Bi 11 Review VIRUSES AND BACTERIA
1. What are the differences between viruses and bacteria?
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2. Of viruses and bacteria, which is most like a vampire when they are outside of a host? Explain. (A vampire is neither living nor dead)
a) viruses and bacteria b) viruses c) bacteria
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3. When a virus gets into a cell, it is like the cell is taken hostage. What does the hostage taker, the virus, do within and to the cell? (There are two possibilities).
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4. How does the body stop a virus from continuing to multiply? ______
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5. How does a vaccine work against viruses?
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6. What are the common ways viruses are transmitted to others?
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7. A cold is a viral infection. When you get a cold, when are you the most contagious?
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8. What does the AIDS virus do to cells?
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9. List at least three types of viral infections and some of their symptoms:
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Which ones are you most likely to get? ______
10. Most bacteria are not harmful and are even beneficial and necessary for the proper functioning in our bodies. What is the scientific name of the bacterium that "lives in our intestines and seems to be essential for proper digestion and the elimination of waste?" (Modern Biology, p. 200) ______
11. List at least two other ways bacteria are useful.
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12. "Harmful bacteria prevent the body from functioning properly by destroying healthy cells.... " (World Book, 2000, p. 20) How does the body protect itself against harmful bacteria?
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13. New strains of bacteria have become resistant to antibiotics. Briefly explain how this happens.
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14. Although mucus is not everyone's favourite fluid, it has a useful function. What is it?
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15. What makes mucus green when you have a cold? Is the presence of green mucus a positive sign? Explain.
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16. Antibiotics can only cure ______infections. (Bacterial or viral - choose one)
17. Why does your body temperature go up (i.e. produce a fever), when you are sick?
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18. List at least three types of bacterial infections and some of their symptoms:
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Which one are you most likely to get? ______
19. You cannot get the same cold twice. Why?
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