First and last name: Last name’s initial:
GEO 302: Cultural Geography
Instructor: Dr. V. Kohli
TEST 2, January 27, 2005
Note: This test is worth a total of 88 raw points which are distributed as indicated. Pace yourself and you will have plenty of time to complete your test. Please make sure you write your name and SSN # on your scantron and this test.
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS (Total 23 points; 0.5 points for each correct response).
1. Despite the problem of official classification, most refugees are:
a. displaced persons within their own country
b. eventually recognized as such
c. treated fairly and humanly
d. not actually refugees
2. In the late 1990s, ? ranked second in the world after tropical Africa in number of refugees.
a. Southwest Asia and North Africa
b. South Asia
c. Europe
d. East Asia
3. The intervention of what country in the civil war in Afghanistan caused great numbers of refugees to leave the country?
a. India
b. the Soviet Union
c. Pakistan
d. Bangladesh
4. The United Nations organizes conferences on global population issues every ? years.
a. 5
b. 10
c. 15
d. 20
5. The former Soviet Union and China under Mao Zedong led other communist societies in which kind of population policies.
a. none at all
b. restrictive
c. eugenic
d. Expansive
6. The crucial element in language is:
a. vocabulary
b. grammar
c. alphabet
d. vocalization
7. The quality of the “standard” language of a society is:
a. a result of education
b. affected by the age of the population
c. unchanging over time
d. a matter of cultural identity and national concern
8. Most complex cultures have a standard language and:
a. a second language
b. a limited vocabulary
c. variations of that language
d. a single written form
9. From the list below, pick the country with the most languages.
a. China
b. Brazil
c. India
d. Pakistan
10. Languages that are thought to have a shared, but fairly distant origin, are grouped in language _? .
a. subfamilies
b. families
c. groups
d. sets
11. Spatially, the world’s most widely dispersed language is in the ? language family.
a. Afro-Asiatic
b. Sino-Tibetan
c. Malay-Polynesian
d. Indo-European
12. The largest single language in terms of the number of speakers is:
a. English
b. Spanish
c. Chinese
d. Arabic
13. Languages spoken in Africa south of the Sahara are not listed as major world languages because of:
a. the extreme fragmentation of the African language map
b. they are too difficult to learn
c. there was no chance for them to spread
d. they have not yet been studied
14. If there are great differences between languages in the same family, this is an indication that:
a. the cultures speaking those languages separated recently
b. the cultures speaking those languages have been long separated
c. the languages are not actually related
d. they were probably introduced from the outside
15. The most widely spoken Chinese dialect is:
a. Wu Chinese
b. Mandarin Chinese
c. Cantonese
d. Pekinese
16. Any common language spoken by peoples of diverse speech is today called:
a. an official language
b. a lingua franca
c. a pidgin language
d. a monolingual language
17. The process whereby a pidgin language becomes a form of lingua franca or a mother tongue replacing the original language spoken is:
a. bilingualization
b. creolization
c. language transfer
d. monolingualization
18. Countries in which more than one language is in use are called:
a. multilingual
b. monolingual
c. unilingual
d. non-lingual
19. The African country that is a colonial creation of almost unimaginable linguistic diversity is:
a. Kenya
b. Zaire
c. Nigeria
d. Mozambique
20. In an attempt to deal with linguistic as well as cultural diversity, many former African colonies have taken as their official language:
a. the most widely-spoken indigenous language of the country
b. a Malay-Polynesian language
c. the language of their former colonial power
d. a Sino-Tibetan language
21. In some societies, an organized form religion has:
a. become more traditional
b. become more diverse
c. experienced strong revival
d. become less important
22. Some societies have deliberately sought to divest themselves of religion, but religion has continued to have a strong affect on living conditions and cultural landscape. A good example of this is:
a. Japan
b. India
c. China
d. Iran
23. The faith that is most widely dispersed over the world is:
a. Christianity
b. Islam
c. Shamanism
d. Buddhism
24. The largest constituency of Christianity is:
a. Protestant
b. Eastern Orthodox
c. Coptic
d. Roman Catholicism
25. The faiths of Islam dominate in:
a. Southeast and East Asia
b. South Asia and South Africa
c. West and Central Africa
d. Northern Africa and Southwest Asia
26. In terms of the number of adherents, the third largest of the world religions is:
a. Judaism
b. Buddhism
c. Shintoism
d. Hinduism
27. Buddhism has its source in:
a. India
b. Japan
c. China
d. Thailand
28. Shamanism is a traditional religion, an intimate part of a local culture and society. But not all traditional religions are shamanist. In which of the following regions have both Christianity and Islam failed to convert most of the people practicing a traditional religion?
a. Southwest Asia
b. Asia
c. Africa
d. South America
29. Secularism actually began:
a. with the division of church and state in Europe
b. in Colonial times
c. in the twentieth century
d. with the appearance of Islam
30. The rise of secularism may in fact be primarily a condition of:
a. cultural evolution
b. traditional societies
c. the Eastern religions
d. industrialization and urbanization
31. The Hindu religion, oldest of the great religions, may have begun ? years ago.
a. 6,000
b. 4,000
c. 3,000
d. 5,000
32. Hinduism has not spread by expansion diffusion in modern times, but at one time it did spread by relocation diffusion as a result of:
a. the transportation of Indian workers abroad during the colonial period
b. conquest by militant groups
c. forced relocation by Islamic invaders
d. massive voluntary emigration
33. The location of shrines in Hinduism is important because:
a. they must be handy for worship
b. they can only be made from local stone
c. there should be minimal disruption of the natural landscape
d. they must be built under an old tree
34. The Confucian Classics were the 13 texts that were the focus of education for 2,000 years in:
a. Japan
b. Afghanistan
c. China
d. India
35. The youngest of the major religions is:
a. Hinduism
b. Judaism
c. Islam
d. Christianity
36. True(A)/False(B): The conflict in the former Yugoslavia has forced Europe to confront the largest refugee problem it has experienced since the end of the Second World War.
37. True(A)/False(B): Today, most of the world’s governments seek to reduce the rate of natural population increase through various forms of restrictive population policies.
38. True(A)/False(B): India’s political system is a federal system.
39. True(A)/False(B): In the United States, even though Hispanics are moving into southern states from
40. Florida to California, Americans of African ancestry will remain the largest minority.
41. True(A)/False(B): English has become the medium of international communication, especially in business.
42. True(A)/False(B): Both Canada and Belgium are effectively bilingual.
43. True(A)/False(B): World religions such as Christianity and Islam have developed vast bureaucracies.
44. True(A)/False(B): Christianity was spread across the world by conquest and colonialism.
45. True(A)/False(B): The Roman Emperor Constantine declared Christianity the state religion of Rome, which led to the diffusion of Christianity.
46. True(A)/False(B): Islam has the same problem as Hinduism. Division hasn’t caused it to grow.
Fill-in-the-blanks Questions (Total 21 points; 1 point for each correct response)
1. In the spaces below identify the source and destination areas of any four major world migratory streams.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
2. In the spaces below, identify any four catalysts for migration. In the space next to the name of the catalyst, provide an example of one migration that resulted in response to this catalyst. Provide truly demonstrative examples only.
_______________________________ __________________________
_______________________________ __________________________
_______________________________ __________________________
_______________________________ __________________________
3. According to DeBlij, human movements can be of various types. The most common form of these movements that define our activity space are known as ____________________ movements. These movements can be of a ____________________ or ______________________ type. Other moves such as those that require longer periods of residence away from the home base are known as _______________________ movements.
4. What are the three features most refugees share in common with each other:
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
5. What are the three types of population policies:
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
Matching questions: (Total 8 points; 1 point for each correct response)
In the blank spaces below, insert the letter that corresponds with the term in the left hand column.
TERM APPROXIMATION
1. Dialect A. move into a country
2. Creole B. hindu belief
3. Secularism C. move out of a country
4. Karma D. language variation
5. Imam E. Islamic sects
6. Sunni/Shiite F. Non-religious
7. Emigrant G. mix of two languages
8. Immigrant H. Islamic priest
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. _______ 4. ____________
5. ________ 6. ________ 7. _______ 8. ____________
Essay Question: Choose either question 1 or 2. (Total points, 10)
1. What are the central tenets, pattern(s) of diffusion, and impact on cultural landscape of Hinduism and Christianity?
2. According to DeBlij, the languages of the Bantu sub-family of languages are more closely relatd than other subfamilies. Using examples from various languages, explain this statement.
Map question: (Total 26 points distributed as 6:10:10)
1. On Map 1 (attached), name and identify the geographic dispersion of the Malay-Polynesian, Indo-European, and Austro-Asiatic language families.
2. On Map 2 (attached), I have numbered some areas in which a particular language is spoken by the majority of people. In the spaces below, list the name of the language that corresponds to the number on the map. For example, next to number 1, name the language that is spoken in that region.
1. ___________________________ 6. ___________________________
2. ___________________________ 7. ___________________________
3. ___________________________ 8. ___________________________
4. ___________________________ 9. ___________________________
5. ___________________________ 10. __________________________
3. On Map 3 (attached), name and identify the following countries:
China Thailand Myanmar
Cambodia Vietnam Laos
Malaysia Philippines Taiwan
Singapore
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