Chapter 20 Reading guideMrs. McCoy
Whose Government? Politics, Populists, and Progressives
- Read the chapter title and all of page 636. What was the constant theme mentioned?
- Look at the picture on page 637. What symbolism is here?
REFORM VISIONS
Think of the chronological continuity of reform in Unit 8:
-Grange – Farmer’s Alliance – Knights of Labor – WCTU
-What will come next?
Despite different goals, what were the options for reform?
1.
2.
3.
What factors led to close Rep/Dem competition in the 1880’s?
1.
2.
3.
4. “Wave the Bloody Shirt”
Look at Map 20.1. What story is being told in these three elections?
GUILDED AGE
Why?
Explain the connection between Garfield’s assassination and the Pendleton Act.
Why did disillusioned Republicans (Mugwumps) not support James Blaine?
What was the goal of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?
Why did the Lodge Bill fail?
Explain how the People’s Party or Populists under James Weaver came to be.
How did the Populists and their goals differ from the Dems or Repubs?
What were some of these goals?
GorrasBlancas:
Why did the Populist Party eventually fail to gain other supporters?
1.
2.
3.
POLITICAL EARTHQUAKES OF THE 1890’s
What were the specific causes of the Panic of 1893?
Explain the division of labor that was created at this time
What was the goal of Coxey’s Army?
How was it received?
Explain the thought process of both sides of the ‘money supply’ issue:
- Free Silver
- Gold only
Why was Cleveland so unpopular by 1894?
Why were the Populists unpopular with Ruling class Whites in the South?
How did these White Democrats enforce white supremacy in politics/voting?
1.
2.
3. Williams v. Mississippi
How did White Primaries come to be?
Why do we sue the term ‘Solid South’ to describe this new climate by 1900?
Why was Grimes County Texas an excellent example of the Solid South’s counterrevolution?
What was the message of William Jennings Bryan and his Cross of Gold speech?
Why did the Democrats decide to join the Populists in 1896?
What was the major question facing the country in the election of 1896?
What strategy did William Mckinley and Marcus Hanna use to become elected?
Compare the election maps (map 20.4) of 1892 to 1896. What changed in 4 years?
Describe two examples of making Democracy closer to the actual people
Direct Democracy –
17th Amendment
Look at the picture of the US Supreme Court in 1894. What do you see and what will be the impact of their decisions in this period?
Explain the rational behind each decision:
- Federal Income Tax
- In re Jacobs
- Lochner v New York
How was the 14th Amendment the basis of each of these?
REFORM RESHAPED 1901-1912
What factions did McKinley’s presidency represent?
Why was McKinley assassinated?
Shooter?
Basic background of Teddy Roosevelt:
- Why had the Republican’s plan for TR as VP backfired?
How did his handling of the Coal Strike of 1902 make him Progressive?
Explain how the combination of the ICA, Sherman Anti-Trust Act, and Elkins Act, and Bureau of Corporations affected business like Northern Securities.
How did the Hepburn Act help him decide the difference between Good and Bad Trusts?
Why did the Northern Securities case change the way Trusts were dealt with on the Federal level?
How was Taft’s dealing with Standard Oil similar?
What made TR a Progressive?
Describe examples of TR’s Environmental Conservationism
1.
2.
3.
What were several of TR’s contradictions?
How was Taft similar and different to TR?
Same
Different
How did the Republican party become split by 1910?
What was the message of Jane Addams ‘Democracy and Social Ethics’ and Robert LaFollette?
Show how this was carried out with
- 17th Amendment
- Wisconsin Idea
- Recall
- Referendum
How was the decision of Muller v Oregon different from Lochner v New York?
Role of NCL and Louis Brandeis in case-
How was this considered a setback for women as well?
How was WEB DuBois different form Booker T. Washington?
1.
2. Idea of talented tenth –
3. Niagara Principles:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Why was the NAACP founded?
What was the ideology of the Industrial Workers of the World?
Give 2 examples of Labor being at a crossroads entering 1912
1.
2.
Why did TR run again in 1912 under “New Nationalism”
What was the general position of NN under the Progressive party?
Why did the Republicans back Taft in 1912?
Why did Eugene Debs and the Socialists collect support in 1912?
How was Woodrow Wilson’s “New Freedom” different that New Nationalism?
What allowed Wilson to win?
Historians talk of Wilson’s ‘Triple Wall of Privilege’ How was this enacted?
Taxes:
1.
2.
Banking
- Federal Reserve System
Trusts
- Clayton Anti-Trust Act
Labor
1.
2.
Who got left behind? Example?
Why should the legacy of Progressivism be understood by its limitations?
Why was America slow to these drastic ideas?
1.
2.
What were the success of Progressivism and what did it set the stage for later?