CRW 221 Unit Two Sources Chart Fall 2010SECOND DRAFT
What is the source's main interdisciplinary position/message? / What method does the source follow? In other words, how is the argument put together? How does the author rely on multiple disciplines to make the argument? (Be sure to use at least one specific quote as substantiation.) / Which disciplines does the author assume the reader has as part of his/her prior knowledge? (Point out at least one specific quote as an example.) / List some of the main disciplines that the author relies on. / Illustrate how the source connects to another course source by associating specific quotes from each source.Shiva's Biopiracy / Asha
The main sources of disciplinary Shiva used to explain her argument were law (patent law, international law and environment law) and humanities (history, women study). Shiva used different disciplinary to back-up her argument or her position. She talked about how Columbus started colonizing human and land and today how biotechnologist having patents life-form and genetic engineering. Her message is clear she wants to educate the general public. / Binti
The author is rely on biotechnology, ecology and genetic. “Process like hybridization are the technological means that stop seed from reproducing itself. This provides capital with an eminently effectively way of circumventing natural constraints on commodification of the seed”(40).“Industrial patents allows other to use a product, but utility patent for seed implies that farmer purchasing patented see would have right to use(to grow) the seeds but not to make it (to save and replant)”(55) Before every seeds that grew is all natural process but now everything depend on technology. Now farmer are fully depend on technology to reproduction. From history to now everything changed due to biopiracy. Now everything done by technology. Shiva used readers’ knowledge about history and medicine, to teach reader about shift from ecological process of production to genetic process of production. She clearly explains how history of medicine has been changed due to bio piracy. / Deborah Higginbottom
Shiva assumed that her readers had prior knowledge in the following disciplines: History, Religious Studies (Christianity) and geography in her argument on bio-piracy. First, Shiva gives us a historical background by informing her readers as to how Columbus was commissioned to discovery & control new lands and its inhabitants ; and how it was sanctioned by the Catholic Church. She Illustrates this if the following statement: “On April 17, 1492, Queen Isabel and King Ferdinand granted Christopher Columbus the privileges of
“discovery and conquest. One year later, on may 4, 1493, Pope Alexander VI, through his “Bull of Donation,” granted all islands, and mainlands “discovered and to be discovered, one hundred leagues to the West and South of the Azures toward India (pg 1).” / Asha, Binti, Debra, Oum
Shivas’ readings she relies history in her main discipline to explain her argument. (five hundred years after Columbus, a more secular version of the same project of colonization continue through patents and intellectual property rights) (Shiva, 20) The discipline she attempts to teach us is law especially patent law. She depends on history of colonization to teach us how these big companies colonizing with small farmers. She is showing the general public or college students to teach them what those big companies and wealth counties using to profit something is not doesn’t belong to them. / Oum
Shiva shows to readers about “Biopiracy” which is combine two disciplines together. Biology is scientific study of the life and structural of plants and animal or living thing (Oxford source). Piracy is recording without permission and so as to make a profit (Oxford source). Shiva shows disciplines to readers about Columbus history and “the hybridization seed” (p.50). On the other hand, she shows disciplines to readers about “discover and conquest” (p.1). These disciplines combine together into one idea of Biopiracy ( interdiscipline). These Shiva connect to Lattuca about integrated all the disciplines. Lattuca said “However systems theories and structuralist search for structural parallels between discipline and seek to create a unified science that integrates all the disciplines”(p.17) and another connect ideas of Shiva and Lattuca is Shiva ‘s idea connect with Lattuca’s idea about how they combine the timeline of history together . Shiva said “ the creation of property though the piracy of other’s wealth remain the same as 500” (p.2) Lattuca said “Roy (1979) day to day interaction between persons from…(p.13) “Rudolph (1977) contends that us higher education…” (p.7)
Thomas’s “On Thinking about Thinking”
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George / The main interdisciplinary message used by Thomas is psychology. Although humans try to think the same way for different subjects the thinking process is more complex then we know.
“Sometimes, not often but sometimes, all the particles are organized in aggregates and all the aggregates are connected, and the mind becomes a single structure, motile now and capable of purposeful, directional movement.”(154)
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George / Thomas relies in the readers understanding of biology and chemistry. He uses reader’s prior knowledge of biology to use words like receptors, which he assumes the reader knows what they are and just states that they are branched and complex.
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George / Chemistry, art, music, psychology, and physics are disciplines that the author assumes the reader has prior knowledge of.
“At any waking moment the human head is filled alive with molecules of thought called notions.” (151)
Physics- he also assumes reader knows what the Brownian movement works. “ two steps tracks like the path of Brownian movement” Thomas (151)
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George / Thomas argument relies on biology and chemistry, he starts off by stating that “Human head is filled alive with molecules of thoughts called notions” (Thomas 151) He also tries to teach about biology when he writes about stages of development “ At this stage of its development, each mass of conjoined, separate notions…shifts into its own fixed orbit. (Thomas 152). Other disciplines that Thomas used include Art, Law, Physics & Psychology
Author? / Thomas writing clearly fits Nissani’s definition of interdisciplinary which states that “Interdisciplinary involves bringing together distinct component of two or more disciplines” (Nissani 1) . Thomas used different disciplines like Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Law and Psychology to show how brain works and he is very successful.
Author?
Thomas's "Medical Lessons from History" / Anys Chami
The main interdisciplinary position of the source consist on making the transition between medicine as an empirical discipline as it was a century ago, and what it became in our days more like a study field based on observation and studying of the cause or source of the disease than trying to cure it.
Author?
The Thomas” s main interdisciplinary message from the article, entitled “Medical Lessons from History” is the interaction existing between the empirical knowledge and the modern medical terminal today consisting in using both the past and the new technology today. As I see it .the Thomas’s message is about the history science (empirism version and modern medical that has achieved gradually around trial and mistake that get improvement today by means of “discovery’s to help us to get an accuracy solution for sickness which were incurable disease before. So far ,he believes that we need better science to heal our sickness. / Anys Chami
The author rely on multiple disciplines as history mainly medical history, also basic science a quote(It was the direct outcome of many years…)page 164.As of / Salnave jean
GueslyPierre
AnysChami
As illustration, when I read Thomas “s medical lesson I find that he has some connection with Shiva’s biopiracy.By using the readers prior knowledge they arrive to their get job done in the same way. Thomas uses as Shiva: History, biology chemistry and economics etc we find that discipline in both authors Thomas and Shiva. For Thomas in his article he stresses That “ The ways ,some sickness like carcinogenic substances or substances virus were still unsolved in the past ten decade but now they can work on now” “ Thomas,(166) and like Thomas in her article ‘as similar point we can note the use of “ Biropiracy” which is the Columbus discovery “ by this way through patents and genetic engineering and new colonies are being carved” Shiva” ,” Shiva ) (5)’ In a sense by their way they use the reader’s prior knowledge to get their job done. / Guesly Pierre
List some of the main disciplines that the author relies on: Medicine, Neurobiology,Biochemistry, technology,and Biological Science
Hawking's A Brief History of Time / Maria Lomba.
I believe the main source interdisciplinary message in this reading is that the author wants us to pay a close attention on how time and space are related to each other. Stephen is explaining interdisciplinary in a complex way by illustrating it with some diagrams which gave a reader more chance to have a better understanding about the reading. Besides his emphases in cosmology; at the same time the author relies on mathematic to demonstrate us how discipline have a connection to each other. / Lasana Kenneh
According to the reading, "the author compared and contract two different observers reading together. The two observers were base on different measurement; and really which ideas was specifically base on measuring a pulse of light sent from one place to another. Different observers agree on time the journey took, but not agree how far light traveled. Different observers measure different speeds for the light. On the other hand, both observers agree on how fast light travels"(Hawking 21). / Lasana Kenneh
Basically the author assumes the reader has disciplinary knowledge of physic. Base on the fact that, “everything was focusing completely of time each observers must measure as recorded with him or her. On the other hand, the identical clocks by different observers would notnecessarily agree. Moreover, they agree on onething and not another" (Hawking 21). / Ricky Raymond
“A Brief History of Time” by Stephen Hawking. The main disciplines that the author relies on are the speed of light. The discipline in which the author attempts to teach is space and time. The speed of light is also the discipline that the author tries to teach the readers. Here is the quote: “In Newton’s theory, if pulse of light is sent from one place to another, different observers would agree on the time that the journey took (since time is absolute), but will not always agree on how far the light (since space is not absolute). (21) / Ricky Raymond
The quote from “Piracy Through Patents” by Vandana Shiva: “As with the transformation of terra mater to terra nullius, the new biotechnologies rob farmers’ seeds of life and value by the very process that makes corporate seeds the basis of wealth creation.” This reading connects to “A Brief History of Time” by Stephen Hawking.
Singh's Big Bang / Aaron Thai, with contribution from Shannon Forte, Derek Morry, Sarah Borges
The author is showing the transition of the ages of the Greek civilization in education. First, he started with the civilization’s mythology. The myths explained that the stars and planets were gods, especially the Sun, which let them survive on earth. Then the author transit into the real science. The Greeks found out the facts about the Moon and Sun to prove that they were stones, not gods, by using scientific measurements to measure the universe. They “relied on logic, mathematics, observation and measurement” (Singh 17). Finally, the author connects science to technology because many of the technological breakthroughs often come from scientific discoveries, such as electricity. “scientists spent decades making discoveries about electricity, which technologists then used to invent light bulbs and many other devices” (19). The devices that he mentions I assume he meant cell phone, IPod, IPad, etc. It is a pretty clear connection in the article that the civilization went through these different ages. / Sarah Borges
Singh uses the ideas of myths into the development of science as time went on. The origin Big Bang model that was followed and from then on developed. As written by Singh, “The Big Bang model offers an elegant explanation of the origin of everything we see in the night sky, making it one of the greatest achievements of the human intellect and spirit” (pg 3). The Big Bang model was from where everything started from and tied back into. He then transitions to the development of science. As written by Singh, “The fact that Xenophanes and Anaximander were not very close to the truth is unimportant, because the real point is that they were developing theories that explained the natural world without resorting to supernatural devices or deities” ( pg 6). Technology was not being relied on and instead logic was being used to develop theories. / Derek Morry
The author assumes the reader has different parts of his/her prior knowledge like cosmology, philosophy, history, and mathematics, as well as several others. The author also assumes the reader has some knowledge of “science,” and when I say science, I mean science as a whole field of study, due to its new emergence during this time frame. Along with science, the Singh also assumes the reader has an idea of the scientific method. “The amazing achievements of Eratosthenes, Aristarchus and the Anaxagoras illustrate the advances in scientific thinking that were taking place in ancient Greece, because their measurements of the universe relied on logic, mathematics, observation and measurement” (Singh 17). These elements all are involved with the scientific method. Singh partially explains the ideas; however, he does not go in to much detail. He expects the reader to have an idea of what science and the scientific method are. / Shannon Forte
In Simon Singh’s Big Bang: The Origins of the Universe, he discusses many different disciplines however, the main disciplines he focuses on are mythology and science. But when Singh is using science as a discipline he is focusing on the topic of science when it was just beginning. His use of the discipline science is before science was broken up into sub-disciplines and what is considered science today. Singh teaches the reader about many different things but what he is trying to do is teach the reader about the Big Bang theory through the use of scientific theory. And for him to do this he explains the beginning of science and where it came from and to do that he uses different disciplines of mythology and philosophy. He says, “the roots of the Big Bang model and the desire for a scientific theory of the universe can be traced right back to the decline of the ancient mythological view of the world” (Singh 4). He them goes on to explain different mythological views from all over the world and how those views ultimately lead to the beginning of the idea of science and the scientific method. Singh goes on to say, “The architecture of scientific logic has an inherent beauty which emerges from how various arguments fit together, how several measurements interlock with one another, and how different theories are suddenly introduced to add strength to the edifice” (20). What Singh is saying is that by teaching us about mythology and philosophy he is able to show how they all interlock together and each one contributes to the other. Therefore by understanding these disciplines he is able to show how science came about and how the scientific method has come to be what it is today. / Aaron Thai
The Big Bang by Simon Singh is similar to the Biopiracy by Shiva. The common areas of these two writings are the advance of science, and transition in ages. Singh – he made a transition of science from mythology all the way to modern science, which includes biotechnology that mentioned in Shiva’s Biopiracy. “Going back even further, the scientific method as a path to objective truth about the material world could start to blossom only when the role of myths and folklore had begun to decline” (Singh 4). And in Biopiracy, Shiva also began with history, that Columbus invaded North America. Then humans invaded to other animals territories. Finally, we are invading our own body. “The land, the forests, the rivers, the oceans, and the atmosphere have all been colonized, eroded, and polluted. Capital now has to look for new colonies to invade and exploit for its further accumulation,” which is “the interior spaces of the bodies of [humans] plants, and animals” (Shiva 5). These are the transition of the ages.