Updated and Finalized 11/1/11

Dairy Cattle Evaluation Exam

Dairy Cattle Evaluation Exam

1)What does NMPF stand for?

  1. Northern Milk Producers Formulation
  2. New Mexico Producers Funding
  3. National Milk Producers Federation
  4. National Milk Protein Foundation

2)What does NFO stand for?

  1. National Feed Organization
  2. National Farmers Order
  3. National Farmers Organization
  4. National Food Organization

3)What is the BFP?

  1. Basic Formula Preparation
  2. Basic Formula Price
  3. Basic Foundation Price
  4. Butter Fat Price

4)What percentage of whole milk is fat when compared on a dry matter basis?

  1. About 10 percent
  2. About 50 percent
  3. About 25 percent
  4. Exactly 100 percent

5)In a study of milk parlors conducted by researchers at the University of Florida, how did parallels perform when compared to herringbones?

  1. Parallels were 50% slower
  2. Parallels out performed herringbones by nearly 8 percent
  3. They performed the same
  4. Herringbones out performed parallels by nearly 8 percent

6)What is GATT?

  1. General Alien Tariff and Trade
  2. General Agricultural Tariffs and Trades
  3. General Agreement on Trades and Tariffs
  4. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

7)What does NFDM stand for?

  1. Nonfat Dry Milk
  2. New Federal Dairy Mandate
  3. Nonfat Dairy Milk
  4. National Forum of Dairy Milkers

8)What is the CCC?

  1. Caring Cats Corporation
  2. Commodity Credit Corporation
  3. Cow Chemistry Center
  4. Crazy Cow Corporation

9)What is the USDEC?

  1. United States Dairy Export Corporation
  2. United States Dairy Export Center
  3. United States Dairy Export Company
  4. United States Dairy Export Council

10)When using a body condition scoring system of 1 to 5, what does a score of 5 mean?

  1. Extremely thin
  2. Average body condition
  3. Extremely fat
  4. Below average body condition

11)What is the FAS?

  1. Finland Agriculture Service
  2. Final Agriculture Service
  3. Foreign Agricultural Service
  4. Food and Agriculture Service

12)What are ways to avoid milk fever in cows?

  1. Feed low-potassium hay and/or silage to dry cows
  2. Adding anionic salts to the dry cow ration
  3. Fasting dry cows two weeks before calving
  4. Both a and b

13)What should the pH of a “close up” Holstein’s urine be?

  1. Between 1.0 and 2.0
  2. Between 2.0 and 3.0
  3. Between 6.0 and 6.5
  4. Between 11.0 and 12.0

14)When feeding close-up cows a calcium deficient diet, which gland is stimulated?

  1. Pituitary Gland
  2. Parathyroid gland
  3. Hypothalamus Gland
  4. Mammary gland

15)What is intravenous injection?

  1. It is administered in the muscle
  2. It is administered under the skin
  3. It is administered via the blood vessels
  4. It is administered intradermal

16)What is intra muscular injection?

  1. It is administered in the muscle
  2. It is administered under the skin
  3. It is administered via the blood vessels
  4. It is administered intradermal

17)What is subcutaneous injection?

  1. It is administered in the muscle
  2. It is administered under the skin
  3. It is administered via the blood vessels
  4. It is administered intradermal

18)Regarding feed formulation, what does CAD stand for?

  1. Cation-Anion Degree
  2. Cation-Anion Difference
  3. Cation-Amonia Difference
  4. Carbohydrate- Amino Degradation

19)What is a cation?

  1. A negatively charged ion
  2. A negatively charged electron
  3. A positively charged electron
  4. A positively charged ion

20)What is an anion?

  1. A positively charged ion
  2. A negatively charged electron
  3. A positively charged electron
  4. A negatively charged ion

21)What is NAFTA?

  1. North American Forage Trade Association
  2. North American Free Trade Agreement
  3. North American Free Trade Association
  4. North African Free Trade Association

22)What is the USAHA?

  1. U S Animal Housing Association
  2. U S Animal Health Award
  3. U S Agricultural Health Administrator
  4. U S Animal Health Association

23)What is the USDA’s AIPL?

  1. Animal Improvement Program Library
  2. Animal Import Program Liability
  3. Animal Improvement Program Lab
  4. Animal Import Processing Language

24)How many days into a pregnancy can a fetus be sexed by ultrasound?

  1. Before 14 days
  2. Between 14 and 30 days
  3. Between 40 and 50 days
  4. After 55 days

25)What is another term for the lowest lateral regions of the abdomen, near the groin?

  1. Gubernaculum
  2. Dorsal
  3. Abomasum
  4. Inguinal

26)How many days after breeding can a pregnancy be detected by ultrasound?

  1. Between 28 to 30 days
  2. Before 14 days
  3. Between 14 and 28 days
  4. Between 30 and 55 days

27)At how many days can pregnancy be detected by palpation?

  1. Before 14 days
  2. Between 14 and 35 days
  3. Between 40 to 55 days
  4. Between 60 and 95 days

28)On average, how many weeks after freshening does a cow’s dry matter intake peak?

  1. 1-2 weeks
  2. 2-4 weeks
  3. 12-14 weeks
  4. 40-42 weeks

29)What is the accepted standard length for a lactation record in dairy cattle?

  1. 200 days
  2. 305 days
  3. 365 days
  4. 100 days

30)Heart girth measurements of cows may be used to estimate:

  1. Age
  2. Milk production
  3. Calving date
  4. Body weight

31)In regards to pedigrees, what is a RHA?

  1. Rolling Herd Average
  2. Registered Herd Ancestry
  3. Registered Holstein Ancestry
  4. Registered Herd Average

32)Milk should be below what temperature before it is transferred to a milk truck?

  1. 60 degrees F
  2. 20 degrees F
  3. 30 degrees F
  4. 40 degrees F

33)When referring to milk test used at the processing plant, what is a DMC?

  1. Direct Microscopic Counts
  2. Direct Microscopic Cells
  3. Direct Micro Compatibility
  4. Direct Measurement Control

34)How much water can a lactating cow consume in one day?

  1. 5 gallons
  2. 15 gallons
  3. 35 gallons
  4. 25 gallons

35)What percent of milk is water?

  1. 82 percent
  2. 87 percent
  3. 93 percent
  4. 50 percent

36)What units are used to measure energy?

  1. Calories
  2. Grams
  3. Liters
  4. Micro Farads

37)What ration ingredients contain the highest concentration of energy?

  1. Carbohydrates
  2. Fats
  3. Sugars
  4. Minerals

38)When evaluating dairy rations what do the letters NE stand for?

  1. Net Equivalence
  2. Non Essential
  3. Non Edible
  4. Net Energy

39)When evaluating a dairy ration, what do the letters TDN stand for?

  1. Total Dietary Needs
  2. Tested Digestible Nutrients
  3. Total Digestible Nutrients
  4. Total Dietary Nitrogen

40)What percent of dry matter in plants is made of carbohydrates?

  1. 50 percent
  2. 65 percent
  3. 75 percent
  4. 85 percent

41)Where are structural carbohydrates found in the plant?

  1. In the cell wall
  2. In the cell nucleus
  3. In the cell organelles
  4. In the cell membrane

42)What are structural carbohydrates made of?

  1. Cellulose, fructose, and saccharin
  2. Lignin, sucrose, and cellulose
  3. Cellulose, hemicellulose, lactose
  4. Cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin

43)What kinds of relationship do cattle and the microorganisms in their rumen share?

  1. Electrostatic
  2. Parasitic
  3. A-Biotic
  4. Symbiotic

44)What structural carbohydrate component makes older plants less digestible than younger plants?

  1. Lignin
  2. Cellulose
  3. Fructrose
  4. Sucrose

45)What does NSC stand for?

  1. Nonstructural Carbons
  2. Nitrogen Standard Calculation
  3. Nonstructural Carbohydrates
  4. Nitrogen Substitute Calories

46)What do nonstructural carbohydrates consist of?

  1. Proteins, Acids, and Alkalis
  2. Plant proteins, Pectin, and Sugar
  3. Plant sugars, Lactic Acid, and Potassium
  4. Plant starch, Pectin, and Sugar

47)What acid is formed when nonstructural carbohydrates are digested in the rumen?

  1. Lactic acid
  2. Citric acid
  3. Propyl-hydro chloride
  4. Propionic acid

48)How much more energy do fats contain per unit than carbohydrates and proteins?

  1. 3.0
  2. 2.25
  3. 2.0
  4. 3.25

49)Which cows have higher protein requirements?

  1. High-producing open cows
  2. Low-producing pregnant cows
  3. High-producing pregnant cows
  4. Low-producing open cows

50)Where are degradable proteins broken down?

  1. Reticulum
  2. Abomasum
  3. Omasum
  4. Rumen

51)Where are non-degradable proteins absorbed?

  1. Large intestine
  2. Rumen
  3. Small Intestine
  4. Liver

52)If there are large numbers of flies around the dairy barn, what should be the first thing to be examined in an attempt to solve the fly problem?

  1. Cow feeding procedures
  2. Milking procedures
  3. Manure handling procedures
  4. Calf feeding procedures

53)When referring to rations, what do the letters NFC stand for?

  1. Not for Consumption
  2. Non-fungus Colony
  3. Non-Fat Concentration
  4. Non-forage Carbohydrates

54)In a cow, where would you find an alveolus?

  1. Intestine
  2. Udder
  3. Brain
  4. Skin

55)When discussing lactation records, what does the term “fat corrected milk” mean?

  1. Fat has been added to the milk to the correct level
  2. Fat has been extracted from the milk to the correct level
  3. Lactation records have been adjusted to the same milk fat percentage
  4. The lactation record has an average amount of milk fat

56)What percent non-fiber carbohydrate should a ration contain for high producing cows?

  1. 35 to 40 percent
  2. 10 to 20 percent
  3. 56 to 61 percent
  4. 22 to 27 percent

57)What does GnRH stand for?

  1. Gestation Repression Hormone
  2. Genotype Reflection Hormone
  3. Genuine Recessive Hormone
  4. Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone

58)What is the approximate time of ovulation in cattle after the beginning of heat?

  1. 60 hours
  2. 90 hours
  3. 30 hours
  4. 3 hours

59)What hormone is responsible for maintaining pregnancy?

  1. Progesterone
  2. Lutalyse
  3. Prostaglandin
  4. Oxytocin

60)What is the scientific term for birth?

  1. Delivery
  2. Parturition
  3. Calving
  4. Dystocia

61)In reference to reproduction, what does CL stand for?

  1. Cattle Lutalysis
  2. Cervix Lymphocyte
  3. Compound Lepto
  4. Corpus Luteum

62)To the hundredth, how many pounds of milk are in one gallon?

  1. 8.52 pounds
  2. 8.72 pounds
  3. 8.92 pounds
  4. 8.62 pounds

63)What pathway in young calves directs milk into the abomasum, bypassing the rumen, reticulum, and omasum?

  1. Rumen bypass groove
  2. Masticulas passinomis
  3. Esophageal groove
  4. Rumen passinomis

64)Milk fever is also (scientifically) known as what?

  1. Postpartum paresis
  2. Mamogenesis
  3. Masticular Paresis
  4. Parturient paresis

65)What is Milk Fever paresis caused by?

  1. Low blood levels of ionized calcium
  2. Low blood levels of ionized sodium
  3. Low blood levels of ionized zinc
  4. Low blood levels of ionized vitamin-D

66)According to the NRC, what percent calcium should a dry cow ration contain?

  1. 1 percent
  2. 2 percent
  3. 10 percent
  4. .39 percent

67)High potassium intake will decrease a cows ability to mobilize what?

  1. Bone phosphorus
  2. Lymphocytes
  3. Bone calcium
  4. Immunoglobulins

68)Cows that are at risk of developing ketosis can be fed what vitamin to help prevent ketosis?

  1. Niacin
  2. Zinc
  3. B-complex
  4. Vitamin-C

69)Hairy Heel Wart is scientifically known as what?

  1. Digital Divide
  2. Digital Dermatitis
  3. Intraheel laminitis
  4. Digital phlegmon

70)Foot Rot is Scientifically known as what?

  1. Intraheel laminitis
  2. Digital Dermatitis
  3. Interdigital phlegmon
  4. Digital Divides

71)When discussing feed mixers, what is the range of manufacturers recommended mixing times?

  1. 1-2 minutes
  2. 3-6 minutes
  3. 10-15 minutes
  4. 7-9 minutes

72)The letters FSIS stand for what?

  1. Food Service and Inspection Safety
  2. Free State Inspection Service
  3. Food Sanitation and Inquiry Service
  4. Food Safety and Inspection Service

73)What do the letters FARAD stand for?

  1. Food Animal Resistance Activity Database
  2. Food Animal Residue Avoidance Data
  3. Food Animal Resistance Activity Data
  4. Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank

74)What bacterium causes cattle tuberculosis (TB)?

  1. Mycobacterium canine
  2. Mycobacterium ovius
  3. Mycobacterium avious
  4. Mycobacterium bovis

75)How frequently should an average cow freshen?

  1. Once every 24 months
  2. Once every 12 months
  3. Once every 20 months
  4. Only once in her lifetime

76)What do the letters NRC stand for?

  1. National Research Company
  2. National Research Council
  3. National Research Chapter
  4. National Research Center

77)When discussing nutrition, what does NPN stand for?

  1. Nonprotein nitrogen
  2. Normal protein nitrogen
  3. Natural protein nitrogen
  4. Neutral protein nitrogen

78)Corn silage, stored in upright, top-unloading silos, should be chopped at what percent moisture?

  1. 62 to 65 percent moisture
  2. 72 to 75 percent moisture
  3. 82 to 85 percent moisture
  4. 92 to 95 percent moisture

79)Corn silage stored in sealed upright silos should be ensiled at what moisture?

  1. No less than 30 percent moisture
  2. No less than 40 percent moisture
  3. No less than 50 percent moisture
  4. No less than 60 percent moisture

80)What percent moisture should corn silage be chopped at when stored in horizontal bunker silos or bags?

  1. 30 percent moisture
  2. 50 percent moisture
  3. 70 percent moisture
  4. 90 percent moisture

81)What do the letters FSA stand for?

  1. Farm Service Agency
  2. Farm Study Agency
  3. Farm Sales Agency
  4. Farm Safety Administration

82)What does BVD stand for?

  1. Bovine Viral Distress
  2. Bovine Viral Disease
  3. Bovine Viral Defecation
  4. Bovine Viral Diarrhea

83)Neospora caninum is a major cause of what in pregnant cows?

  1. Abortion
  2. Parturition
  3. Nutrition deficiency
  4. Chronic diarrhea

84)When referring to vaccinations, what do the letters MLV stand for?

  1. Milk Line Vaccination
  2. Modified Live Virus
  3. Modified Limited Vaccine
  4. Model Linked Viruses

85)When the environmental temperature falls below 30°F, the normal diet of a young calf should be supplemented with ______?

  1. Protein
  2. Energy
  3. Vitamin A
  4. Warm Fresh Milk

86)After a bulk tank is washed and rinsed, beading of water droplets is a sign of ___.

  1. Protein residue
  2. pH buffer residue
  3. Fat residue
  4. Milk residue

87)When looking at DHI records, what do the letters RHA stand for?

  1. Rolling Herd Average
  2. Registered Holstein Ancestry
  3. Registered Herd Ancestry
  4. Regional Holstein Associations

88)How is a dairy’s RHA calculated?

  1. By dividing the total amount of milk produced in the past 365 days by the total number of cow years in the herd this year.
  2. By dividing the total amount of milk produced in the past 365 days by the total number of cow years in the herd last year.
  3. By multiplying the total amount of milk produced in the past 365 days by total number cow years in the herd this year.
  4. By adding the total amount of milk produced in the past 365 days to the total number of cow years in the herd last year.

89)When examining feed rations, what do the letters NDF stand for?

  1. Normal Detergent Fiber
  2. Normally Digestible Fiber
  3. Neutral Directing Fiber
  4. Neutral Detergent Fiber

90)What bacterium causes Johne’s disease in cattle?

  1. Mycobacterium Paratuberculosis
  2. Johne’s Virus
  3. Colostridium
  4. E-Coli.

91)What are two methods for shortening udder hair?

  1. Clipping and straight razor shaving
  2. Clipping and singeing
  3. Singeing and waxing
  4. Electrolysis and waxing

92)What do the letters EU stands for?

  1. Eastern Union
  2. Eastern Understanding
  3. European Union
  4. European Underline

93)PTAT stands for what?

  1. Predicted Transforming Ability-Type
  2. Progeny Transforming Ability-Type
  3. Progeny Testing At Time
  4. Predicted Transmitting Ability-Type

94)%DBH stands for what?

  1. Percentage of Difficulty Breeding in Heifers
  2. Percentage of Dead Breathing Heifers
  3. Percentage of Dead Born Heifers
  4. Percentage of Difficult Births in Heifers

95)What do the letters IDFA stand for?

  1. International Dairy Food Act
  2. International Dairy Foods Association
  3. International Dairy Finance Administrators
  4. International Dairy Farmers Association

96)What breed is known to produce milk over a greater number of years than all other breeds?

  1. Brown Swiss
  2. Guernsey
  3. Jersey
  4. Milking Shorthorn

97)Which of the compartments of a cow's four-compartment stomach acts as the true stomach?

  1. Omasum
  2. Rumen
  3. Abomasum
  4. Reticulum

98)What percent of crude protein should a calf starter be?

  1. 6-8
  2. 10-12
  3. 16-18
  4. 22-24

99)Which dairy breed’s milk is golden-yellow in color?

  1. Jersey
  2. Milking shorthorn
  3. Guernsey
  4. Ayrshire

100)Which trait is worth the most points according to the Dairy Cow Unified Score Card?

  1. Body capacity
  2. Dairy character
  3. Frame
  4. Udder

101)A perfect score for a cow according to the Dairy Cow Unified Score Card is:

  1. 50
  2. 100
  3. 500
  4. 1000

102)What is a TMR to a dairy person?

  1. Time Management Recommendation
  2. Typical Managed Ration
  3. Total Mixed Ration
  4. Texas Milk Requirement

103)Brucellosis is also known as:

  1. Bangs
  2. Mastitis
  3. Milk fever
  4. Ketosis

104)Dry cows need 0.8 percent K in their diet. What element is K?

  1. Potassium
  2. Calcium
  3. Phosphorus
  4. Lead

105)Alfalfa is an example of _____ in a dairy ration.

  1. Concentrate
  2. Roughage
  3. Probiotic
  4. Energy Supplement

106)A rolling herd average (RHA) is based on how many months?

  1. One
  2. Twelve
  3. Twenty four
  4. Lifetime of the cow

107)What does the term freshen mean in relation to dairy production?

  1. To become pregnant
  2. To give birth
  3. To stop producing milk
  4. Exhibits signs of extreme agitation or freshness

108)Protein is a combination of amino acids. The amino acids are unique among compounds involved in nutrition because they contain what element?

  1. Nitrogen
  2. Copper
  3. Calcium
  4. Phosphorous

109)Body condition scores from 1 to 5 are used to track herd health and nutrition. Dry cows should have a body score from:

  1. 0.5-1.0
  2. 2.0-2.5
  3. 2.5-3.0
  4. 3.5-4.0

110)Which part of the digestive tract is responsible for absorbing excess water?

  1. Omasum
  2. Rumen
  3. Small intestines
  4. Large intestines

111)The first feeding of colostrum should equal about _____ percent of the calf’s body weight?

  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. 5
  4. 10

112)All U.S. dairy farms are inspected by state inspectors through a program coordinated by the Food and Drug Administration. Inspectors follow a publication called the PMO. What does PMO stand for?

  1. Primary Milking Operations
  2. Pre-milking Options
  3. Post-Milking Options
  4. Pasteurized milk ordinance

113)After insemination, how long do sperm live in the cow’s reproductive tract?

  1. 20 minutes
  2. 6 hours
  3. 24 hours
  4. 2 days

114)What describes the fraction of the ration proteins, which is broken down by digestive enzymes and utilized by rumen bacteria?

  1. % Bacterial Protein
  2. % Water Dissolvable Protein
  3. % Total Digestible Protein
  4. %Degradable proteins

115)What are the two types of ovarian cysts?

  1. follicular and luteal
  2. follicular and horn
  3. ovum and luteal
  4. follicular and ovum

116)Colostrum has approximately ______calcium, as does regular milk.

  1. Two Times
  2. Three Times
  3. Four Times
  4. The Same

117)Which reproductive condition results when the fetal membranes remain within the uterus for an extended period following parturition?

  1. Prolapsed uterus
  2. Retained ovum
  3. Retained placenta
  4. Ruptured follicle

118)What percent of the cows feed intake is consumed during the daylight hours?

  1. 90%
  2. 70%
  3. 65%
  4. 50%

119)When is the best time to feed anionic salts to dairy cows?