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Chemthink.com- Atomic Structure
The atom is made up of ______distinct parts:
The Proton
• The ______is found in the center of the atom in the region called the ______.
• It is the number of ______that will determine what element an atom will be.
• The number of ______is called the ______number.
• Protons are one of the ______pieces of the atom.
• All protons have a ______charge.
The Neutron
• The ______is also found in the nucleus.
• Neutrons do not have any ______. (i.e. They are neutral.)
• They are able to hold the ______together in the nucleus.
• Neutrons have about the same mass as ______.
The Electron
• The ______is the smallest of the three particles and add virtually nothing to the overall ______of the atom.
• Electrons are in constant ______in the space around the nucleus.
• Electrons have a ______charge.
• They can ______from one atom to another or be ______between separate atoms.
• If an atom is neutral, it will have the same number of ______as ______.
• Electrons are responsible for many of the ______of individual atoms and are involved in all ______reactions.
Quiz score: ______Initials: ______
Name:______Date:_____Per:___
Chemthink.com- Ions
At certain times atoms can gain or lose one or more ______. When this happens we say that the atom has formed an ______. ______are just individual ______or groups of ______that have a ______. This ______comes from an imbalance in the number of positive ______and negative ______.
Gaining or losing electrons does not change the overall ______of the atom. Ions can behave very differently than the ______from which they are formed.
Examples
Losing Electrons
A neutral lithium atom has 3 protons and ____ electrons.
Write the symbol for a neutral lithium atom:
Lithium atoms can lose ______electron.
The ion has a +1 charge because there are still three ______in the nucleus, but only two ______.
Write the symbol for the lithium ion to show this charge:
Gaining Electrons
A neutral oxygen atom has 8 protons and ____ electrons.
Write the symbol for a neutral oxygen atom:
Oxygen atoms can gain ______electrons.
The ion has a -2 change because there are still eight ______in the nucleus, but now there are ten ______.
Write the symbol for the lithium ion to show this charge:
Negative ions can only be formed by ______electrons and positive ions can only be formed by ______electrons.
______are never gained or lost when ions are formed.
Sometimes groups of atoms will form ions. These ions are called ______ions.
Quiz Score:______Initials:____