Chapter 7 the SKELETAL SYSTEM
Answers to Activities
in the Study Guide
Chapter 7 THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
A. Completion
1. support, protection, movement, hematopoiesis, mineral storage
2.cartilage
3.periosteum, endosteum
4.osteocytes, osteoclasts
5.intermembranous, endochondral
6.calcitonin, parathormone
7.compact, cancellous
8.haversian canal
9.red bone marrow
10.diaphysis, metaphysis, epiphysis
11.sesamoid
12.process
13.fossae
14.axial, appendicular
15.occipital
16.single sphenoid bone
17.mandible bone
18.neural foramen
19.lumbar
20.phalanges
21.Hematopoiesis
22.conchae
23.periorbital
B. Matching
24.c
25.f
26.h
27.a
28.i
29.q
30.b
31.m
32.e
33.d
34.n
35.g
36.r
37.l
38.j
39.k
40.p
41.s
42.t
43.o
C. Key Terms
Answers may vary.
44.Cavity of hip receiving head of femur
45:Chronic condition caused by over activity of the anterior pituitary gland
46.Bony prominence on the scapula
47.Heel bone
48.One of the distal bones of the wrist
49.Neck bones of spine
50.Knuckle-like prominence
51.Attachment for muscles that move arm
52.“Soft spot” in skull
53. Natural opening in bone for passage of vessels, nerves and ligaments
54.Portion of sternum (blade of sword)
55.One of the distal bones of the wrist
56. System of canals allowing for effective metabolism of bone cells
57.Manufacture of blood cells
58.Proximal wrist bone
59.Bone of middle ear (hammer)
60.Portion of sternum
61.Canal
62.Largest foramen in hip
63.Bone formation
64.Softening of bone
65.Haversian canal
66.Finger or toe bone
67.A proximal bone of the wrist
68.line where the two parietal bones join superiorly
69.Inflammation of any one or more of the paranasal sinuses
70.Ear bone referred to as the stirrup
71.Ankle bone
72.Fibrous connective tissue; extrension of the capsule of a lymph node
73.A proximal bone of the wrist
74. Forms the floor and interior wall of the external meatus
75.Lower posterior portion of nasal septum
76.Distal end of sternum
77.Cheekbone
D. Labeling Exercise
78.Also refer to Figure 7-7 in the text.
a.sternum
b.ribs
c.carpals
d.metacarpals
e.phalanges
f.clavicle
g.scapula
h.humerus
i.radius
j.ulna
k.hip bones
l.sacrum
m.femur
n.patella
o.tibia
p.fibula
79.Also refer to Figure 7-13 in the text.
a.atlas
b.axis
c.intervertebral disk
d.sacrum
e.coccyx
f.cervical vertebrae
g.thoracic vertebrae
h.lumbar vertebrae
80.Also refer to Figure 7-17 in the text.
a.true ribs
b.sternum
c.false ribs
d.floating ribs
81.Also refer to Figure 7-21 in the text.
a.phalanges
b.metacarpals
c.carpals
d.ulna
e.radius
82.Also refer to Figure 7-25B in the text.
a.phalanges
b.metatarsals
c.tarpals
d.calcaneus
E. Coloring Exercise
83.Refer to Figure 7-7 in the text.
F. Critical Thinking
Answers may vary.
84.Weight bearing.
85. Immature cell, bone formation, source of bone cells.
86.Through use of calcitonin and parathormone.
87. Needed for bone cell metabolism, red for making blood cells, yellow for fat storage.
88. Cleft palate; during speech, air passes into nasal cavity, causing nasality of speech quality.
89.Not connected to sternum.
90.Acetabulum.
91.Lack of vitamin D and calcium, no milk.
92. Tendon ties muscle to bone, ligaments tie bone to bone.
93. The decrease in protein and calcium salts cause more fragile bones, loss of flexibility and decrease in bone density, which creates weaker structures.
94. Responses will vary.
95. An orthotist crafts braces or orthopedic devices prescribed by a physician. An orthopedist is the physician specialist. A prosthetist creates artificial limbs.
96. A chiropractor must complete at least two years of premedical studies followed by four years of study in an approved chiropractic school learning mechanical manipulation of the spinal column as a method to maintain a healthy nervous system.
G. Crossword Puzzle
H. Case Study
- Aayshah has scoliosis (meaning twisted condition), which is characterized by an abnormal curvature of the spine.
- Scoliosis often develops in young girls. However, the most severe cases of sclerosis result from abnormal vertebral structure, muscle paralysis on one side of the body, or unequal length of the lower legs as in Aayshah's situation.
- An orthotist is an individual who designs, creates, and fits braces according to a health care provider's prescription. For example, Aayshah is being referred to an orthotist for a specially designed brace that will help to correct the abnormal curvature of her spine.