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Day Two: Laboratory

DO NOW

Directions:Try to recall as many of the skeletal terms and concepts we learned yesterday as you can.

Skeletal Functions

Joint Types

Bone Types

I DO: Skeletal Disorders

Directions: Organize notes about the most common disorders and diseases of the skeletal system.

Osteoporosis
Classification / Signs and Symptoms / Diagnosis / Treatment
Preventable?
Curable?
Manageable?
Osteoarthritis
Classification / Signs and Symptoms / Diagnosis / Treatment
Preventable?
Curable?
Manageable?
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Classification / Signs and Symptoms / Diagnosis / Treatment
Preventable?
Curable?
Manageable?
Rickets and Osteomalacia
Classification / Signs and Symptoms / Diagnosis / Treatment
Preventable?
Curable?
Manageable?

WE DO: Body Mass Index

Body Mass Index (BMI) is used to measure how overweight or obese an individual may be. It is calculated from height and weight and attempts to estimate body fat in order to gauge risk of diseases that can occur with more body fat. The higher the BMI, the higher one’s risk for certain diseases such as heart disease, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, breathing problems, and certain kinds of cancers.

BMI does not pay attention to the composition of one’s weight, giving it two important limitations:

  • BMI may overestimate body fat in athletes and others who have a muscular build
  • BMI may underestimate body fat in older individuals and others who have lost muscle mass

Generally, here’s how the BMI categories break down:

  • Underweight: BMI ≤ 18.5
  • Normal weight: BMI = 18.5 – 24.9
  • Overweight: BMI = 25 – 29.9
  • Obese: BMI ≥ 30

Directions: Follow the steps below to calculate your BMI in both the English and Metric formulas, and verify that both are relatively close to ensure an accurate BMI.

  1. Write your height in inches: ______in.
  2. Write your weight in pounds: ______lb.
  3. Use the English formula to calculate your BMI in the space below:

BMI =

  1. Convert your height in inches to height in meters using the conversion formula below:

inchesx 2.54

1000

______m

  1. Convert your weight in pounds to weight in kilograms using the conversion formula:

pounds

2.2

______kg

  1. Use the Metric formula to calculate your BMI in the space below:

BMI =

YOU DO: Analysis Questions

  1. Plot your own BMI on the graph the right by matching your height in inches and weight in pounds to the units marked on the graph.
  2. Label the following regions on the graph using the ranges on the previous page:

Underweight

Healthy weight

Overweight

Obese

  1. Mathematically explain why the top left part of the graph has the highest BMI.
  1. Mathematically explain why the bottom right part of the graph has the highest BMI.
  1. Calculate and record the following measures of central tendency related to BMI.

Mean (table) / Median (class) / Mode (class) / Range (class)
  1. An adult man at a healthy weight is made up of about 15% bone, 45% muscle, 15% fat, and 25% internal organs.
  2. If the BMI is lower than normal, how would that affect the percentage of bone mass?
  3. If the BMI is higher than normal, how would that affect the percentage of bone mass?
  4. Which other component would most likely change in the same direction as bone mass?
  5. In an athlete, which component would change in the opposite direction of bone mass?

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EXIT TICKET

Directions: An elderly man is whisked into the emergency room due to a long bone fracture in the humerus of his arm. This is the third fracture he has had this year, including a leg fracture and a hip fracture. The doctor calculates the patient’s body mass index, finding that the man is underweight. He then takes a bone mass index and finds that the patient has unusually low bone density considering that he is so underweight, as normally, bone mass would be a higher percentage if body fat and muscle are low.

Diagnose the patient with one of the bone disorders below.

Osteoporosis / Arthritis / Osteomalacia

Then, explain your answer using the R.A.G.E. method. Your evidence should relate to bone and body mass.

Mr. Shah’s 7th Grade Science Class| Page 1