Complex Field and Laboratory Evaluation of Accessions of Cultivated and Wild Species Of

Complex field and laboratory evaluation of accessions of cultivated and wild species of oat showed these results.

On artificial condition (Pushkin) resistance to FHB and micotoxins contamination of 64 oat genotypes of cultivated and wild species different geographical origin were evaluated.Under Kuban field station of VIR condition on natural background of 49 oat landraces, cultivars and perspective breeding lines were evaluated.

Fusarium resistance of oat was evaluated on the basis of the following parameters: Fusarium damaged grains (mycological method), DNA content of trichothecene producing species of Fusarium fungi (RT-PCR) in grain samples, and amount of accumulated mycotoxins (ELISE). The significant relationship between all used parameters was found, but the highest correlation was detected between DNA mycotoxins contents (r=0.54, p<0.05).

On the basis of level of DNA content the genotypes were distributed into four groups with different resistance to Fusarium disease. Only 16% of samples belong to resistant and 57% belong to middle resistant genotypes. All another genotypes were susceptible to Fusarium pathogens. Two genotypes of oats к-15305 (Canada) and к-15326 (Russia) were not contain detectable amounts of mycotoxins and were characterized as resistant by regard to this parameter.

Infieldexperimentforcomplexofvaluablecharacters (earliness, largegrainwithproductivepanicle) some cultivars wereselected: Anchar (VIR-14270, Russia), Effektiv (VIR-15413, Austria), Chernigovskii 83 (VIR-11753, Ukraine), Typhoon (VIR-15378, Germany), Sibirskii golozernyi (VIR-15063, Russia), Sig (VIR-15335, Russia), Canyon (VIR-15375, Germany) andGalaxy (VIR-15374, Germany).

Underbiochemicalanalysisforproteinandoil content in the grain were selected naked oats – Persheron (Kirov reg.), Sibirskii golozernyi(Omsk reg.), Gavrosh (Kemerov reg.), Vladyka (Belorussia), Abel (Czechia), Mozart (Germany) andNumbat (Australia).

In the result of complex evaluation of accessions from VIR collection to FHB and agronomic valuable characters perspective cultivars for using in agricultural practice and oat breedingwere selected:

1. Naked cultivars:Persheron (VIR-15275, Russia) – early with high protein and oilcontent; Sibirskiigolozernyi(VIR-15063, Russia) – with productive panicle and high 1000 grain weight, with highproteinandoilcontent; Abel (VIR-14638, Czechia) – with highprotein,oiland oleic fatty acid content; Mozart (VIR-14650, Germany) – with highprotein,oiland oleic fatty acid content; Numbat (VIR-14851, Australia) – early, semi dwarf with high 1000 grain weight, with highprotein,oiland oleic fatty acid content.

2. Coveredcultivars: Anchar(VIR-14270, Russia) – earlywithproductivepanicleandhigh 1000 grainweight; Argamak(VIR-14648, Russia) – earlywithhighoilcontentandhighlenolic and lenolenic fatty acid content; Uran(VIR-15340, Russia) – with high 1000 grainweight; Adamo (VIR-14362, Netherland) – with high 1000 grainweight,withhighoilcontentandhighlenolic and lenolenic fatty acid content and with ratio about 1 between lenolic and oleic fatty acid; Typhoon (VIR-15378, Germany) – earlywith productive panicle and with highlenolic and lenolenic fatty acid content.