ChemistryStandard 2, objective 2Multiple Choice/Essay
a1. In which type of atom would radioactive decay most likely occur?
A. Atoms belonging in the noble gas group
B. Only atoms with more than 50 protons
C. Atoms with unstable nuclei
D. Atoms that with less than 8 valence electrons
a2. What are two products of the decay of radioactive atoms?
A. electrons and protons
B. neutrons and electrons
C. radioactive particles and radiation
D. energy in the form of light and cosmic rays.
a3. What is true of most unstable atomic nuclei?
A. They are in the noble gas group.
B. The nucleus has more neutrons than protons.
C. The atom contains more electrons than protons.
D. The protons and neutron number is the same.
This graph shows the radioactive decay of Bismuth-210 as it decays to Thallium-206.
Use the graph from the previous page to answer the next three questions.
b4. According to the following graph, what is the half-life of Bismuth?
A. 25 days
B. 12.5 days
C. 5 days
D. 2.5 days
b5. If you began with 100 g of Bismuth 210 and nothing else in the jar at day 0, about how many grams of Thallium-206 would be in the jar after 10 days?
A. None, Bismuth cannot change into Thallium
B. 25 grams
C. 50 grams
D. 75 grams
b6. How old is an object with a molar ratio of 15% bismuth-210 to 85% Thallium-206?
A. 5 days
B. 10 days
C. 15 days
D. 20 days
c7. Which type of radiation has the most mass?
A. Alpha
B. Beta
C. Gamma
D. They have the same mass
c8. Which type of radiation has the most penetrating power?
A. Alpha
B. Beta
C. Gamma
D. The penetrating powers are the same
c9. Which particle can be stopped by a piece of paper?
A. Alpha
B. Beta
C. Gamma
D. They all can.
d10. Which of the following correctly lists the type of reaction that releases the most energy and the source of that energy?
A. Chemical reactions: energy is released from changes in chemical bonds.
B. Chemical reactions: energy is released from changes in the nucleus.
C. Nuclear reactions: energy is released from changes in chemical bonds.
D. Nuclear reactions: energy is released from the changes in the nucleus.
d11. Which reaction occurs in stars and produces tremendous amount of energy?
A. physical change
B. chemical reaction
C. nuclear fission
D. nuclear fusion
d12. In which reaction does a larger atom split and forms two smaller atoms?
A. physical change
B. chemical reaction
C. nuclear fission
D. nuclear fusion
d13. In which reaction do two elements combine to form a compound?
A. physical change
B. chemical reaction
C. nuclear fission
D. nuclear fusion
d14. Which of the following is easily reversible?
A. physical change
B. chemical reaction
C. nuclear fission
D. nuclear fusion
d15. Which reaction requires a temperature of 10,000,000 degrees Celsius to provide enough energy for the nuclei of the atoms to touch?
A. physical change
B. chemical reaction
C. nuclear fission
D. nuclear fusion
d16. In which reaction do two smaller atoms combine and form a larger, heavier atom?
A. physical change
B. chemical reaction
C. nuclear fission
D. nuclear fusion
Us this information to answer the next two questions:
e17. What is important to define before the paragraph above can help a nuclear worker make a decision about the safety of a workplace?
A. The location of the laboratory performing the work.
B. What equipment is used to bombard a cell
C. What kinds of cells are used in the experiments
D. What types of radiation will be present
e18. Given the information in this paragraph, how exactly can scientists predict amount of radiation an organism can receive before damage is done?
A. exactly
B. with confidence
C. with some uncertainty
D. they have no way to predict
e19. Which of the following is a way science has helped protect human health from nuclear radiation? Scientists have
A. created radiation-proof suits that can protect people from all types of radiation.
B. developed badges that show how much radiation nuclear workers have received.
C. discovered new ways to understand radiation and repair the damage done to cells.
D. stoped radiation from being emitted from the atoms that are most dangerous.
e20. Marie Curie was honored with a Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1911 for determining the atomic weight of radium. She and her daughter invented X-ray technology. How did their work affect human life?
A. Doctors could better diagnose injuries.
B. The atomic weight of radium led to a better understanding of atoms.
C. Her work was important to the discovery of new medicines.
D. People were inspired to begin looking for new elements in other places.
e21. Which of the following describes a positive aspect of using nuclear energy to provide electricity?
A. it does not emit greenhouse gases
B. there are few health risks associated with radiation.
C. nuclear power plants are inexpensive to build
D. safe storage of nuclear wastes has been developed.
e22. Which of the following describes a negative aspect of using nuclear energy to provide electricity?
A. it requires burning of nonrenewable fossil fuels
B. long-term storage of nuclear waste is difficult to find.
C. the reaction can be easily cooled by water.
D. the nuclear industry has a very dangerous safety record.
Essay
1. Create a table similar to the one below and compare the pros and cons of using each nuclear reaction.
.
Pros / ConsNuclear fusion
Nuclear fission
20. Do you think we should store nuclear waste or build nuclear power plants in Utah? Support your opinion with 3 statements of fact.
Key:
1. C
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. D
6. D
7. A
8. C
9. A
10. D
11. C
12. D
13. B
14. A
15. D
16. D
17. D
18. C
19. D
20. A
21. A
22. B
Essay
Pro’s and Cons Scoring Guide
Pros / ConsNuclear fusion / Produces less radioactive waste.
Fuel (Hydrogen) is plentiful
Produces large amounts of energy. / Requires extremely high temperatures that we do not currently have the technology to contain.
Nuclear fission / We have the technology.
Produces less air pollution than fossil fuels.
Produces large amounts of energy / Produces radioactive waste.
20. Response was clearly and concisely used logical reasoning to support their position and included 3 specific examples.