Supplemental Table 1: Chemical and physical parameters of sample sites (range).
RangeNa (mg/L) / 9 - 50
Mg (mg/L) / 11 - 20
Ca (mg/L) / 37 - 128
Mn (mg/L) / 0.02 - 3.1
Fe, total (mg/L) / 0.16 - 0.39
Sr (g/L) / 103 - 460
Ba (g/L) / 41 - 179
DIC (mg/L) / 37 - 75
Cl- (mg/L) / 5 - 51
Conductivity (S/cm) / 334 - 1171
Turbidity (NTRU) / 3 - 25
Abbreviations of sites names: HC - Hinds Creek; EF - East Fork Poplar Creek; BC - Bear Creek; WC - White Oak Creek.
Supplemental Table 3: Most similar database sequences of Crenarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene to selected clusters.
Phylogenetic group / Cluster name (95%) / Closest database sequence (accession no.)a / Origen of sequence / %Simi-larity / Refe-rence
Freshwater Group / 3 / Unc. archaeon ASC43 (AB161341) / Petroleum contaminated soil / 98 / [27]
Unc. Str6_K6 (AM055699) / Sulfidic marsh springs / 97 / [32]
Unc. crenarchaeote VAL81 (AJ131315) / Surface water - freshwater lake / 95 / [26]
18 / Unc. archaeon ASC25 (AB161328) / Petroleum contaminated soil / 98 / [27]
15 / Unc. archaeon ASC45 (AB161342) / Petroleum contaminated soil / 95 / [27]
Miscellaneous Crenarchaeota Group / 1 / Unc. archaeon LCDARCH116 (EU247286) / Heavy-metal contaminated river sediments / 100 / [51]
Unc. archaeon MH1492_B9G (EU155993) / Minerotrophic fen peatlands / 100 / [7]
Unc. crenarchaeote RPS-D5 (AB288602) / Rice paddy soil / 100 / [22]
Unc. archaeon Str6_K32 (AM055702) / Cold sulphidic marsh water / 100 / [32]
Unc. crenarchaeote GFS5-9500iii (AY601296) / Glacier foreland / 100 / [45]
Anaerobic methanogenic archaeon ET1-8 (AJ244284) / Rice field / 100 / [11]
Oryza sativa HARR23 (AJ699099) / Rice plants roots / 98 / [37]
Unc. crenarchaeote Arch_AE_E07 (FJ968098) / Sulfur-rich water rising from sedimentary rock / 100 / [9]
Unc. archaeon LCDARCH120 (EU247272) / Heavy-metal contaminated river sediments / 100 / [51]
Unid. crenarchaeote pGrfC26 (UCU59986) / Lake sediments / 100 / [19]
Anaerobic methanogenic archaeon ET1-10 (AJ244286) / Rice field / 98 / [11]
2 / Unc. archaeon OHKA13.26 (AB094558) / Volcanic ash layers from subseafloor sediments core / 99 / [21]
Unc. archaeon GAB-A09 (AB183856) / Geothermal aquifer from subsurface basin / 99 / [31]
Unc. archaeon LCDARCH92 (EU247244) / Heavy-metal contaminated river sediments / 98 / [51]
4 / Unc. archaeon Lc2yS22_ML_184 (FJ354874) / Water lake, after hurricanes Katrina and Rita / 97 / [1]
Unc. archaeon MCAr118 (FJ604786) / Cave water / 96 / [10]
Unc. archaeon 060329_T2S2_S_T_SDP_097 (FJ351282) / Water lake, after hurricanes Katrina and Rita / 97 / [1]
12 / Unc. archaeon MCAr234 (FJ604792) / Cave water / 96 / [10]
13 / Unc. crenarchaeote Arch_AE_F09 (FJ968102) / Sulfur-rich water rising from sedimentary rock / 100 / [9]
16 / Unc. archaeon D64AR30R4 (AM778303) / Rice plant residues / 99 / [49]
20 / Unc. archaeon 060329_T2S4_S_T_SDP_364 (FJ352089) / Water lake, after hurricanes Katrina and Rita / 95 / [1]
23 / Unc. archaeon D64AR30R63 (AM778352) / Rice plant residues / 95 / [49]
17 / Unc. archaeon IH2-1b (AM270570) / Acidic fen soil / 90 / [60]
Group I3 / 5 / Unc archaeon IIO2-3a (AM270561) / Acidic fen soil / 99 / [60]
Unid. crenarchaeote VIARC-2 (AJ240005) / Sulforous lake water / 98 / [8]
Unc. archaeon 060329_T2S2_S_T_SDP_132 (FJ351274) / Water lake, after hurricanes Katrina and Rita / 97 / [1]
Rice Cluster VI / 14 / Unc. crenarchaeote ArcC-s_cB11 (EU307038) / Soil aggregates from saturated soils / 100 / [17]
Unc. archaeon clone ARC_JSC7-1 (DQ782360) / NASA spacecraft assembly facility / 100 / [43]
Unc. archaeon HL2 (AJ608192) / Soil near bank of river / 100 / [29]
Marine Group I / 7 / Unc. archaeon 670m_Arch6_0.5 16S (EU817644) / Sea water, Gyre, 670 m deep / 95 / [18]
Unc. archaeon 33-FL23A00 (AF355829) / Hyrdothermal vents / 95 / [20]
Unc. marine crenarchaeote SAT1000-21-C11 (EU686646) / South Atlantic ocean, 1000 deep / 95 / [40]
Unc. crenarchaeote BS5_62m_MG1-32 (EF155589) / Cold sulfidic water from suboxic zone / 95 / [12]
8 / Unc. crenarchaeote Arch_AE_A10 (FJ968081) / Sulfur-rich water rising from sedimentary rock / 100 / [9]
Unc. archaeon Str6_A1 (AM055706) / Marsh sulfidic springs / 100 / [32]
Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM1 (DQ085097) / Tropical seawater tank substratum at Aquarium / 94 / [33]
Unc. crenarchaeote JG35-TR-Ar14 (FM897359) / Uranium contaminated soil / 100 / -
Unid. archaeon LMA229 (U87519) / Lake sediment / 100 / [39]
Unc. archaeon ASC30 (AB161332 / Petroleum-contaminated soil / 100 / [27]
9 / Unc. archaeon L7S16_ML_147 (FJ354261) / Water street canal, after hurricanes Katrina and Rita / 99 / [1]
Unc. crenarchaeote CBS16S3-2-29 (EF450812) / Agricultural soil / 99 / [57]
Rice Cluster IV / 11 / Unc. archaeon CN2-8 (EF614357) / Ovine rumen / 97 / [46]
Crenarchaeotal sp. pJP 41 (CNBRG16SB) / Hot spring sediments / 95 / [2]
Unc. archaeon D64AR30R12 (AM778311) / Rice plant residues / 97 / [49]
Marine Benthic Group B / 10 / Unc. crenarchaeote F31 (EU910616) / Lake sediments / 98 / -
Unc. crenarchaeote ED1-37 (EU332082) / Marine sediments / 95 / [47]
a. Unc. - uncultured. Unid. -Unidentified
Supplemental Table 4: Most similar database sequences of Euryarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene to selected clusters.
Phylogenetic group / Cluster name (95%) / Closest database sequence (accession no.)a / Origen of sequence / %Simi-larity / Refe-rence
Methanomicrobiales / 30 / Unc. methanomicrobiaceae archaeon LDS16 (AY133903) / Lake sediments / 99 / [15]
Candidatus Methanoregula boonei strain SN14 (EU887821) / Acidic peatlands / 96 / [5]
Methanosphaerula palustris strain E1-9c (EU156000) / Minerotrophic fen peatland / 95 / [7]
Unc. archaeon clone MH1492_1C 16S (EU155975) / Minerotrophic fen peatland / 100 / [7]
Unc. euryarchaeote VAL78 (AJ131269) / Surface water of freshwater forest lake / 99 / [26]
Unc. Methanomicrobiaceae archaeon D64AR30R16 (AM778314) / Rice plant residues / 100 / [49]
Unc. Methanomicrobia archaeon SP-ProM-A (AB236066) / Pond sediment / 100 / [55]
32 / Unc. Methanomicrobiales QEED1CB071 (CU917179) / Municipal wastewater sludge / 99 / [52]
Methanosarcinales / 27 / Unc. archaeon LCDARCH53 (EU247310) / River sediments / 100 / [51]
Unc. archaeon MH1492_1E (EU155958) / minerotrophic fen peatland / 100 / [7]
Unc. archaeon clone D-ARCH (DQ369741) / Anaerobic methane oxidation / denitrification reactor / 100 / [50]
Unc. archaeon clone CBd-461H (DQ301887) / Acidic peatland / 100 / [6]
26 / Unc. archaeon clone MH1492_4E 16S (EU155950) / Minerotrophic fen peatland / 100 / [7]
Unc. Methanosarcinales archaeon QEEC1AB061 (CU917434) / Municipal wastewater sludge / 100 / [52]
Methanosaeta concilii Opfikon (NR_028242) / Municipal wastewater sludge / 97 / [48]
28 / Methanosarcina acetivorans (MESRR16SA) / Marine sediments / 99 / [56]
Methanolobus profundi (AB370245) / Subsurface of natural gas field / 98 / [42]
64 / Methanomethylovorans hollandica strain ZB (AY260433) / Freshwater sediments / 99 / [36]
Methanobacteriales / 25 / Methanobacterium bryantii strain MOHG (AY196658) / Water from deep aquifer / 99 / [16]
Methanobacterium oryzae FPi (NR_028171) / Rice field / 98 / [25]
Methanobacterium subterraneum strain 9-7 (DQ649330) / Groundwater from deep granitic rock aquifers / 100 / [34]
Methanococcales / 36 / Methanococcus infernus 16S (AF025822) / Deep-sea hydrothermal vent / 98 / [23]
Thermococcales / 49 / Thermococcus kodakarensis KOD1 (NR_028216) / Sediments from solfatara / 99 / [44]
Rice Cluster III / 24 / Unc. Methanosarcinaceae archaeon (AM778236) / Rice plant residues / 100 / [49]
Archaeon LL25A10 / Soil from flooded riverbank / 100 / [29]
Unc. archaeon clone AS08-11 (AF225643) / Rice field / 99 / [38]
Unc. archaeon WCHD3-33 (AF050619) / Waste fuels and chlorinated solvents contaminated aquifer / 99 / [13]
Unc. euryarchaeote KuA16 (AB077226) / Oil-contaminated groundwater / 99 / [59]
44 / Unc. archaeon WCHD3-16 / Waste fuels and chlorinated solvents contaminated aquifer / 99 / [13]
Unc. archaeon ASN16 (AB161348) / Petroleum contaminated soil / 98 / [27]
67 / Unc. archaeon ASC8 (AB161324) / Petroleum contaminated soil / 99 / [27]
Marine Benthic Group D / 35 / Unc. archaeon MH1100_C3E (EU155985) / Minerotropic fen peatland / 99 / [7]
Unc. archaeon QLS458-A40 (EU110044) / Saline alkaline lake sediments / 99 / [24]
DeepSea / 53 / Unc. archaeon MCAr21 (FJ604784) / Cave water / 99 / [10]
Unc. archaeon 60329_T2S1_S_T_SDP_285 (FJ351234) / Water lake, after hurricanes Katrina and Rita / 98 / [1]
Eury 5 / 48 / Unc. archaeon LL_ADT_14 (AM503272) / Rice plants roots / 99 / -
58 / Unc. archaeon DALK16 (AJ631253) / Cold sulfidic march water / 93 / [54]
72 / Unc. euryarchaeote GNA02G06 (EU731250) / Hypersaline microbial mat / 89 / [53]
43 / Unc. euryarchaeote CN1 (AY940177) / Agriculture soils / 90 / [41]
54 / Unc. euryarchaeote MERTZ_21CM_297 (AF424536) / Antartic shelf sediments / 87 / [4]
50 / Unc. euryarchaeote ESYB68 (AB119624) / Estuarine sediment / 86 / [53]
74 / Unc. euryarchaeote GNA04A03 (EU731356) / Hypersaline microbial mat / 90 / [53]
60 / Unc. archaeon ss083b (AJ969772) / Saline soil from salty spring / 93 / [58]
55 / Unc. archaeon 060329_T6S4_W_T_SDP_076 (FJ352244) / Water lake, after hurricanes Katrina and Rita / 93 / [1]
45 / Uncultured euryarchaeote GNA03H12 (EU731107) / Hypersaline microbial mat / 88 / [53]
40 / Unc. archaeon 060329_T2S1_S_T_SDP_093 (FJ351030) / Water lake, after hurricanes Katrina and Rita / 97 / [1]
41 / Unid. euryarchaeote CIARC-3 / Hypersaline microbial mat / 94 / [53]
42 / Unc. euryarchaeote GNA03E04 (EU731358) / Hypersaline microbial mat / 95 / [53]
69 / Unc. euryarchaeote Nubeena78 (AY500128) / Marine sediment near to fish farms / 90 / [3]
33 / Unc. archaeon 060329_T2S1_S_T_SDP_307 (FJ351027) / Water lake, after hurricanes Katrina and Rita / 87 / [1]
63 / Unc. euryarchaeote MERTZ_2CM_136 (AF424529) / Antartic shelf sediments / 89 / [4]
68 / Unc. archaeon CaR3b.f12 (EU244296) / Water from artic shelf river / 98 / [14]
61 / Unc. euryarchaeote GNA01C06 (EU731323) / Hypersaline microbial mat / 85 / [53]
No classification / 52 / Unc. archaeon 060329_T2S1_S_T_SDP_246 (FJ351033) / Water lake, after hurricanes Katrina and Rita / 89 / [1]
75 / Unc. archaeon aEPR13S225 (EU259352) / Deep-sea sediment / 92 / [35]
247 / Unc. archaeon HSWK56 (AJ631247) / Cold sulfidic march water / 97 / [54]
31 / Unc. euryarchaeote VAL84 (AJ131270) / Surface water of freshwater forest lake / 97 / [26]
46 / Unc. archaeon SBAK-mid-46 (DQ640163) / Marine sediment / 87 / [30]
65 / Unc. archaeon FnvA91 (AB213085) / Fluids from hydrothermal fields / 93 / [28]
a. Unc. - uncultured. Unid. - Unidentified
1
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