RioHondoCollegeName:
Chemistry 101 –Chemistry and Our WorldDate:
Instructor: Dr. Kenneth R. RodriguezScore:
Exam #2
Directions: Answer each question to the best of your ability. Select the best answer from the given choices and carefully transfer your answer onto a Scantron-882 sheet. You can write on anypart of the exam.
1. Potential energy is defined as
a. heat energy
b. energy associated with motion
c. stored energy
d. the ability to do work
2. ______helps lower the activation barrier and make reactions go faster.
a. An inert gasb. A catalystc. A metald. A semiconductor
3. O2(g) 2O(g) is what type of reaction?
a. exothermicb. endothermic
4. Entropy is the 2nd law of thermodynamics that tells us the universe is constantly increasing with disorder and also
a. reversible b. constant c. irreversibled. spontaneous
5. Ions, such as NaCl, dissolved in water have less order and thus ______entropy than in the solid crystal state.
a. lower b. equal c. greater d. has no
6. The study of reaction rates is called
a. free energy b. collisions c. equilibriumd. kinetics
7. The minimum energy to achieve reaction is called
a. heat energy b. activation energy c. kinetic energy d. potential energy
8. If the temperature is increased during a reaction then the rate is
a. decreased b. the same c. increased d. no spontaneous
9. The equation for the formation of nitrogen monoxide is
N2(g) + O2(g) + 90.2 kJ 2NO (g). Is the formation of NO
a. exothermic reactionb. endothermic reaction
10. Is the energy of the products from question #9 higher or lower than the energy of the reactants?
a. higherb. lower
11. Which type of chemical bond requires the least amount of energy to break?
a. single
b. double
c. triple
d. quadruple
12. A spontaneous reaction is how reactions occur because reactants proceed to products with energy released
a. up hillb. over hillc. down hill d. under hill
13. Does it cost you more energy to take the stairs going up the Eiffel tower than climbing a 10-foot ladder?
a. true b. false
14. CO2(s) CO2(g) is what type of reaction?
a. exothermicb. endothermic
15. Does breaking an egg increase or decrease entropy?
a. increaseb. decrease
16. Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
a. boiling water
b. iodine sublimating
c. barbequing a steak
d. breaking a piece of glass
17. Which of the following has the highest kinetic energy?
a. boulder on the top of hill
b. water behind a dam
c. a ball falling from a 3 story building
d. a piece of wood sitting in the backyard
18. CH4 + 2O2 (heat applied) CO2 + 2H2O + 430 kJ is typically known as what type of a reaction?
a. double replacement b. combustion c. single replacement d. combination
19. Which law states that matter is neither lost nor gained during a chemical reaction?
a. Law of multiple proportions
b. Law of definite proportions
c. Law of chemical reactions
d. Law of conservation of mass
20. When heat for a reaction is absorbed from the surrounding is known as
a. exothermic b. isothermal c. isobaric d. endothermic
21. Which radiation type has no detectable charge?
a. alpha
b. beta
c. gamma
d. both alpha and beta
22. Which radiation type was shown to be identical with the electron?
a. alpha
b. beta
c. gamma
d. none are identical with the electron
23. How many protons and neutrons are in Bi-212?
a. 83 p and 129 nb. 84 p and 128 nc. 83 p and 128 nd. 84 p and 129 n
24. What is the nuclide Cs-141 in the subscripted-superscripted form?
a. 14055Csb. 14155Csc. 14156Csa. 13956Cs
25. What does it mean to be radioactive?
a. a nucleus that is inherently unstable and absorbs energy and/or particles.
b. an atom that is inherently unstable and releases energy and/or particles.
c. the conversion between AM and FM radio waves.
d. a nucleus that is inherently unstable and releases energy and/or particles.
26. X-rays are a high source of pure energy from the electromagnetic spectrum?
a. trueb. false
27. Which of the following statement is false of chemical reactions?
a. The number and types of atoms are the same in the products and the reactants?
b. Different isotopes of the same element behave similarly.
c. Only the valence electrons are involved.
d. New elements are often formed.
28. What is the missing product in the following nuclear reaction? 20881Tl ? + 0-1
a. 21082Pbb. 20882Pbc. 20882Bi d. 21081Pb
29.Two common units for measuring radioactivity are named after whom?
a. Einstein and Curie b. Rutherford and Feynmann c. Curie and Becquerel d. Hahn and Groves
30. Transuranic Elements are elements heavier than what element?
a. Plutonium b. Protactinium c. Radium d. Uranium
31. Which of the following statement is false of nuclear reactions?
a. The number and types of atoms are the same in the products and the reactants?
b. Different isotopes of the same element behave similarly.
c. Only the valence electrons are involved.
d. New elements are often formed.
32. Two atoms which have the same atomic number but different mass numbers are called
a. sisters
b. neutrinos
c. allotropes
d. isotopes
33. What is the missing product in the following nuclear reaction? 263106Sg 42He + ?
a. 258104Rfb. 259103Rfc. 258103Lrd. 259104Rf
34. How many protons and neutrons are in 21482Pb?
a. 80 p and 130 nb. 82 p and 131 nc. 82 p and 132 nd. 84 pand 132 n
35. What device is used to detect ionizing radiation by counting electrical pulses?
a. a Geiger-Mullerb. a Denning c. an Albertsond. a Rodriguez
36. What isotope of carbon is used for radioactive carbon-dating?
a. C-12b. C-13c. C-14d. C-15
37. Which is not a type of nuclear decay?
a. -particleb. -particlec. -particled. -particle
38. The most radiated element with the highest percent of natural radiation source is
a. Plutonium (Pu)b. Radon (Rn)c. Radium (Ra)d. Polonium (Po)
39.The first atomic test blast that occurred on July 16th 1945, in the New Mexico dessert is the
a. Trinity testb. Pentagon testc. Mercury testd. Protium test
40. What country during WWII did the U.S.drop the 1st atomic bomb over?
a. Nagasakib. Japanc. Hiroshimad. Okinawa
41. Who was the director in charge of the new laboratory in Los Alamos, New Mexico, charged with the design and construction of the atomic bomb?
a. J. Robert Oppenheimerb. Richard Feynmanc. Ernest Rutherfordd. Marie Curie
42. Identify the saturated hydrocarbon?
a. C3H8
b. C4H8
c. C2H4
d. C6H6
43. What is the functional group of this molecule?
a. aldehyde
b. amine
c. amide
d. carboxylic acid
44. Aromatic hydrocarbons contain what types of bonds?
a. single b. single-doublec. double d. double-triple
45. Which of the following molecules has only single bonds?
a. CH2CH2
b. CH3CH3
c. CO2
d. CHCH
46. Saturated hydrocarbons have what type of bonds?
a. singleb. double c. tripled. single-double
47. What is the functional group of this molecule?
a. aldehyde
b. carboxylic acid
c. ketone
d. alcohol
48. Which is a nonpolar molecule with a polar covalent bond?
a. HCl
b. NH3
c. H2O
d. CO2
49. What is the name of the alkane?
a. butane
b. pentane
c. hexane
d. heptane
50. Small hydrocarbons that tend to be gases at room temperature interact through relatively what type of weak forces?
a. hydrogen b. ionic c. London d. polar
51. Which of the following statements is true about properties of organic compounds?
a. Organic molecules containing bonded polar atoms are generally more water soluble than those containing only carbon and hydrogen.
b. Polar molecules dissolve in non polar solvents.
c. Large hydrocarbon and those containing bonded polar atoms are gases at room temperature.
d. Carbon has 3 valence electrons.
52. What is the functional group of this molecule?
a. ketone
b. amide
c. ester
d. aldehyde
53. Can an insoluble, nonpolar hydrocarbon become water (polar) soluble?
a. trueb. false
54. What is the parent compound of which acetylsalicylic acid is derived from?
a. Acetone b. Saloxen c. Salicin d. Taxol
55. Which of the following molecules has a triple bond?
a. CO2
b. NH3
c. Cl2
d. N2
56. What is the name of this aromatic compound?
a. Benzene
b. Naphthalene
c. Anthracene
d. Cyclohexane
57. Which of the following compounds is an isomer structure of ethanol (C2H6O)?
a. octane
b. isooctane
c. diethyl ether
d. dimethyl ether
58. What is the name of this compound?
a. cyclopentane
b. cyclohexane
c. cycloheptane
d. cyclooctane
59. In a fuel cell using oxygen as the oxidizer and hydrogen as the fuel, what is the overall cell reaction?
a. H2O H2 + O2
b. 2 H2 + O2 2 H2O
c. H2O + 4 e– 2 H2 + 4 OH–
d. O2 + 4 H+ + 4 e–2 H2O
60. The primary source of global SO2 in the atmosphere is believed to be
a. forest firesb. human activityc. volcanoesd. forests
61. In a photochemical reaction,
a. the chemical reaction is energized by light
b. nitrogen dioxide must be present
c. ozone is always formed
d. none of the above
62. What is the greenhouse effect?
a. solar radiation is trapped and reemitted as heat
b. the increase in plant material
c. UV radiation is absorbed and reemitted as heat
d. all of these
63. What continent is the ozone hole located over?
a. Africa
b. Antarctica
c. Asia
d. North America
64. Carbon dioxide warms the earth by
a. absorbing ultraviolet light and emitting longer wavelength light
b. the greenhouse effect
c. reacting exothermally with water vapor in the atmosphere
d. being radioactive
65. Which are the most abundant gases in the atmosphere?
a. oxygen and neonb. nitrogen and oxygen
c. carbon dioxide and nitrogend. oxygen, carbon dioxide and helium
66. The atmospheric layer in which is found the air we breathe is
a. troposphereb. mesophere
c. stratosphered. thermosphere
67. Which substance would be present in the greatest concentration during the morning
rush hour around 7am on a smoggy day in Los Angeles?
a. NOb. O3c. NO2d. SO3
68. Which is the secondary pollutant in photochemical smog?
a. sulfur dioxideb. nitrogenc. hydrocarbond. ozone
69. When coal and fuel oil are burned, what two primary pollutants are formed?
a. SO2 and CO2b. HNO3 and H2SO4
c. CO and O3d. hydrocarbons and NO2
70. Which oxide of nitrogen is produced by lightning, forest fires, and internal
combustionengines?
a. N2Ob. NO2c. NOd. N2O5
71. Which of the following is not considered an air pollutant?
a. water vaporb. ozonec. nitric oxided. sulfur dioxide
72. A secondary pollutant
a. is less destructive than a primary pollutant
b. causes destruction on buildings but not on human beings
c. is produced by chemical reactions in the air
d. has a shorter lifetime in the atmosphere than that of a primary pollutant
73. The primary source of carbon monoxide (CO) is
a. the automobile
b. any burning process in the presence of a plentiful supply of air
c. from carbon dioxide
d. electrical power plants
74. Which of the following is not necessary for a thermal inversion?
a. an enclosed section of land where lateral movement of air is hindered
b. an abundant supply of SO2
c. a layer of colder air beneath a layer of warmer air
d. an absence of rain or other precipitation
75. What brown oxide of nitrogen is a necessary component of photochemical smog?
a. NOb. NO2c. NO3d. N2O5
76. Why is carbon monoxide toxic to mammals?
a. it acts as a neurotoxin
b. inhibits oxygen binding to hemoglobin
c. causes restriction of the airway
d. it is very addictive
77. Which atmospheric region contains the protective ozone layer?
a. troposphereb. mesospherec. stratosphered. thermosphere
78. Which source is responsible for the greatest NOx emissions in the United States?
a. lightning b. biomass burning c. fossil fuel combustion d. microbial activity in soil
79. Which is not a practical way to control hydrocarbon emissions?
a. design spouts on gasoline pumps to prevent gasoline leaks
b. use catalytic converters in automobiles
c. install an oxygen sensor in car engines
d. cut down trees emitting hydrocarbons in the atmosphere
80. Which chemical would be most likely to react with sulfur dioxide and remove it from
combustion gases?
a. NO, nitric oxideb. NaCl, saltc. CaO, limed. HNO3, nitric acid
Directions: Answer each question to the best of your ability. You must show your work for full credit.
81. The energy diagram for the reaction A B is shown here under two different conditions as the upper and lower traces. (10 pts)
a. Which reaction is faster, the upper or the lower pathway?
b. Label the following parts on the figure below for either pathway using
- Net energy released
- Reactants
- Products
- Energy
- Reaction coordinate
- The activation energy
c. What is the difference between the upper and lower traces if this is the same
reaction?
82. What are two pollutants founds in photochemical smog? (5 points)
CO, NOx, and O3
83. What are two pollutants founds in industrial smog? (5 points)
SO2 and particulate matter
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