Biology 12 Unit A –Structures and Functions

Cytology Unit – Review Sheet Name - ______

Answer the following questions in the space provided. This Assignment will be checked at the beginning of Tuesdays class for 25 homework marks. The answers will be posted Tuesday.

A. Matching: Relate the function to the organelle

Organelle Function

lysosome a. photosynthesis

ribosome b. packaging and secretion of proteins

RER c. storage

Golgi bodies/apparatus d. filled with nutrients and water

chloroplast e. control centre of cell

cytoplasm f. steroid synthesis

chromosomes g. vesicle production

nucleolus h. protein synthesis

nucleus i. cell respiration

mitochondrion j. location of ribosome production

SER k. intracellular digestion

vacuole l. determine cell features

B. Quick Questions:

1. What is the distinction between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell? ______

2. The nucleus of a cell is enclosed by a ______, which has pores for ______

3. Where is DNA found? Where is RNA found? ______

4. What does cytoplasm consist of? ______

5. The functions of a cell membrane are: ______and ______

6. Cellular respiration is ______+ O2 → ______+ H2O + ______

7. The folds inside a mitochondria are called ______

8. 2 locations where ribosomes can be found are: ______and ______

9. The ______E.R does not have any ______and so it can not synthesis ______

10. Cellulose are sugars linked together by a ______bond

11. Cillia have a _____ + _____ arrangement of microtubules

12. ______bodies have a ____ + _____ arrangement and act as an anchor to flagella

13. What is the functional relationship between each of the following pairs of organelles?

a. lysosomes and vesicles

______

b. ER and Golgi apparatus/bodies

______

c. ribosomes and ER

______

d. chloroplasts and mitochondria

______

e. Golgi bodies and vesicles

______

f. cell membrane and vesicles

______

g. ribosomes and nucleolus

______

h. RER and vesicles

______

i. Golgi body and lysosome

______

Part C. Diagram:

Beside the letter, label the parts of the cell.

Multiple Choice

1. Which organelles will give off oxygen and use up carbon dioxide?

A. Lysosomes. B. Mitochondria.

C. Endoplasmic reticulum. C. Chloroplasts.

2. Which of the following BEST describes a function of endoplasmic reticulum?

A. Intracellular transport. B. Communication.

C. Energy distribution. D. Protein storage.

3. Which of the following structures is present in a prokaryotic cell?

A. Mitochondria. B. Nucleus.

C. Ribosome. D. Endoplasmic reticulum.

4. Which of the following is true for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

A. Manufacture enzymes. B. Form vesicles for exocytosis.

C. Have nuclear membranes. D. Have chromosomes composed of DNA.

5. To which of the following organelles would microtubules be most closely associated?

A. Chloroplasts. B. Mitochondria.

C. Cilia. D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.

6. Which of the following BEST describes the function of the organelle below?

A. Intracellular digestion.

B. Protein synthesis.

C. Modifying cellular products for secretion.

D. Phagocytosis.

7. Which of these pairs is BEST associated with plant cells?

A. Cilia and flagella. B. Chloroplasts and centrioles.

C. Rounded shape and flexibiity. D. Cell walls and large central vacuoles.

NAME / Describe its STRUCTURE / FUNCTION
Digestion of intra (inside) cellular material or used in cell death
Large, circular, dark staining object in the nucleus
Centriole
Used for cell locomotion or movement of the cell
Bean shaped organelle with a multi-folded inner membrane
Microfilament
Packages materials for export out of the cell. Also makes vesicles
This structure is made mostly of cellulose
Vesicle
Photosynthesis takes place here
Smooth E.R.
Polysome
Controls what enters and exits the cell.

E. Long Answer

Describe the differences and similarities in regards to structure and function of microtubules and microfilaments.

Describe the differences and similarities in regards to structure and function of cilia and flagella.

Describe the differences and similarities in regards to structure and function of a basal body and a centriole.

State the differences between plants and animal cells.

State the difference between a polysome and a ribosome.

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