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Civics and Economics, Honors

Midterm Review, Part Three

  1. Identifying Federalist and Antifederalist Ideas. Distinguish the Federalist statements from the Antifederalist statements.

  1. Federalist
/ …a federal government…ought to be clothed with all the powers requisite to complete execution of its trust.
  1. Antifederalist
/ If a majority be united by a common interest, the rights of the minority will be insecure… In a society under the forms of which the stronger faction can readily unite and oppress the weaker, anarchy may as truly be said to reign as in a state of nature where the weaker individual is not secured against the violence of the stronger.
  1. Antifederalist
/ …one government…never can extend equal benefits to all parts of the United States. Different laws, customs, and opinions exist in the different states, which by a uniform system of laws would be unreasonably invaded.
  1. Antifederalists
/ A bill of rights…serves to secure the minority against the usurpation and tyranny of the majority.
  1. Antifederalist
/ The…new form of government…declares a consolidation or union of all the thirteen parts, or states, into one great whole. …It is an intuitive truth that a consolidated republican form of government [will lead]…into a monarchy, either limited or despotic.

What were the Federalist Papers? Who wrote them?

papers promoting ratification of Const.; Jay, Hamilton, Madison

What compromise was met between the Federalists and the Antifederalists?

inclusion of the Bill of Rights

“We the People of the United States, in order to…

form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity

…do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.”

  1. Articles of the Constitution: Pair each of the seven topics with its corresponding article of the Constitution, then use the Roman numerals to locate the items that follow.

ratification / amendment process / executive branch / judicial branch
federalism and the states / legislative branch / national supremacy
Article I / legislative branch / Article V / amendment process
Article II / executive branch / Article VI / national supremacy
Article III / judicial branch / Article VII / ratification
Article IV / federalism and the states
IV / Full Faith and Credit Clause
II / the power to enforce laws
I / Elastic Clause
II / Presidential powers
I / the power to create laws
IV / relations between state and national government
VI / Supremacy Clause
III / the power to interpret laws
VII / the process by which the Constitution will go into effect
V / the process for changing the Constitution, if necessary
I / the process of distributing representatives based on population
I / the powers denied to Congress
III / the types of cases that can be heard in the Supreme Court
  1. The First Amendment: Identify and illustrate the five freedoms granted by the First Amendment.

(1) speech / (2) religion / (3) press
(4) petition / (5) assembly
  1. The Bill of Rights: Use the numbers 1-10 to identify the amendment in which each of the following principles can be found.

5 due process / 6 rights of the accused / 1 Establishment clause
6 speedy, public trial / 5 double jeopardy / 5 eminent domain
5 self-incrimination / 7 civil court cases / 2 right to bear arms
10 powers of states / 1 Free Exercise clause / 3 quartering soldiers
4 search and seizure / 9 powers of people / 6 trial by jury
1 separation of church
and state / 6 right to counsel / 8 cruel and unusual
punishment
  1. Amendments Eleven through Twenty-Seven: Organize the last seventeen amendments to the US Constitution.

Eleven / •limits jurisdiction of Sup. Court / •direct election of senators
Twelve / •separate electoral ballots / •Prohibition
Thirteen / •abolished slavery / •suffrage to former slaves
Fourteen / •citizenship for former slaves / •women’s suffrage
Fifteen / •suffrage to former slaves / •presidential succession
Sixteen / •income tax / •abolished slavery
Seventeen / •direct election of senators / •voting age to 18
Eighteen / •Prohibition / •presidential term limit
Nineteen / •women’s suffrage / •extends right to vote to D.C.
Twenty / •“lame duck” amendment / •restricts congressional pay raises
Twenty-one / •repeals Prohibition / •prohibits poll tax
Twenty-two / •presidential term limit / •repeals Prohibition
Twenty-three / •extends right to vote to D.C. / •“lame duck” amendment
Twenty-four / •prohibits poll tax / •separate electoral ballots
Twenty-five / •presidential succession / •citizenship for former slaves
Twenty-six / •voting age to 18 / •income tax
Twenty-seven / •restricts congressional pay raises / •limits jurisdiction of Sup. Court
  1. Requirements for Senators, Representatives, and the President: Complete the chart below, then determine the office held by the individuals in the statements that follow.

Senators / Representatives / President
Number of members / 100 / 435 / One
Age Requirement / 30 / 25 / 35
Length of Term / 6 years / 2 years / 4 years
Citizenship… / 9 years / 7 years / native-born
Legal Residency… / state / state / 14 years
Office held…
•Thomas Jacks is 28 and serves the district where he lives. / representative
•Barbara Jamison is not eligible for re-election. / president
•Chris Todd has been in Congress four years and has been re-elected once. / representative
•Patricia Lee has been in Congress for six years and is running for re-election for the first time. / senator
  1. Constitutional Powers: Define the following types of powers, then give an example of each.

expressed powers:powers specifically listed in the Constitution
example:power to tax, declare war, etc. / reserved powers: powers set aside for the states
example:intrastate trade, admin. elections
prohibited powers: powers that Congress cannot exercise
example:grant titles, favor states, etc. / concurrent powers: powers held by both state and federal government
example:power to tax, est. courts, etc.
inherent powers: powers that come with being a sovereign government
example:rules for citizenship / implied powers: powers not listed, but suggested in the Constitution; powers necessary as ‘means’ to Constitutional ends
example:est. military academy, US bank
  1. The President of the United States: Identify the seven roles of the President.

(a) as ceremonial figure and living symbol of the US…
Head of State /
Roles of the President / (e) as leader of the nation’s armed forces…
Commander-in-Chief
(b) in directing foreign policy…
Chief Diplomat / (f) inplanning the federal budget…
Economic Leader
(c) in proposing new legislation…
Legislative Leader / (d)in carrying out the nation’s laws…
Chief Executive / (g)as head of his or her political party…
Party Leader

IX. Officials of the Houses of Congress: Identify the major players in each house of Congress. The most influential members in each house are indicated with stars.

X. The Work of a Congressman: Describe the three parts of a congressman’s job in the chart below.

  • Place the following items in the correct boxes to trace the steps from bill to law.

  • What are the President’s THREE options when a bill comes to him from Congress?

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