Table e-1
Published / Number Patients / %Female / %African American / %
Hispanic / Stroke Trial / Ref
Extracranial/
Intracranial Arterial Anastomosis Study / 1985 / 1377 / 18.5% / 6.5% / Yes / e1
National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study I / 1985 / 306 / 12.7% / 27.5% / 19.6% / No / e2
Brain Resuscitation Clinical Trial I / 1986 / 262 / 25.2% / 0.0% / No / e3
National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study II / 1990 / 487 / 16.0% / 12.3% / 4.1% / No / e4
Phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis after brain trauma / 1990 / 404 / 23.5% / 6.7%* / No / e5
Brain Resuscitation Clinical Trial II / 1991 / 516 / 38.2% / No / e6
Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation I / 1991 / 1330 / 29.1% / 6.0% / Yes / e7
North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) / 1991 / 659 / 31.6% / 3.0% / Yes / e8
DataTOPDeprenyl/Tocopherol in Parkinson Disease (DATATOP) / 1993 / 800 / 33.8% / 0.8%* / 0.9%* / No / e9
Stroke prevention in atrialfibrillation II / 1994 / 1100 / 29.9% / Yes / e10
Randomised study of nicardipine SAH / 1994 / 365 / 67.4% / Yes / e11
Indomethacin for IVH prevention / 1994 / 431 / 100.0% / No / e12
Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis Study (ACAS) / 1995 / 1662 / 34.1% / 3.0% / Yes / e13
Brain Resuscitation Clinical Trial III / 1995 / 2915 / 32.9% / No / e14
TPA in ischemic stroke (NINDS tpa) / 1995 / 624 / 41.8% / 27.1% / 6.3% / Yes / e15
Beta Interferon for treatment of MS / 1996 / 301 / 73.4% / 6.6% / No / e16
Stroke prevention In atrialfibrillation III / 1996 / 1044 / 39.3% / Yes / e17
Randomised trial of Tirilazad in acute stroke patients (RANTTAS) / 1996 / 660 / 45.0% / Yes / e18
National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study III / 1997 / 499 / 15.2% / 12.0% / 7.6% / No / e19
Randomised trial Of Org-10172 in acute ischemic stroke (TOAST) / 1998 / 1275 / 39.4% / 22.7% / 10.4% / Yes / e20
Diazepam for acute repetitive seizure / 1998 / 125 / 44.0% / 16.8% / No / e21
Valproate for seizure prophylaxis after brain trauma / 1999 / 379 / 18.2% / 9.2%* / 2.9%* / No / e22
Aspirin and carotid endarterectomy / 1999 / 2849 / 31.1% / 3.1% / Yes / e23
Plasma exchange for MS flares refractory to steroids / 1999 / 22 / 68.2% / 9.1%* / 0.0%* / No / e24
Intravenous Immunoglobulin for Multiple Sclerosis / 2000 / 59 / 74.6% / 0.0%* / No / e25
Comparison of Warfarin and Aspirin for the Prevention of Recurrent Ischemic Stroke (WARSS) / 2001 / 2206 / 40.7% / 30.1% / 10.1% / Yes / e26
Estrogen-replacement therapy
after ischemic stroke (WEST) / 2001 / 664 / 100.0% / 13.0% / 2.7%* / Yes / e27
Diazepam Vs Lorazepam Vs Placebo for Prehospital Treatment of Status Epilepticus / 2001 / 205 / 37.1% / 21.5% / 12.7% / No / e28
Nicotine/haloperidol therapy in Tourette syndrome / 2001 / 56 / 10.7% / No / e29
Transplantation of embryonic dopamine neurons for severe Parkinson’s Disease / 2001 / 40 / 47.5% / 5.0%* / 7.5%* / No / e30
andgrogen and growth hormone in turner's syndrome / 2002 / 90 / 100.0% / No / e31
Opioids versus antidepressants in
postherpetic neuralgia / 2002 / 76 / 55.3% / 19.0% / No / e32
Remacemide Inpatient Seizure Evaluation Trial / 2002 / 61 / 36.1% / 6.6%* / 6.6%* / No / e33
Conventional vspercutaneousdiscectomy—a clinical trial (LAPDOG) / 2002 / 34 / 44.1% / No / e34
Pallidotomy in Parkinson’s disease / 2003 / 36 / 33.3% / 5.6% / 0.0% / No / e35
Aspirin and Ticlopidine for Prevention of Recurrent Stroke in Black Patients / 2003 / 1809 / 53.5% / 100.0% / 0.0% / Yes / e36
Families In Recovery From Stroke Trial (FIRST) / 2004 / 284 / 49.3% / 10.6%* / 1.1%* / Yes / e37
Vitamin Therapy for Prevention of Stroke (VISP) / 2004 / 3680 / 37.5% / 14.8% / 3.3%* / Yes / e38
Earlier vs. Later Levodopa Therapy in Parkinson Disease (ELLDOPA) / 2004 / 361 / 32.4% / 3.0%* / 3.9%* / No / e39
Treatment of AIDS-associated myelopathy with L-methionine / 2004 / 56 / 10.7% / 19.6% / 14.3% / No / e40
Comparison of Warfarin and Aspirin
for Symptomatic Intracranial Arterial Stenosis (WASID) / 2005 / 569 / 38.5% / 30.6% / Yes / e41
Mild Intraoperative Hypothermia
during Surgery for Intracranial Aneurysm (IHAST) / 2005 / 1000 / 65.5% / 7.0% / 5.5% / Yes / e42
Theory based interventions for stroke and obesity / 2005 / 349 / 86.8% / 6.3%* / 2.3%* / Yes / e43
Reduced aortic manipulation in coronary artery bypass grafting / 2006 / 237 / 24.9% / No / e44
The Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) study / 2006 / 3072 / 46.2% / 1.1% / No / e45
Effect of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy after Stroke (EXCITE) / 2006 / 225 / 35.6% / 22.7% / 4.4%* / Yes / e46
Magnesium sulfate for neuroprotection after traumatic brain injury / 2007 / 499 / 23.6% / 4.4%* / 8.0%* / No / e47
Treatment for Post-stroke depression / 2007 / 188 / 52.7% / 35.1% / 0.5%* / Yes / e48
Modafinil for treatment of fatigue in post-polio syndrome / 2007 / 33 / 63.6% / No / e49
Efficacy of minocycline in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis / 2007 / 412 / 33.5% / 1.7% / 5.3%* / No / e50
Vietnam Head Injury Study / 2007 / 245 / 0.0% / 8.6%* / 4.9%* / No / e51
Trial of Magnesium Sulfate for the Prevention of Cerebral Palsy / 2008 / 2241 / 100.0% / 43.6% / 17.4% / No / e52
Clonidine for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder / 2008 / 122 / 39.3% / Yes / e53
DBS vs. best medical therapy / 2008 / 255 / 18.4% / 1.2%* / 5.9%* / No / e54
Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Trial / 2008 / 330 / 36.4% / 1.8% / 2.4% / No / e55
Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy vs. Stent Trial (CREST) / 2010 / 2502 / 34.9% / Yes / e56
For trials that did not report race or ethnicity the percentage of African Americans and Hispanics enrolled is blank.
* Denotes trial where race/ethnicity data was obtained via email contact with author.
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