning “the fostering” and “the immovable”, respectively. Due to Chione’s fear of Boreas, his sister Benthesikyme stepped in and raised his son Eumolpus. This mythological figure fathered Hippothoon through his rape of a daughter of Cercyon, Alope, and is the paternal grandfather of Cilix and Phoenix through his son Agenor. A city under the rule of this deity had a temple dedicated to him that contained a pillar of orichalcum with laws inscribed on it. This figure turned Caeneus into a man and made her/Caeneus invulnerable to weapons. He disguised himself as Enipeus to bed Tyro and also changed his form to rape Demeter, thus fathering Despoina and Arion. For 10 points, identify this deity who was also known as the “earth-shaker.”

ANSWER: Poseidon [accept Neptune]

15. These compounds are the simplest type of C nucleophile. A compound of this type is the intermediate in organocuparate additions, in which one is formed by a so-called electron pushing mechanism. The conjugate base of this type of compound is present as the first intermediate in carbanion nucleophile-using conjugate addition, which are also known as Michael additions. These compounds are characterized as alkenes with a double-bond-carbon-attached hydroxyl; the ease of bond migration to the oxygen with abstraction of the hydroxyl hydrogen leads to perhaps their best-known property. For 10 points, name these chemical compounds that exist at equilibrium with their tautomers, ketones and aldehydes.

ANSWER: enols

16. Serbian Despot Stefan Lazarevic was named as the first equal among this group, which included just 24 first-order members and received a son of Kestutis after the Peace of Thorn rewarded Vytautus the Great for fighting the Teutonicc Knights at Grunwald. Diplomatic work with antipope John XXIII secured Pipo of Ozora membership in this group, which inducted Henry V after Henry signed the Treaty of Canterbury with its founder. That founder faced the agitations of John Horn-Beetle, Prokop the Great, and Jan Zizska in the Hussite Wars, while the man most associated with this group joined it with Oswald von Walkenstein, was the brother of Radu the Handsome, and fought the Night Attack against Mehmet II. The Bethlen and Rakoczi families still incorporate its symbology into their coats of arms, unsurprising given its founding in Hungary by Emperor Sigismund. Most famous for inspiring the surnames of two leaders of Wallachia named Vlad, FTP, identify this European chivalric order named after a mythical creature slain by St. George.

ANSWER: Order of the Dragon

17. While still a theology student, this author came into contact with a group known as the “Contributors of Bremer” and they published New Contributions Towards the Edification of Reason and Wit. His admiration for Horace can be seen in the poem, “The Apprentice of the Greeks.” A group of poets, including: Voss, Holty, and the brothers Leopold and Friedrich Stolberg, celebrated this poet as a master and took their name, the “Grove of Gottingen,” from this man’s, “The Hill and the Grove.” Like Von Kleist, this man also wrote a dramatic play based on the life of Arminius in Herman’s Battle, and he fell in love with his cousin who is referred to as “Fanny” in one group of works. This poet was inspired to write one work, consisting of twenty cantos mostly in unrhymed hexameters, after reading Swiss critic’s Johan Bodmer’s translation of Paradise Lost. Another of this man’s odes is specifically referenced in a conversation between Lotte and Werther after a thunderstorm and is titled “The Celebration of Spring.” For 10 points, name this 18th century German lyrical poet, author of The Messiah, whose namesake “Odes” inspired music by CPE Bach, Schubert, and Gluck.

ANSWER: Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock

18. This director discusses a scene in his first movie, which is based on a short-story by Bogomolov, where Lieutenant Galtsev reconnoiters a “dead, flooded forest,” in his work of film aesthetics that in part articulates his montage theory of “time-pressure,” titled Sculpting in Time. While a student of Mikhail Romm at the Moscow Cinematographic Institute, he directed his first short film, The Steamroller and the Violin. In addition to Ivan’s Childhood, another movie of his depicts an expedition taken by an author named Gortchakov to retrace the steps of an 18th century composer, Sosnovsky who eschewed fame and went to Italy in Nostalgia. A peasant sneaks into a tower to board a hot-air balloon in the opening sequence of one of this man’s films and in another film loosely based on Arkady and Boris Strugatsky’s novel, Roadside Picnic, Alexander Kaidanovsky, who plays the title character, leads a group to “the Zone,” in Stalker. For 10 points, name this Russian director of such movies as Andrei Rublev and Solaris.