Name ______

CHAPTER 6 STUDY GUIDE: A Nation at War

  1. What advantages did the North have during the Civil War?

The North had a larger population-more people to become soldiers. The North had more factories for making supplies and weapons. The North had more railroad lines to transport supplies and soldiers.

  1. What advantages did the South have during the Civil War?

Most of the fighting took place in the South, so soldiers were defending land they knew. The south also had excellent military leaders, such as Robert E. Lee.

  1. What battle had the deadliest day of the Civil War?

Battle of Antietam

  1. Why was the North’s victory at Vicksburg important?

The victory at Vicksburg gave the North control of the Mississippi River.

  1. What was the Emancipation Proclamation?

The Emancipation Proclamation declared that slaves in the Confederacy were free.

  1. How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the war?

The Civil War started out as a war to save the Union. The Emancipation Proclamation made it a war to end slavery in the South.

  1. Who won the Battle of Gettysburg?

The Union

  1. Who gave the Gettysburg Address?

Abraham Lincoln

  1. Why was the battle of Gettysburg a turning point in the war?

About half of General Lee’s men were killed or wounded at Gettysburg. Lee’s weakened army had to retreat after the battle.

  1. Who was the commander of the Confederate Army?

General Robert E. Lee

  1. Who was the commander of the Union Army?

Ulysses S. Grant

  1. Did Stonewall Jackson fight for the North or the South? Did he survive the war? General “Stonewall” Jackson fought for the South. He did not survive the war. He was accidentally shot by his own men in the Battle of Chancellorsville. He died 8 days after the amputation of his arm.
  2. Who was president of the Union during the Civil War?

Abraham Lincoln

  1. Who was president of the Confederacy during the Civil War?

Jefferson Davis

  1. What was Sherman’s March to the Sea?

After the Union’s victory in the Atlanta Campaign, Sherman’s soldiers marched to Savannah. This march became known as the March to the Sea in which the Union soldiers destroyed anything southerners needed for the war.

  1. Why did Sherman decide to use total war against the South?

Sherman chose to use total war to make southerners so tired of fighting that they would give up. Total war is a strategy of destroying the enemy’s resources.

  1. Where did General Lee surrender to Ulysses S. Grant?

In the village of Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865

  1. Why did Lee have to surrender?

He could not get more supplies, soldiers were deserting, and he was almost surrounded by the Union Army.

  1. What was Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction?

Lincoln wanted to let southern states set up new governments and rejoin the Union quickly.

  1. How was President Lincoln assassinated?

John Wilkes Booth shot him during a play in Washington

  1. What were the effects of the war on the South?

People had to rebuild their homes and businesses because most were destroyed during the war. Enslaved people were free, but most had no homes or jobs.

  1. What were the effects of the war on the North?

The North grew stronger as a result of the war. Northern industries and railroads grew quickly during and after the war.

  1. What were the Black Codes?

The Black Codes were laws passed by southern states to limit the rights of former enslaved people to travel, vote, and work certain jobs.

  1. What was the purpose of the 13th Amendment?

It abolished slavery in the United States.

  1. What was the purpose of the 14th Amendment?

It gave citizenship to African Americans. It said that a citizen’s life, liberty, or property cannot be taken away without a fair trail.

  1. What was the purpose of the 15th Amendment?

The 15th Amendment gave African American men the right to vote.