Chemistry (CP) Final Exam Study Guide 1
Matching
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. / organic chemistry / d. / analytical chemistryb. / inorganic chemistry / e. / physical chemistry
c. / biochemistry
____1.the study of the processes that take place in organisms
____2.concerned with the mechanism, rate, and energy transfer that occurs when matter undergoes a change
____3.the study of all chemicals containing carbon
____4.the study of chemicals that, in general, do not contain carbon
____5.the study of the composition of matter
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. / mixture / d. / reactantb. / product / e. / heterogeneous mixture
c. / phase / f. / vapor
____6.gaseous state of substance that is a liquid or solid at room temperature
____7.a physical blend of two or more components
____8.part of a sample having uniform composition and properties
____9.not uniform in composition
____10.a substance formed in a chemical reaction
____11.starting substance in a chemical reaction
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. / atomic emission spectrum / d. / photonb. / frequency / e. / quantum
c. / wavelength / f. / spectrum
____12.discrete bundle of electromagnetic energy
____13.energy needed to move an electron from one energy level to another
____14.number of wave cycles passing a point per unit of time
____15.distance between wave crests
____16.separation of light into different wavelengths
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____17.Which of the following would a chemist be most likely to study?
a. / a leaf floating on water / c. / a leaf being blown by the windb. / a leaf changing color in autumn / d. / a leaf being eaten by insects
____18.Which of the following statements is false?
a. / Knowledge of chemistry allows the public to make informed decisions.b. / Studying chemistry ensures that officials make correct choices in funding technology.
c. / Knowledge of chemistry helps prepare people for careers in soil science.
d. / Chemistry explains many aspects of nature.
____19.Which of the following is an example of a current research focus in chemistry?
a. / development of smoke detectors for common useb. / using hook-and-loop tape in the clothing industry
c. / applying gene therapy to treat certain diseases
d. / studying coal combustion as an energy source
____20.How do conceptual problems differ from numeric problems?
a. / Solutions to conceptual problems involve analysis, while numeric solutions do not.b. / Logic is not usually involved in solving numeric problems.
c. / A plan is necessary to solve numeric problems, but is not necessary for conceptual problems.
d. / Solutions to conceptual problems normally do not involve calculations.
____21.All of the following are physical properties of matter EXCEPT ____.
a. / mass / c. / melting pointb. / color / d. / ability to rust
____22.Which of the following is NOT a physical property of water?
a. / It has a boiling point of 100C.b. / It is a colorless liquid.
c. / It is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
d. / Sugar dissolves in it.
____23.A vapor is which state of matter?
a. / solid / c. / gasb. / liquid / d. / all of the above
____24.Which state of matter takes both the shape and volume of its container?
a. / solid / c. / gasb. / liquid / d. / both b and c
____25.Which of the following CANNOT be classified as a substance?
a. / table salt / c. / nitrogenb. / air / d. / gold
____26.Which of the following items is NOT a compound?
a. / baking soda / c. / sucroseb. / salad dressing / d. / table salt
____27.Which of the following is a chemical property?
a. / color / c. / freezing pointb. / hardness / d. / ability to react with oxygen
____28.Which of the following is a chemical property of water at 4C?
a. / its colorb. / its state
c. / its temperature
d. / its ability to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen
____29.Which of the following measurements contains two significant figures?
a. / 0.004 00 L / c. / 0.000 44 Lb. / 0.004 04 L / d. / 0.004 40 L
____30.Which group of measurements is the most precise? (Each group of measurements is for a different object.)
a. / 2 g, 3 g, 4 g / c. / 2 g, 2.5 g, 3 gb. / 2.0 g, 3.0 g, 4.0 g / d. / 1 g, 3 g, 5 g
____31.Which of the following measurements is expressed to three significant figures?
a. / 0.007 m / c. / 7.30 10 kmb. / 7077 mg / d. / 0.070 mm
____32.What is the measurement 111.009 mm rounded off to four significant digits?
a. / 111 mm / c. / 111.01 mmb. / 111.0 mm / d. / 110 mm
____33.What is the measurement 1042 L rounded off to two significant digits?
a. / 1.0 10 L / c. / 1050 Lb. / 1040 L / d. / 1.1 10 L
____34.What is the metric system prefix for the quantity 0.000 001?
a. / centi- / c. / kilo-b. / deci- / d. / micro-
____35.Which of the following units is NOT an official SI unit?
a. / kilogram / c. / moleb. / ampere / d. / liter
____36.What is the boiling point of water in kelvins?
a. / 0 K / c. / 273 Kb. / 100 K / d. / 373 K
____37.What is the temperature –34C expressed in kelvins?
a. / 139 K / c. / 239 Kb. / 207 K / d. / 339 K
____38.What is the volume of 45.6 g of silver if the density of silver is 10.5 g/mL?
a. / 0.23 mL / c. / 479 mLb. / 4.34 mL / d. / none of the above
____39.Which hypothesis led to the discovery of the proton?
a. / When a neutral hydrogen atom loses an electron, a positively-charged particle should remain.b. / A proton should be 1840 times heavier than an electron.
c. / Cathode rays should be attracted to a positively-charged plate.
d. / The nucleus of an atom should contain neutrons.
____40.All atoms are ____.
a. / positively charged, with the number of protons exceeding the number of electronsb. / negatively charged, with the number of electrons exceeding the number of protons
c. / neutral, with the number of protons equaling the number of electrons
d. / neutral, with the number of protons equaling the number of electrons, which is equal to the number of neutrons
____41.As a consequence of the discovery of the nucleus by Rutherford, which model of the atom is thought to be true?
a. / Protons, electrons, and neutrons are evenly distributed throughout the volume of the atom.b. / The nucleus is made of protons, electrons, and neutrons.
c. / Electrons are distributed around the nucleus and occupy almost all the volume of the atom.
d. / The nucleus is made of electrons and protons.
____42.Isotopes of the same element have different ____.
a. / positions on the periodic table / c. / atomic numbersb. / chemical behavior / d. / mass numbers
____43.In which of the following sets is the symbol of the element, the number of protons, and the number of electrons given correctly?
a. / In, 49 protons, 49 electrons / c. / Cs, 55 protons, 132.9 electronsb. / Zn, 30 protons, 60 electrons / d. / F, 19 protons, 19 electrons
____44.Using the periodic table, determine the number of neutrons in O.
a. / 4 / c. / 16b. / 8 / d. / 24
____45.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. / Atoms of the same element can have different masses.b. / Atoms of isotopes of an element have different numbers of protons.
c. / The nucleus of an atom has a positive charge.
d. / Atoms are mostly empty space.
____46.Select the correct symbol for an atom of tritium.
a. / n / c. / Hb. / H / d. / H
____47.How is the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom calculated?
a. / Add the number of electrons and protons together.b. / Subtract the number of electrons from the number of protons.
c. / Subtract the number of protons from the mass number.
d. / Add the mass number to the number of electrons.
____48.What unit is used to measure weighted average atomic mass?
a. / amu / c. / angstromb. / gram / d. / nanogram
____49.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. / Protons have a positive charge.b. / Electrons are negatively charged and have a mass of 1 amu.
c. / The nucleus of an atom is positively charged.
d. / Neutrons are located in the nucleus of an atom.
____50.What is the maximum number of d orbitals in a principal energy level?
a. / 1 / c. / 3b. / 2 / d. / 5
____51.What types of atomic orbitals are in the third principal energy level?
a. / s and p only / c. / s, p, and d onlyb. / p and d only / d. / s, p, d, and f
____52.What is the next atomic orbital in the series 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p?
a. / 2d / c. / 3fb. / 3d / d. / 4s
____53.According to the aufbau principle, ____.
a. / an orbital may be occupied by only two electronsb. / electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins
c. / electrons enter orbitals of highest energy first
d. / electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first
____54.Which type of electromagnetic radiation includes the wavelength 10 m?
a. / gamma ray / c. / radio waveb. / microwave / d. / visible light
____55.What is the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave that travels at 3 10 m/s and has a frequency of 60 MHz? (1 MHz = 1,000,000 Hz)
a. /b. / 60 MHz 300,000,000 m/s
c. /
d. / No answer can be determined from the information given.
____56.The atomic emission spectra of a sodium atom on Earth and of a sodium atom in the sun would be ____.
a. / the sameb. / different from each other
c. / the same as those of several other elements
d. / the same as each other only in the ultraviolet range
____57.What are quanta of light called?
a. / charms / c. / muonsb. / excitons / d. / photons
____58.Who predicted that all matter can behave as waves as well as particles?
a. / Albert Einstein / c. / Max Planckb. / Erwin Schrodinger / d. / Louis de Broglie
____59.According to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, if the position of a moving particle is known, what other quantity CANNOT be known?
a. / mass / c. / spinb. / charge / d. / velocity
____60.How can the position of a particle be determined?
a. / by analyzing its interactions with another particleb. / by measuring its velocity
c. / by measuring its mass
d. / by determining its charge