World Civilizations: A Semester in Review
Directions: Your Final Exam is quickly approaching! Complete the following guide to review terms, names, and significant historical events as well as how they relate to each other (both within the same unit and between units of study). Do not attempt to cram an entire semester’s worth of information in one night of studying. Spend 15 to 20 minutes each day for the next week reviewing portions of this guide. Good Luck!
Divine Right and the Absolute Monarch
1.The belief that a Monarch is the chosen representative of God is known as .
2.All of the following led to the rise of Absolute Monarchs EXCEPT:
A.The decline of Feudalism
B.The creation of the Scientific Method
C.The loss of Church Authority
D.The growth of National Kingdoms
3.Provide two pieces of evidence that show how each leader below can be classified as an Absolute Monarch.
Peter the Great:
Philip II:
Louis XIV:
4.In your opinion, which of the following events was most influenced by Absolute Rule: The Scientific Revolution, the Enlightenment, OR the French Revolution? Why?
5.Can you identify European nations on a map of Europe in 1650? If not, take time to review your copy or the map on page 587 in your textbook.
The Scientific Revolution
6.A.What is the Heliocentric Theory?
B.What is the Geocentric Theory?
C.How did conflict between these two theories lead to the start of the Scientific Revolution?
7.How did the Scientific Method differ from previous ways of thinking about Science?
The Enlightenment
8.The Enlightenment occurred during the 18thCentury or between the years of .
9.Create a one-sentence summary describing the contributions of each of the following thinkers to the Enlightenment:
Hobbes:
Locke:
Montesquieu:
Rousseau:
Voltaire:
Wollstonecraft:
10. List two ways Enlightenment ideas spread throughout Europe:
1.
2.
11.List three ways the ideas of the Enlightenment influenced the creation of the American government:
1.
2.
3.
12.Give two examples to show how Enlightened Despots were different from Absolute Monarchs:
1.
2.
The French Revolution
13.The King and Queen of France during the time of the French Revolution were and______.
14.List members of each of the following estates:
First Estate:
Second Estate:
Third Estate:
15.The most taxes were paid by the ______Estate.
16. In your opinion, which of the following events was most responsible for starting the French Revolution:
Enlightenment ideas, economic troubles, OR weak leadership? Why?
17.Explain the importance of July 14, 1789.
18.What was the Declaration of the Rights of Man? What document inspired its creation?
19.The leader of the radical Committee of Public Safety who led France during the Reign of Terror was:
20.Summarize the political beliefs of each group:
Radical:
Conservative:
Moderate:
Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna
21.CLAIM: As First Consul of France, Napoleon supported the goals of French revolutionaries.
In the space below, list and explain three pieces of evidence that support this claim.
1.
2.
3.
22.In your opinion, which of the following events was most responsible for Napoleon’s downfall:
The Peninsular War, the Continental System, OR Napoleon’s invasion of Russia? Why?
23.Explain the importance of each of the following terms/events:
Coup d’état:
The Napoleonic Code:
The Hundred Days:
Waterloo:
24.In your opinion, was the Congress of Vienna successful in achieving its goals? Why or why not?
The Industrial Revolution
25.How did crop rotation and the Enclosure Movement make the start of the Industrial Revolution possible?
26.Summarize three improvements made in transportation during the 1800s.
27.Imagine you are a factory worker during the Industrial Revolution. Briefly describe a typical workday.
28.What was the purpose of the Factory Act of 1833? What does this tell us about the changing role of government in society?
29.Rank the following effects of Industrialization from least negative to most negative. Justify your rankingwith historical support:
- The Industrial Revolution encouraged the exploitation of overseas colonies for slaves
- The Industrial Revolution weakened economic ties between European nations
- The Industrial Revolution was the driving force behind Imperialism
3.
2.
1.
Imperialism
30.What four factors caused Europeans to become interested in colonizing the African continent?
31.What was the purpose AND the result of the Berlin Conference?
32.Explain the South African policy of Apartheid.
33.Give an example to show how the strategies used by Martin Luther King, Jr. and Desmond Tutu to achieve change were similar.
34.Explain the significance of the 1994 South African general election.
35.What caused the Sepoy Mutiny? What effect did the Sepoy Mutiny have on British control in India?
36.Why is the Salt March, organized by Gandhi in 1930, classified as an act of civil disobedience?
37.CLAIM: Native African and Indian people benefitted from the European colonization of their land.
In the space below, list and explain three pieces of evidence that refute (oppose) this claim.
1.
2.
3.
World War I and the Russian Revolution
38.List the five causes of World War I below. Mark the one short-term cause with a *
M:
A:
N:
I:
A:
39. List the three countries in the Triple Alliance. How did this alliance change as the war progressed?
40.List the three countries in the Triple Entente. How did this alliance change as the war progressed?
41.On a scale of 1 to 5, how greatly do you think the Treaty of Versailles led to the start of World War II? Justify your choice with evidence from the Paris Peace Conference.
42.Explain the difference between the Red Army and the White Army.
43.Lenin and the Bolsheviks got their ideas on Communism from the writings of .
44.Why was the Bolshevik slogan, “Peace, Land, and Bread” so appealing to the Russian people?
45.How did Lenin’s New Economic Policy help to stabilize and improve the Russian economy?
Matching: Match each description with the term it best describes.
46.Suggested an alliance between Germany and MexicoA. Schlieffen Plan
47.Nations devote all of their resources to support the war effort B. Fourteen Points
48.President Wilson’s post-war plan for peaceC. Zimmerman Note
49.German plan to attack France through BelgiumD. Lusitania
50.British passenger ship sunk by a German U-BoatE. Total War
World War II
51.Identify the leaders of each nation listed below at the start of World War II:
Italy:
Germany:
The Soviet Union:
Japan:
52.Briefly describe themeasures the Totalitarian Dictators above took to secure their power.
53.Explain the irony of the Non-Aggression Pact between Germany and the Soviet Union.
54.Appeasement is giving in to an aggressor to get peace. Give three examples of how European leaders used this policy to avoid war with Germany.
1.
2.
3.
55.What was the significance of the Battle of Britain?
56.Define: Blitzkrieg. Then, explain the purpose of this battle strategy.
57.President Roosevelt called December 7, 1941 “a day that will forever live in infamy.” Why?
58.The Allies invaded Normandy on June 6, 1944...what do we call this day? Why is it significant to our study of World War II?
59.How did the war in the Pacific finally come to an end?
60.The organization formed to maintain world peace at the end of WW II is known as .
The Cold War
61.List the three men who attended the Yalta Conference. Be sure to know the country they represented!
1.
2.
3.
62.List three decisions made at the Yalta Conference.
1.
2.
3.
63.List the three men who attended the Potsdam Conference. Be sure to know the country they represented!
1.
2.
3.
64.What was the effect of the Potsdam Conference on Germany?
65.How did the Potsdam Conference start the Cold War?
66.Explain the importance of each of the following Cold War terms/events:
Arms Race:
Berlin Airlift:
“Iron Curtain:”
NATO:
Warsaw Pact: